Symptoms and treatment of gardnerella in women and men

This article will look at the symptoms and treatment of gardnerella in women.

This is the name of the occurrence of an infectious syndrome associated with vaginal dysbiosis, which is accompanied by an increased concentration of gardnerella, and at the same time the absence or excessive decrease in the number of lactic acid bacteria. The chronic form of gardnerellosis leads to inflammatory diseases of the vagina, and in addition to endometritis. Therefore, it is so important to timely treatment.

Where does gardnerella come from in women? This syndrome is a prerequisite for the development of adnexitis, that is, because of it, an inflammatory process in the ovaries or in the fallopian tubes may develop.

Serious complications during childbirth or during pregnancy are not ruled out. Infection of a man most often occurs during coition with a woman who is a carrier of gardnerella. Consider what kind of symptoms people have with this disease. And also find out how the treatment of gardnerella in men and women is carried out.

What are the causes of increased concentration of gardnerella in women?

Gardnerella are a group of facultative anaerobes, they are constantly present in small quantities in the microflora of the vagina and do not cause any discomfort and symptoms of gardnerellosis. Their carriers are about forty-five percent of healthy women of various age groups.

The active process of propagation of gardnerella under the influence of endogenous factors leads to the displacement of lactobacilli. In this case, the replacement of normal flora occurs. As a result of this process, the dysbiotic violation of the mucosa is actively progressing, its protective properties, and at the same time the cells of the vaginal epithelium, are changing.

The causes and treatment of gardnerella in women are of interest to many.

These anaerobes are capable of producing many amino acids that are required by pathogenic organisms for metabolism and nutrition. In the process of decarboxylation of amino acids, amines are released into the vaginal secretion, which have an unpleasant odor reminiscent of rotten fish. The reasons that cause this process are usually the following:

• Conducting frequent douching, as a result of which the lactobacilli are washed out.
• The use of chlorine-containing antiseptics in the form of, for example, Miramistin or Gibitan.
• The use of birth control drugs containing nonoxynol, for example, drugs such as Patentex or Nonoxynol.
• The illegibility of a woman in sexual contact.
• Unreasonable use of antibiotics.
• The presence of diseases of the genitourinary system.
• Exposure to prolonged radiation exposure.
• The development of intestinal dysbiosis.
• The occurrence of hormonal disruptions. Ovarian function determines the activity of reproduction of lactobacillus flora. The hormonal component in the etiology of gardnerellosis is due to the fact that this disease is rarely diagnosed in adolescence (from fourteen to eighteen years old) and during menopause.
• Decrease in susceptibility of immunity to various infectious agents.
• Treatment with antidepressants, hormones, and so on.

Next, we consider what symptoms are observed in women against the background of this disease. We will proceed to the description of the treatment of gardnerella later.

Symptoms of the disease in women

The main feature of this pathology is the absence of an external manifestation of inflammation of the vaginal wall. In fifty percent of women, the disease can occur with blurry symptoms. During a coloscopic examination, dystrophic deformities are detected in combination with an abnormal process in the cervix.

Sometimes there is an absolutely asymptomatic course of the disease in the form of a complete absence of any clinical signs during laboratory testing. The obvious symptoms of an increased concentration of gardnerella are abundant yellow discharge, which has a creamy consistency. Against this background, there is the smell of rotten fish along with pain and itching with coition.

This requires treatment.

Where do women get gardnerella from? As a rule, they parasitize on the mucous membranes of the vaginal walls. This disease can manifest itself as a condition of nonspecific bacterial vaginitis, which in this case is a side effect of gardnerellosis. Against the background of this disease, the balance of microflora is significantly disturbed. Symptoms of gardnerella are distinguished by the following pathological manifestations of the female genitourinary sphere:

• The appearance of swelling of the mucosa.
• The development of surface hyperemia.
• Presence of sensation of itching.
• The occurrence of secretions. Moreover, they may be of high intensity or, conversely, completely absent.
• The presence of an unpleasant odor.
• Sensation of pain during sexual intercourse.

Symptoms and treatment of gardnerella are interconnected. Only a laboratory study of the biological material of the patient taken from the surface of the mucosa makes it possible to identify a pathogenic pathogen. In this case, most likely, the presence of an excessive amount of active forms of gardnerella will be revealed. Bacteriological smear culture may also be performed along with an extended scraping analysis by means of a polymerase chain reaction.

What is the treatment of gardnerella?

Treatment and diagnosis of the disease in women

The diagnosis of gardnerellosis is made on the basis of a detailed history, and in addition, based on data from clinical, screening studies and aminotest. During the examination for possible gardnerellosis in women, it is recommended to conduct additional tests to exclude sexually transmitted infections, such as genital herpes, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, and so on. The treatment for ureaplasma and gardnerella is very similar. The therapeutic regimen, as a rule, consists of the following two stages:

• Elimination of infection and concomitant inflammation. Gardnerells are resistant to substances such as aminoglycosides, sulfanilamides, tetracyclines and cephalosporins, but are very sensitive to clindamycin and ampicillin. Therefore, experts choose Clindamycin or Metronidazole. In order to accelerate recovery, immunotherapy is performed. For the period of treatment of gardnerella and taking medications, doctors recommend that you refrain from sexual contact without the use of condoms.
• Restoring a healthy microbiocenosis in the vagina. To do this, eubiotics are prescribed in the form of "Bifidumbacterin", "Acylact" and "Lactobacterin", stimulating the growth of the natural lactobacterial flora, helping to reduce the number of relapses of the disease.

Consider the causes and treatment of gardnerella in women during pregnancy.

Gardnerella during pregnancy

During the period of growth and development of the embryo, the woman’s body undergoes a lot of various transformations that are associated with the restructuring of the hormonal background, which leads to the appearance of a number of pathological hidden processes, among which gardnerella is often diagnosed. This condition does not pose a serious danger to the embryo, since the placental barrier reliably prevents the penetration of certain pathogens into the fetal bladder. In addition, the passage of the child through the birth canal of the mother is completely safe if she is diagnosed with this disease. They are not highly pathogenic pathogens, that is the reason.

The treatment of gardnerellosis during gestation has some limitations that are associated with the inability to carry out general antimicrobial therapy. Medical manipulations include the use of suppositories along with irrigation of the walls of the vagina through medicinal solutions that inhibit the growth of the pathogen. In the case of ineffective treatment of gardnerellosis, doctors use a course of antibiotic therapy during the prenatal state, since in the late stages of bearing the fetus, if there is an urgent need, it is still possible to use the directed drug effect of the drugs in the treatment of gardnerella.

Home treatment

Before starting a treatment course with the help of folk methods, it is recommended to coordinate their actions with a doctor in order to avoid possible complications and adverse reactions. Such therapy should be carried out under medical supervision with a laboratory assessment of the patient's current condition. It must be borne in mind that self-medication can always be dangerous. So, folk methods in the presence of an increased concentration of gardnerella in the female body suggest using decoctions from the following fees:

• In equal proportions, they take the marshmallow root, cough, clover, nettle, blueberries, lavender, and pine buds. Three collection spoons are brewed with boiling water, after which they are boiled over low heat for about fifteen minutes. Then the product is poured into a thermos, insisting it for ten hours. To use the resulting medicine should be 120 milliliters forty minutes before eating.
• In equal proportions they combine mint, cinnamon, eucalyptus, coltsfoot, bearberry, clover, tansy and incense root. Pour three tablespoons of the collection with one liter of boiling water and boil the medicine for about fifteen minutes. Further, the product must be infused in a thermos for twelve hours. Then the resulting medicine is taken 120 milliliters before meals.

As part of the treatment, you can also use special tampons, which are prepared according to the following recipes:

• A solution is made from a spoon of apple cider vinegar and carrot juice. The ingredients are mixed and applied to a gauze swab, which must be inserted for twenty minutes into the vagina.
• Preparing a mixture of sea buckthorn oil and aloe juice. It is applied to a gauze swab and also inserted into the vagina for twenty minutes.

The soothing bath from the flowers of plants such as calendula, chamomile, and oak bark and walnut leaves are also used in the treatment . For a general strengthening of immunity, medicinal tea from quince, lemon, garlic, fresh cherries and apples is suitable. All ingredients are carefully ground and mixed, after which they are poured with boiling water. Drink tea at 120 milliliters up to five times a day.

Prophylaxis

For the prevention of gardnerellosis in women, it is necessary to adhere to the following recommendations:

• You should have only one sexual partner, and at the same time have an orderly sexual life.
• It is necessary to exclude casual sexual contacts.
• Intimate hygiene is very important. During menstruation, regular replacement of pads or tampons should be carried out.
• Immunity should be strengthened.
• It is necessary to wear underwear only from natural materials.
• It is required to conduct timely therapy of all kinds of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, including treatment of ureaplasma in women.

Gardnerella in men

Infection of men very often occurs during intimate contact with a woman who is a carrier of gardnerella. The contact-household way of transmitting this infection, for example, by shaking hands, in the sauna or during a kiss, is completely excluded.

Predisposing factors for the appearance of gardnerellosis in men include concomitant or recently transferred diseases of the genitourinary system, antibiotic treatment, the use of immunosuppressants, as well as a decrease in immunological activity as a result of physical or emotional stresses.

In the male body, gardnerella cannot exist for a long time and, as a rule, are excreted three days after ingestion. In ten percent of cases, anaerobes can linger in urological tissues. In this case, balanoposthitis associated with gardnerella appears, which is also called nonspecific urethritis.

Symptoms of gardnerellosis in men

In the vast majority of situations, colonization of the male genital organs with gardnerelli does not show pronounced symptoms. Very rarely, this pathology is manifested by burning or discomfort during urination. Sometimes, scarce liquid discharge with a characteristic smell of rotten fish is also possible, but, as already noted, this is extremely rare. Gardnerella can cause complications in the form of prostatitis, vesiculitis, that is, inflammation of the seminal vesicles and in the form of urethritis - a pathological process in the urethra.

The treatment regimen and diagnosis in men

Diagnostic measures against the background of this disease in men suggest a study of urine, ejaculate, prostate secretion, and in addition, scraping from the urethra by performing a polymerase chain reaction.

The therapeutic regimen is selected individually, taking into account the presence or absence of a concomitant infection and the resistance of the pathogen to drugs. As a rule, men with gardnerella are given pills such as Levofloxacin, Clindamycin, or Doxycycline. When taking drugs, you must always follow a diet, which implies a complete rejection of alcohol, fatty, smoked and spicy foods.

In the presence of a pronounced clinical manifestation of the disease, treatment is carried out through immunostimulants, which restore the mucosa and increase the protective ability of the body's immune system. According to the indications, antiallergic drugs are prescribed along with complexes of various trace elements and vitamins. In order to prevent re-infection with gardnerella, it is very important that men observe preventive measures. For example, such measures include abstinence from sexual contact with a menstruating woman and the use of condoms during sex, especially when the connection occurs with an unverified partner.

What else is the treatment of gardnerella in women and men?

Used tools

What should be treated with gardnerella? The following antimicrobials for the treatment of gardnerella in women and men are among the medicines that affect the growth of the pathogen and completely suppress it:

• Treatment with Ornidazole. This medicine produces a quick and lasting effect against gardnerella. Its active component enters the microbial cell, interacting with its genetic structure, as a result of which replication of nucleic acids is suppressed.
• The use of clindamycin in the treatment of gardnerella in women. This medicine is also active against gardnerella. For local therapy of gardnerella in men, a cream is used, and for women, candles are intended for vaginal injections.
• Conducting treatment with Metronidazole. The active component of this agent can penetrate deep into the cell structure of the pathogenic microorganism, damaging its genetic base. Thus, this drug provides high efficiency in the treatment of gardnerellosis. It should not be combined with the use of alcohol, since against this background increased intoxication is possible.
  

Gardnerellosis in men and women is an infectious pathology that requires high-quality diagnosis and complex treatment. If such violations of microflora are found, appropriate treatment should be surely taken, which will help to avoid various complications, preserving reproductive health for a long time and improving the quality of life.

We examined the symptoms and treatment of gardnerella in women and men.