The drug "Meldonium" is in great demand in modern medicine, as it can be used to improve physical performance and restore all body functions after surgery and stroke. The medicine is often prescribed to patients for complex therapy of coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, as well as the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders. Only after a full examination can you use Meldonium. The composition of the drug can adversely affect the body of pregnant women and minor children. Before using such a medication, you must always consult a doctor.
The composition of the drug
The main active substance of the drug "Meldonium" is meldonium dihydrate. The total amount of active component depends on the form of release:
- One white capsule may contain 250 or 500 mg of the substance.
- In 1 ml of injection, 0.1 g of meldonium dihydrate is present.
Depending on the diagnosed pathology, the patient is prescribed the most suitable form of the drug "Meldonium". The composition of the tablets includes various excipients:
- Calcium stearate.
- Gelatin.
- Colloidal silicon dioxide.
- Potato starch.
- Titanium dioxide.
In the solution, the auxiliary component is only purified water for injection.
Medication release
In any modern pharmacy you can buy "Meldonium" in the following forms:
- Solution. The drug is used intravenously, parabulbularly or intramuscularly. The solution was placed in 5 ml ampoules. Each package contains 10 bottles.
- Capsules The pills are cylindrical in shape with hemispherical ends in white. The medicine is placed in cells of 10 pieces. One package can contain from 3 to 6 blisters. The composition of "Meldonium" in tablets is selected so that you can effectively deal with the most common diseases.
The principle of exposure to the body
The composition of "Meldonium" is selected in such a way as to effectively cope with cardiological pathologies. Once in the human body, the medication begins to act in several directions at once:
- Slows down tissue necrosis, contributing to a quick recovery after myocardial infarction.
- Normalizes metabolic processes.
- Significantly improves the contractility of the heart, due to which the body becomes more resistant to physical exertion.
- Improves the protective function of the immune system.
- Minimizes the likelihood of recurrence of angina attacks.
- Accelerates blood circulation in the brain.
- Excellent eliminates withdrawal symptoms, which inevitably manifests itself against the background of prolonged use of alcoholic beverages.
- Relieves symptoms of physical and psychological stress.
- Significantly increases the stamina and performance of the body.
Due to its unique composition, Meldonium has numerous positive characteristics. But it is not recommended to use it for treatment without a preliminary examination and consultation with a doctor. Only a specialist can choose the right dosage of medication.
"Meldonium" is perfectly absorbed by the walls of the intestine. The bioavailability of the drug is 80%. The maximum concentration of the drug in the patient’s blood is reached 2 hours after administration. The main metabolism occurs in the liver. From the body, the drug is excreted naturally in 20-24 hours.
Indications for use
With many pathologies "Meldonium" perfectly copes, which includes highly effective components. Due to this, it is often prescribed for diseases of the respiratory system and eyes, vascular disorders and heart diseases. Previously, the patient undergoes a full examination so that you can safely use Meldonium. Indications for use are the following pathologies:
- Cardiac syndrome, which occurs due to dishormonal depletion of the heart muscle.
- Myocardial infarction.
- Reduced working capacity.
- Angina pectoris.
- Ischemic stroke.
- Chronic form of heart failure.
- The exhaustion of the body.
- Specific retinal bleeding.
- Chronical bronchitis.
- Encephalopathy of the discirculatory type.
- Withdrawal alcohol syndrome.
- Bronchial asthma.
The main indication for the use of "Meldonium" is the postoperative period, when it is necessary to accelerate the process of general recovery of the body and tissue regeneration.
Contraindications
Many patients are interested in the question of what is "Meldonium", since only a careful study of all the characteristics of the drug can avoid the occurrence of adverse reactions. Due to the high level of biological activity of the main substance, there are some contraindications for taking the drug. Among them are:
- Pregnancy.
- Intracranial neoplasms.
- Lactation
- Intolerance to the individual components of the drug.
- Children under 18 years old.
- Violation of the intracranial venous outflow.
Qualified specialists note that the drug should be used with caution in those patients who suffer from various pathologies of the liver and kidneys.
Instructions for use and dosage
To understand what “Meldonium" is and what properties it has, you need to study the instructions in detail and consult an experienced therapist. Since the components of this drug have an exciting and tonic effect on the human body, it is best to take the medicine in the morning. To achieve a positive therapeutic effect, the individual dosage should be selected as correctly as possible, which largely depends on the method of use of the drug.
If the patient was prescribed a tablet form of the drug, then the final dosage of the drug can vary from 250 to 1000 mg. The duration of use depends on the diagnosed disease. In the case of the use of an injection solution, intravenous administration from 0.5 to 1 g of the substance 1 time per day is quite possible. If Meldonium is used to combat eye diseases, then 50 mg of injection solution is used parabulbarly for two weeks. The final dosage and duration of treatment should be adjusted exclusively by the doctor.
In pediatrics, the use of this medication is strictly prohibited. The main reason is the rather weak evidence base on safety and efficacy.
Interaction with other drugs
When the patient has figured out what “Meldonium” is intended for, it should be noted that this remedy can not be combined with all medicines. As a result of interaction with various cardiac glycosides, as well as antihypertensive drugs, an increase in their activity can be observed. The combination of meldonium dihydrate with alpha-blockers, nifedipine, nitroglycerin, peripheral vasodilators can be fraught with the development of arterial hypotension and moderate tachycardia.
The consequences of an overdose. Side effects
If the patient has poorly studied all the points of the instructions, then negative reactions of the body to the components of the drug "Meldonium", the contraindications of which are indicated above, are not excluded. Signs of an overdose:
- Headache.
- Increased heart rate.
- The emergence of feelings of weakness and depression.
- A sudden increase in blood pressure.
For rehabilitation therapy, gastric lavage, sorbent intake, as well as classical symptomatic treatment can be used.
Adverse reactions are very rare. Among them:
- psychomotor agitation;
- dyspeptic disorders;
- tachycardia;
- decrease or increase in pressure;
- itchy skin and rash.
The use of the drug by athletes
In sports, “Meldonium” has received great demand, as it improves the supply of myocardium, as well as muscle tissue with oxygen and blood, which speeds up metabolic processes and increases endurance. But the drug itself does not affect the increase in muscle mass, stops the symptoms of excessive physical exertion and increases the stamina of the body. Due to this, athletes can increase the duration and quality of training.
Injections ("Meldonium", as already mentioned, is also available in the form of a solution) are not used by athletes, since it is most advisable to use a tablet form. Capsules should be drunk twice a day, 30 minutes before training. A maximum of 1 g of the substance can be consumed per day. The optimal course of admission is 3 months.
Weight Loss
If a person decided to deal with what “Meldonium” is for, then you can study not only the instructions, but also the reviews of other patients. In practice, it was proved that the tool is involved in the normalization of the cellular and general metabolism of the human body. Due to this, there is a decrease in blood cholesterol. But this drug allows you to achieve a positive result only in a comprehensive fight against excess weight. It is best to combine Meldonium with running, fitness, weightlifting and aerobics. Thanks to this, it is possible to improve metabolism and the body's response to stress. Take capsules before training in a dosage of 0.5 to 1 g. It is best to take pills in the morning, otherwise sleeplessness may occur.