In our article we will talk about the unique drug "Colma". Instructions for its proper use, reviews about it, a description of the composition, therapeutic effects, how the drug interacts with other drugs - all this you can find in this review.
What is the preparation "Colme" intended for?
This specific drug is intended for the treatment of alcohol addiction. The action of “Colma” is based on the gradual formation of an aversion to alcohol, since drinking alcohol (even in small doses) while taking drops of “Colma” causes a person to have sharp unpleasant sensations and poor health.
Thus, Colme can be used in the following cases:
- For the treatment of chronic alcoholism.
- For the prevention of breakdowns after treatment of alcohol dependence.
Release form and composition
The manufacturer "Colme" is the Spanish company Faes Pharma. This drug is available in the form of a clear solution that has no color and is intended for oral administration. The solution is contained in glass dark ampoules, each volume is 15 ml. One ampoule package contains 4 ampoules. Also, a bottle with a special nozzle-dispenser is attached to the drug, which allows you to easily and accurately measure the number of drops.
On the composition of the drug "Colme", the instruction reports that the main active component of the solution is cyanamide. 1 ml of Colme solution contains 60 mg of this substance, in 1 drop of the drug - 3 mg of cyanamide, and in a full ampoule of 900 mg. The following auxiliary components also enter the solution:
- deionized water;
- glacial acetic acid;
- sodium acetate;
- sorbic acid.
Therapeutic effects of the drug
Now we know about the composition of the drug "Colme". But why is it still capable of causing an aversion to alcohol? The fact is that cyanamide has the ability to block acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. This enzyme converts poisonous acetaldehyde into acetic acid. This process is part of the neutralization of ethyl alcohol that enters the human body after taking any alcoholic beverage.
The whole process can be divided into several stages:
- Conversion of ethyl alcohol to acetaldehyde.
- Acetaldehyde is converted to acetic acid.
- The acid goes into acetyl coenzyme A.
After the entire amount of acetaldehyde passes into acetic acid, the process of neutralizing alcohol will end, since the main intermediate product of the decomposition of ethyl alcohol will be destroyed.
It is the presence of acetaldehyde (a very toxic substance) in the body that causes the symptoms of a hangover syndrome and alcohol poisoning. In the event that acetaldehyde accumulates in the body, a person displays such unpleasant symptoms as noise and pain in the head, sharp redness of the skin, a feeling of intense heat (especially in the upper body), shortness of breath, pressure in the chest, chills, tachycardia , nausea, cramps, a feeling of fear.
As mentioned above, drops of "Colme" stop the process of neutralization of ethyl alcohol at the level of its transition to acetaldehyde, the concentration of which begins to increase. Accordingly, a person who has drunk alcohol has all of the above symptoms. Moreover, strong negative feelings are guaranteed even when a very small portion of alcohol enters the body.
All of the above contributes to the development of a persistent aversion not only to the taste of any alcohol, but even to the very smell of ethyl. The effect of alcohol intolerance occurs approximately 40-60 minutes after taking "Colma" and lasts a long time (about 12 hours).
Preparation for taking the drug
Important: you can not start treatment "Colme" if after the last intake of alcohol has not passed twelve hours. And 12 hours is a minimum! In the event that the person was in a long binge, the time before taking the drug can be significantly increased (the doctor should establish it).
The next important point: drops "Colme" can be used only with the consent of the person himself. That is, a patient with alcoholism must be notified in advance of all the negative consequences of taking alcohol during treatment with Colme.
The drug must be accurately dosed. First, take 1 ampoule, dropper nozzle and bottle from the package. Then the ampoule is opened and its contents carefully poured into the prepared bottle, on which the nozzle is then put on top, after which it is tightly closed with a lid.
A preparation thus prepared should be stored in a dark place. The medicine for admission is measured from a vial prepared in advance using a dropper. After the solution ends, the contents of the next ampoule are poured into the vial. And this is done throughout the course of therapy.
"Colme": instructions for use
The solution is taken 2 times a day for 12-25 drops (this, respectively, 36-75 mg of cyanamide). Between receptions it is necessary to strictly maintain a twelve-hour break.
It is best to dissolve Colme in a small amount of plain pure water. But it is quite acceptable to drip the drug for administration in such drinks as fruit compote, juice, chilled tea, etc. It is important when adding "Colma" to the drink, then drink the entire volume of the liquid in which a measured amount of the drug was dissolved.
A specific dosage should be prescribed by your doctor. The specialist does this depending on the general state of the patient’s health and the severity of his attraction to alcohol. The meal schedule has nothing to do with Colme intake. However, you should know that drops are unacceptable to take with hot dishes (soup, coffee, etc.). This limitation is due to the fact that the active substance of the drug is destroyed by high temperature.
Another important note about Colma: the instructions say that the minimum duration of a therapeutic course is 3 weeks, and the recommended maximum is 3 months. But at the special discretion of the doctor, the course can be extended for a longer period.
Dosage regimens
There are 2 regimens for taking the drug. The choice of one or another is dictated by how much the person himself wants to stop drinking, as well as the strength of his character and state of health.
Single Stage Reception
With this program of treatment with Kolme drops, their use by the patient is carried out independently 2 times a day (in a dose calculated by the doctor) against the background of absolute abstinence from alcohol.
In this mode, drops can be taken without interruption for 3 months. During this time, a person should develop a habit of sober life, after which he will be able to independently refuse to drink.
In the event that the craving for alcohol still remains and the person feels that a breakdown is possible, then after a break of 1 month, you can repeat the three-month course of taking the drug.
Three stage circuit
This is a more complex treatment program, divided into 3 stages. The first stage takes 5-6 days. At this time, the drug is taken in the usual therapeutic dosage.
The second stage differs from the first in that cyanamide-alcohol samples are added to the daily intake of Colma. Their goal is to develop in the patient a steady aversion to alcohol.
A cyanamide alcohol test is carried out as follows: the patient (certainly under the supervision of a doctor) is given a small amount of alcohol, after which he experiences a reaction in the form of a sharp deterioration in well-being (nausea, fever, palpitations, lack of air, headaches, etc.) . Several of these tests contribute to the development of a person's persistent rejection of alcohol.
At the end of the second stage, the third comes, at which the patient takes "Colma" in doses prescribed by the doctor to consolidate the effect. The duration of this final phase is at least 3 weeks.
Relieving severe symptoms
If during a cyanamidalcohol test the acute symptoms do not go away in a person for a long time (more than an hour) and the patient has such disturbing signs as asphyxiation, a sharp increase or decrease in pressure, convulsions, the doctor may decide to interrupt the procedure and provide urgent care to the patient.
In case of respiratory failure and severe tachycardia, an “Ephedrine” intramuscular injection is given or camphor is injected subcutaneously. In case of cardiac abnormalities, the patient accepts Nitroglycerin under the tongue, and Validol or Corvalol may also be offered. With a decrease in pressure to critical values (lower than 70 to 50), the drug "Mesaton" is administered to the patient intravenously.
With seizures, an injection of magnesium sulfate helps. After conducting quick care procedures, vitamin C with glucose is administered intravenously to the patient.
special instructions
It should be understood that while taking Colme drops, deterioration of health, accompanied by unpleasant symptoms, can occur not only after ingestion of alcoholic beverages, but also with the use of drugs or products that contain ethyl alcohol in small quantities. This means that people taking "Colma" will have to refrain from drinking kefir, sweets with rum, kvass, various medicinal tinctures for alcohol, etc.
Caution should be taken when taking the drug for those people in whom Colme can cause serious consequences if alcohol enters their body. This category includes persons suffering from epilepsy, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, hypothyroidism, as well as those who have a pathology of kidney function.
If drops "Colma" have to be taken for a long period, then it is necessary to monitor the state of the thyroid gland. In this case, its examination should be carried out every 6 months.
If, after taking "Colma", a person accidentally or intentionally took alcohol and developed severe symptoms (pulsation in the head, severe redness of the skin, interruptions in breathing and cardiac activity), then you should immediately give him some antihistamine ("Diazolin" , "Erius", "Cetrin", "Suprastin", "Cetirizine", "Parlazin", etc.).
Overdose
If the dose of the drug prescribed by the doctor was greatly exceeded, this can cause an increase in side effects such as skin rashes, tinnitus, etc. If you intentionally or involuntarily take drops in an excess dose, you need to resort to gastric lavage and then to therapy that supports the normal functioning of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the kidneys and liver.
Interaction with other medicines
Avoid the simultaneous use of "Colma" with other drugs that can inactivate acetaldehyde dehydrogenase ("Ornidazole", "Phenytoin", "Metronidazole", "Isoniazid", etc.), since this can repeatedly increase the pronounced reaction to ethyl alcohol.
It is not recommended to take the "Colme" remedy at the same time as medicines that contain an aldehyde group (with chloral derivatives or with paraldehyde). You must maintain a minimum ten-day interval between the use of "Colme" and funds with disulfiram ("Teturam", "Esperal", etc.).
Side effects
"Colme" is usually well tolerated if the main condition is met: a complete rejection of the use of alcohol-containing liquids. But still, in rare cases, even if this rule is observed, drops can cause the following side effects in a number of individuals:
- noise in ears;
- drowsiness;
- feeling tired
- rashes on the skin;
- transient leukocytosis (a temporary increase in white blood cells in the blood).
In the event that the ban on alcohol is ignored while taking "Colma", the consequences will not be long in coming and will manifest the following symptoms:
- palpitations
- increased sweating;
- pulsation in the neck and in the head;
- hyperemia of the skin;
- general weakness;
- blurred vision;
- chest pain;
- labored breathing;
- nausea (sometimes vomiting).
In severe cases, while drinking alcohol and “Colma” simultaneously, a sharp decrease in blood pressure, depression of the respiratory center and subsequent collapse may occur.
"Colme": contraindications
"Colma" is not recommended for people with the following diseases and conditions:
- During pregnancy and lactation.
- With significant problems from the cardiovascular system (cardiosclerosis, hypertension in the 2nd and 3rd stage, aortic aneurysm, etc.).
- Severe pathologies of the respiratory tract (emphysema, bronchial asthma, etc.).
- With renal, as well as with liver failure.
- With the identified individual intolerance to any of the components that make up the drug.
There are a number of diseases and conditions in which "Colma" from drinking can be consumed, but only under strict medical supervision and with great care. These include:
- diabetes mellitus;
- nephritis;
- an intestinal or stomach ulcer (during an exacerbation);
- epilepsy;
- endarteritis;
- advanced age (over 60 years).
Analogues of the drug
Many people are interested in the question: are there any analogues of "Colme" in drops? Today in pharmacies it is possible to purchase drugs similar to Colma in its effect. It:
- Effervescent tablets "Antabuse".
- Solution for injection "Litonit".
- Capsules "Zorex".
- Vivitrol powder (diluted for intramuscular injection).
- Solution for injections "Binastim".
- Effervescent tablets "Radoter".
- Tablets "Selinkro".
- Gel for intravenous administration "Stopetil".
- Solution for injections "Tetlong-250".
- Tablets "Teturam" (for implantation and oral administration).
- Esperal tablets.
- Pills "Temposil".
- Tablets "Lidevin."
Unfortunately, Colme’s analogues are not available in drops on the Russian pharmaceutical market. Sometimes people consider the Proproten-100 analogue to Kolme . It's a delusion. "Proproten-100", although it is produced not only in tablets, but also in drops, is a homeopathic remedy and in its composition and action can in no way be ranked as an analogue of the drug.
"Colme", the price of which has always been very high (1200-1500 rubles), can be replaced by a synonymous drug with the name "Cyamide". But this drug is available only in tablet form.
Reviews about the drug
70-75% of reviews for Colme drops are positive. This is due to the combination of two factors: the high efficacy of the drug in combination with its good tolerance by most patients.
Many people accentuate their feedback on the fact that drops help to overcome the addiction to alcohol and restore their self-confidence, health and respect of others.
Of course, there are negative reviews about the "Colma". Instructions for use, unfortunately, are sometimes ignored by people. Hence, a violation of recommendations arises, and the following unsuccessful experience is attributed to the alleged inefficiency of the drug. This may seem strange, but some alcoholics try to combine alcohol with taking a drug containing cyanamide, while ignoring the symptoms of malaise.
There is a small number of negative reviews caused by the development of allergies to drops of Colma.
Narcologists speak of the drug as a good assistant in the treatment of alcoholism. However, they warn that the Colme technique alone cannot miraculously heal a person. You need a conscious desire of the patient to return to a sober life.
Where is the drug "Colme" sold
For those who are interested in where you can buy drops of "Colme" from alcoholism, we can not provide accurate data. This popular drug today does not enter the Russian pharmacy chain. In 2017, it was removed by the Ministry of Health from the register of drugs.
Information media report that this happened due to the fact that the Spanish company-manufacturer of drops "Colme", whose price due to the growth of the European currency was too high for most Russian consumers, refused its supplies to Russia.