One of the most common pathological processes that occur in the anus is inflammation of the anus. The nature of this pathological process depends on its location. With internal inflammation, the mucous membrane of the rectum is affected, and with external inflammation, the skin around the anus.
Causes of inflammation
Inflammation of the anus can occur for a variety of reasons. Often, a similar pathological process is provoked:
- mechanical damage to the intestinal mucosa;
- concomitant bowel diseases;
- infections
- systemic diseases of internal organs;
- the consumption of medications;
- harmful working conditions.
Often, inflammation leads to hypothermia, a sedentary lifestyle, being overweight, and a deterioration in the state of the immune system. Inflammation of the
anus occurs in young children due to insufficient hygiene. It is also often observed in women suffering from copious discharge from the genitals.
Anal fissure
Inflammation and pain in the anus of a woman, child, or man may be due to cracks. This occurs as a result of irritation of the rectal intestine with inedible foods or chemicals.
Anal fissures can be acute or chronic. An acute type of pathology is observed mainly in infants. Moreover, soreness is mainly observed during bowel movements. The attack can be sharp and very strong, which is why the child becomes restless.
A chronic crack is characterized by the fact that there is an increase in pain during exacerbation. An attack can occur after a diet violation or when straining. During bowel movements, scarlet blood is released from the anus. When an infection is attached, purulent complications can occur.
Thrombophlebitis of hemorrhoidal veins
Thrombophlebitis of hemorrhoids - inflammation of the veins of the anus with prolapse of blood vessels into the mucous membrane. The formation of blood clots leads to difficulty in blood supply. As a result of this, not only inflammation and necrotic tissue changes are formed.
Conservative treatment in this case will be effective only with 1-2 degrees of the disease. In this case, the use of ointments is indicated to help eliminate itching and burning. With the further course of the disease, scarlet blood from the anus begins to be released, and in this case, surgery is recommended to stop bleeding, as well as subsequent complex therapy.
Main symptoms
There are many symptoms that indicate the presence of inflammation of the anus. These include:
- feeling of constant discomfort;
- pain in the perineum and lower back;
- discharge of blood from the anus;
- pain in the anus of a woman or man with bowel movements;
- fever, signs of intoxication;
- increased urge to the toilet.
As soon as these symptoms appear, you should immediately contact a proctologist for a comprehensive examination and subsequent treatment. If timely treatment of the inflammatory process in the acute stage is not carried out, then the disease will turn into a chronic form. With the occurrence of chronic inflammation, symptoms such as:
- pain is constantly felt in the rectal area;
- temperature rises slightly;
- bleeding is observed;
- the patient is very thin.
In the presence of chronic inflammation, the skin around the anus is affected by ulcers that come from the rectum. If the inflammation occurred due to the presence of fungus, the skin around the anus becomes red and will be constantly wet, and there is also a white coating on the surface.
Diagnostics
The presence of at least slight signs of inflammation of the anus suggests that you must definitely visit a doctor. Self-medication is strictly not recommended, as this can trigger a deterioration in well-being.
During the diagnosis, the doctor performs a visual examination of the patient and the collection of tests. Inflammation can be easily identified visually, since the skin in the anus is noticeably reddened and there may be pustules. However, sometimes it may be necessary to use special techniques, in particular such as sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy.
If there is even the slightest suspicion of the bacteriological nature of the inflammation, then an appropriate study is prescribed. It will help determine the type of pathogen, as well as check its resistance to the antibacterial drugs used.
Features of the treatment
Timely treatment of inflammation around the anus in an adult and a child will quickly get rid of the existing problem and prevent complications. Initially, you need to eliminate the root cause of the inflammation.
In particular, such techniques and tools are used as:
- rectal suppositories;
- ointments;
- antiseptic pads;
- dusting powder.
Rectal suppositories are inserted into the rectum and have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. It is worth remembering that only a doctor should pick up such funds, as well as an ointment for inflammation of the anus.
If painful sensations are additionally observed, then painkillers must be additionally taken. It is best to take "Ibuprofen", as it not only relieves pain, but also inflammation.
A good result can be obtained with an enema. It is worth remembering that the liquid should not have too high or low temperature. At a time, you can use no more than 60 ml of liquid for an adult and 30 ml for a child.
In the presence of fungal infections, treatment with antifungal drugs is carried out. They can be in the form of tablets and in the form of local remedies. If the disease proceeds in a mild form, then at the initial stage of its course it is enough only to periodically wash the affected area with a soda solution.
Inflammation and severe itching can be eliminated only after the destruction of the parasites themselves. There are many medications that help get rid of them. If the inflammation was triggered by genital warts, then they are removed surgically. The use of various ointments is undesirable, since this is a rather sensitive area and, if improperly treated, it can be very easily damaged. After the operation, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed to help shorten the postoperative period and prevent infection.
Mandatory requirements for therapy
When carrying out the treatment of inflammation, it is necessary to first determine the main cause of its occurrence. Local treatment implies the use of a special dermatological cream containing zinc and antiseptic substances.
With the bacterial nature of the inflammation, you must first open the abscesses, treat the sores and wounds with a special solution, as well as antibacterial ointments. Until the treatment is completed, you need to refrain from using toilet paper, and it is better to replace it with water washings, as well as apply wet wipes.
Preventive actions
In order to prevent the occurrence of inflammation, it is necessary to observe preventive measures, namely such as:
- monitor your diet;
- use only soft toilet paper;
- observe hygiene;
- drink a lot of fluids per day;
- choose loose natural linen;
- take baths once a week with the addition of herbs;
- to live an active lifestyle.
In the presence of constipation, you need to follow a diet to facilitate the release of feces. It is very important to timely treat existing diseases, so if you have the slightest ailment, you need to visit a doctor.
Consequences of inflammation
Inflamed inflammation in the anus can provoke the occurrence of very serious complications, in particular, such as:
- strong pain;
- blood loss;
- purulent inflammation ;
- blood clots;
- malignant neoplasms.
That is why, in the presence of the slightest signs, you need to contact a doctor who can determine how to treat inflammation of the anus, depending on the cause of its occurrence and duration. Timely access to a doctor is considered the key to the most effective treatment.