In the article, we will consider the instructions and reviews for the Itrazol preparation.
It is a drug, in its pharmacological group related to antifungal drugs. It is prescribed for the purpose of etiotropic treatment (therapy, which is aimed at eliminating the root cause of the development of the pathological process) of infectious diseases provoked by fungal microorganisms that are sensitive to the components of the drug.
Pharmacological forms, composition
According to the instructions for Itrazol, it is available in a single pharmacological form - in capsules intended for oral use. Capsules of the drug have an elongated shape, smooth surface and white color. Inside the capsule are spherical pellets (microgranules containing the active component). The main active component in the composition of the drug is itraconazole. Each capsule contains 100 mg of the substance. As additional components are used: titanium dioxide, gelatin, hypromellose, poloxamer, sucrose, corn starch.
Capsules are packaged in blisters for 6 or 7 pieces. In a cardboard bundle 1, 2, 6 contour packs can be located.
Pharmacological effects
As indicated by the instructions for Itrazol, itraconazole, which is the active component of the drug, is able to exert an antifungal effect. The substance inhibits the development and growth of fungal cells, inhibits the synthesis of such a structural element of the cell wall as ergosterol. As a result, the microorganism dies. "Itrazol" is active against various fungi:
- Dermatophytes - Microsporum spp., Trichophyton spp., Epidermophyton floccosum.
- Yeast-like fungi - Candida albicans, Candida spp., Pityrosporum spp., Candida glabrata, Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida krusei.
The drug is no less effective if the body is infected with parasitic Histoplasma spp., Aspergillus spp., Fonsecaea spp., Sporothrix schenckii, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Cladosporium spp., Blastomyces dermatidis.
After oral administration, itraconazole is almost completely absorbed into the systemic circulation from the intestine. It is distributed evenly throughout the body tissues; metabolism occurs in the liver tissues under the influence of isoenzymes. The resulting metabolites are evacuated from the body together with urine and feces. Half the entire dose is excreted from the body during the day.
Indications for use
In accordance with the instructions, “Itrazole” is prescribed for the treatment of diseases provoked by fungal infections that are sensitive to itraconazole. Among them:
- Systemic mycotic lesions, including fungal infections in patients with severe immunodeficiency (if first-line antifungal drugs are ineffective), histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, systemic aspergillosis, sporotrichosis, candidiasis.
- Onychomycosis (lesions of a fungal infection of the nail plates), provoked by yeast-like fungi or dermatophytes.
- Fungal lesions of the mucous membranes and skin, having a diverse localization - fungal keratitis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, candidiasis of the mucous membranes in the oral cavity, multi-colored lichen.
In addition, Itrazol can be used to treat fungal infections caused by exposure to tropical and rare fungi.
Contraindications
What else does the instruction for Itrazol tell us? Do not use it if the patient has the following physiological or pathological conditions:
- Age up to 3 years.
- The lactation period.
- Pregnancy.
- Individual hypersensitivity to any component of the drug.
- The simultaneous use of drugs metabolized by the liver isoenzymes - simvastatin, pimozide, quinidine, dofetilide, cisapride, misolastine, astemizole, terfenadine, midazolam, triazolam, lovastatin.
Caution must be exercised when prescribing a medication to people suffering from pathological disorders of renal function, severe forms of CVS. Before taking the drug, it is important to consult a doctor in order to exclude possible contraindications.
Use of medication
According to the instructions for use with Itrazol, taking medication capsules is important after eating. The capsule should be swallowed whole, without chewing it and without crushing it, washed down with water. The dosage of the drug is determined by the doctor, based on the nature of the infection, its location:
- In order to treat vulvovaginal candidiasis, it is indicated to take 200 mg of the drug twice a day (one day), or 200 mg once a day (three days).
- With multi-colored lichen, it is indicated to use 200 mg once a day for a week.
- With smooth skin dermatomycosis, it is indicated to use 200 mg twice a day (one week), or one month once a day, 100 mg each. The instructions for Itrazol should be strictly observed.
- With candidiasis of the mucous membranes in the oral cavity for 15 days, 100 mg is used once a day.
- In case of lesions of the feet or hands, it is indicated that 200 mg should be taken twice daily for a week, or 100 mg once a day for a month.
- With fungal keratitis, it is recommended to use 200 mg once a day for 21 days.
- With pulse therapy provoked by mold, yeast-like fungi or dermatophytes, onychomycosis is shown to take 200 mg of the drug twice a day for a week. Fungal lesions of the plates of nails on the hands suggest two courses of therapy with an interval of 3 weeks, of nail plates on the feet - three courses with an interval of 3 weeks.
- With continuous therapy provoked by mold, yeast-like fungi or dermatophytes, onychomycosis is indicated for three months to take 200 mg once a day.
Some differences in therapy
As the instruction for Itrazol tablets indicates, the therapy of systemic generalized lesions with fungi has some differences:
- With aspergillosis, 200 mg is indicated once a day. Therapy can take up to 5 months.
- With candidiasis, a single dose per day up to 200 mg is recommended. The duration of therapy may be 3-28 weeks.
- With cryptococcosis, a single use of 200 mg per day is indicated. Therapy takes 2-12 months.
- With cryptococcal meningitis , a daily dose of 200 mg of the drug is prescribed. Therapy takes 2-12 months.
- With histoplasmosis, 200 mg should be taken once a day, or 200 mg twice a day for 8 months.
- With blastomycosis, it is necessary to take 100 mg once a day, or 200 mg twice a day for six months.
- With sporotrichosis, the drug is prescribed for three months once a day, 100 mg each.
- With paracoccidioidomycosis, for half a year, 100 mg are taken once a day.
- With chromomycosis, it is recommended to take up to 200 mg once a day. Therapy takes 6 months.
Itrazol tablets can be prescribed for children from 3 years. The dosage should be determined by the pediatrician. The drug can be used in the treatment of pediatric patients only in cases where the intended benefit is significantly higher than the potential risk of developing negative effects and toxic reactions. Similar rules must also be followed when prescribing funds to elderly patients.
Negative impact
In accordance with the instructions for use with Itrazol, the following negative reactions of the body may develop against the background of the use of an antifungal agent:
- Allergic manifestations, such as anaphylactic shock, angioedema, urticaria, pruritus, and rash.
- Disorders of the reproductive system - erectile dysfunction in male patients, menstrual irregularities in women.
- Disorders of the urinary system - pollakiuria.
- Hemopoiesis disorders - neutropenia and leukopenia.
- The development of bacterial infectious processes - sinusitis, rhinitis, inflammation in the upper respiratory system.
- Disorders of the NS - tinnitus, paresthesia, headache.
- Disorders of the digestive tract - bilirubinemia, vomiting, flatulence, diarrhea, nausea, constipation, abdominal pain, impaired liver function.
The occurrence of negative reactions suggests that the doctor should make a dose adjustment. The possibility of a complete withdrawal of the drug, if there are reasons for this, is not excluded.
This is confirmed by the instructions for use with Itrazol tablets.
Overdose
With a significant excess of the dosage recommended by the doctor, the development of dose-dependent adverse reactions is not ruled out. When an overdose occurs, it is urgent to rinse the stomach, take sorbents. After this, the patient is prescribed symptomatic maintenance therapy.
The specific antidote to medicine is not currently known.
In the instructions for use, analogues of "Itrazole" are not indicated.
Analogs
Itrazol can be replaced, if necessary, with one of the following drugs: Eszol, Funit, Trioxal, Orungamine, Orungal, Mikostop, Mikokur, Metroks, Irunin ”,“ Itrungar ”,“ Itrasin ”,“ Itral ”,“ Itracon ”,“ Iconazole ”,“ Isol ”,“ Itraconazole ”.
Isol - indications: mycoses caused by pathogens sensitive to itraconazole, including vulvovaginal candidiasis, chronic recurrent fungal vulvovaginitis, mycoses of the skin, oral cavity, eyes (including pityriasis versicolor, dermatomycosis, fungal keratitis, candidal stomatitis); onychomycosis caused by dermatophytes, yeast, mold fungi; systemic mycoses, including systemic aspergillosis, candidiasis, cryptococcosis (including cryptococcal meningitis), histoplasmosis, sporotrichosis, paracoccidioidosis, blastomycosis and other systemic and topical mycoses.
Itraconazole is the main triazole antifungal drug with a wide spectrum of activity relative to Candida spp. and other yeast dermatophytes and pathogenic fungi. Its action is to reduce the synthesis of ergosterol in the membranes of fungal cells.
Any replacement of the drug with its analogue should be agreed with the doctor.
Special instructions for use
Before using Itrazol, it is important to carefully study the instructions, which contain some special instructions that require compliance:
- Itraconazole, which is the active component of the drug, can interact with other medicines. Therefore, it is important to inform the doctor about taking any medications before starting Itrazol therapy.
- The active substance of the drug negatively affects cardiac activity. This must be taken into account if the drug is prescribed to patients with CCC pathologies.
- When using the drug in women of reproductive age, it is necessary to use contraceptives to avoid pregnancy.
- The drug can cause side effects in the form of dizziness and loss of orientation, in connection with which patients are advised to refrain from performing work involving motor vehicles or complex mechanisms.
Reviews about "Itrazole"
Many patients speak of Itrazole as an effective tool in the treatment of fungal diseases. The drug allows you to get rid of thrush, candidiasis and dysbiosis of the vagina, nail fungus.
Patients separately note that against the background of the use of the drug, negative reactions rarely develop, or they are weakly expressed.
Patients respond negatively only to the cost of the drug - a package containing 6 capsules will cost, on average, 500 rubles.
We have reviewed the instructions for use and reviews for the Itrazole medication.