Diffuse pneumosclerosis is a disease characterized by excessive proliferation of connective tissue in the lungs. These processes subsequently cause deformation of the bronchi. The lungs condense and gradually atrophy. The disease can occur at any age. More susceptible to this pathology are men. Most often, adults are sick, but occasionally diffuse pneumosclerosis is also recorded in children.
Diffuse pneumosclerosis - the causes of this disease can be varied. The etiology of pneumosclerosis is closely related to heart diseases (myocarditis and heart defects), lungs (pneumonia), infectious diseases (e.g. tuberculosis, syphilis), and mechanical injuries in the chest area. Often, pneumosclerosis is recorded in people who abuse alcohol and tobacco.
Due to fibrosis and blocking of the interalveolar capillaries, progressive respiratory failure develops. Therefore, the first sign of the disease is shortness of breath, which occurs first during physical exertion, and later even at rest. Diffuse pneumosclerosis is accompanied by frequent dry cough, chest pain, fatigue, general weakness, while body temperature remains within the physiological norm. Morphological changes in the structure of the lungs lead to the development of emphysema, pulmonary failure. Disturbed gas exchange in the lungs. Lack of oxygen in the body leads to the development of cyanosis of the skin.
Since diffuse pneumosclerosis most often occurs without characteristic clinical symptoms, therefore, an X-ray examination is necessary to establish a diagnosis. Thanks to this examination method, structural changes in lung tissues are detected. For a more thorough study of the affected areas using tomography.
Diffuse pneumosclerosis - the treatment of this pathology is carried out comprehensively using medications, as well as traditional medicine methods. Expectorants are used to normalize bronchial breathing . For shortness of breath, aerosol bronchospasmolytic drugs are prescribed (euphilin, ephedrine, theophedrine, theophylline, isadrine, atropine sulfate). In case of circulatory disturbance, a good result is obtained using cardiac glycosides (strophanthin). If diffuse pneumosclerosis is accompanied by allergic reactions, corticosteroid hormones (prednisone) are used. With inflammation of the bronchi and lungs, therapists conduct anti-inflammatory and antibacterial therapy (sulfapyridazine, oletetrin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline).
Often, drug treatment is carried out together with physiotherapy (oxygen therapy, reflexology, chest massage). Patients should refrain from smoking and drinking alcohol. Surgical intervention is performed with limited pneumosclerosis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, as well as abscesses. Surgical treatment of diffuse pneumosclerosis is ineffective.
Prevention of diffuse pneumosclerosis is to avoid acute and chronic infectious diseases (bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, syphilis, etc.). It is also necessary to contact as little as possible with toxic gases, soot, smoke, moisture, radiation. Effective ventilation should be installed in the mines and glass manufacturing enterprises. People should work in respirators. If you find the first signs of the disease, you need to change work, where you do not have to inhale harmful substances.