About such an ENT disease, like tonsillitis, is known to many. In medicine, this acute infectious pathology is called tonsillitis. Malignant microorganisms cause strep throat, including streptococci, as well as staphylococci, and more rarely pathogenic bacteria and viruses. As a result of their exposure, glands and tonsils become inflamed in humans.
There is a sore throat in those cases when appropriate conditions are formed for the reproduction of the above microorganisms. This can be an unsatisfactory diet or overwork, hypothermia or viral infections that have overcome a person. How to treat sore throat in children and what methods to use in this case will largely depend on the type of pathogenic agent, on the severity of the inflammation, and on the age of the child.
Causes of tonsillitis
Angina is found quite often. This is one of those ailments from which small patients suffer in the autumn-winter period. After all, the onset of cold is often a serious test of childhood immunity. This is especially manifested in cases where a child eats poorly, does not receive physical activity, rarely travels outside the city for walks in the fresh air, or eats less than healthy food. In such children, under any hypothermia, whether it is ice cream or a cold drink, frozen legs or pens, the processes of reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity immediately begin.
In addition, the factors provoking the development of angina are:
- child-borne viral infections, including SARS, influenza or parainfluenza;
- the presence of foci of inflammation in other organs, which is observed with otitis media, caries, adenoids, sinusitis or sinusitis.
In addition, the cause of angina sometimes becomes close contacts with an already ill person. The infection in this case is transmitted through the airborne droplet. Viruses and bacteria are transmitted by the external environment when coughing, sneezing an infected person, as well as while using common dishes or food
If you do not know how to treat sore throat in children, and start a pathological process or apply the wrong therapy, then tonsillitis will take its chronic form. At the same time, it is worth remembering that harmful microorganisms often cause other dangerous ailments. These are diseases of blood vessels, heart and kidneys, as well as allergies, rheumatoid arthritis and many others. That is why even with the first signs of a sore throat, parents should certainly seek the advice of a pediatrician.
The need for hospitalization
Sometimes pediatricians decide to send the child to the hospital. The reason for this can be a pronounced intoxication of the body of a small patient. Its main manifestations are nausea and cramps, vomiting, and fever that does not stray with antipyretic drugs, confusion and impaired stool.
Hospitalization of the child will be carried out and with complications of tonsillitis in the form of abscesses, rheumatic heart disease or phlegmon of the neck. Inpatient treatment is also carried out for bleeding disorders, renal failure and diabetes.
Most often, pediatricians recommend treating tonsillitis in children up to a year in a hospital. However, if the pathology has no complications, then it is still better to leave the child at home. In that case, the baby will be in more familiar and calm conditions. In addition, there is no likelihood of joining hospital infections at home.
Classification of tonsillitis
Based on the depth of the inflammatory process that occurs in the tonsils, medicine, tonsillitis is divided into:
- ulcerative membranous;
- follicular;
- lacunar;
- catarrhal.
Also emit a sore throat:
- specific - fungal lesions and spirochete;
- primary - pathology, in which there are symptoms of damage to the tissues of the pharyngeal ring, as well as general intoxication;
- secondary, developing against the background of acute infectious pathologies, as well as with blood diseases.
As a pathogen pathogen, tonsillitis happens:
- fungal;
- viral (enterovirus, adenovirus and herpetic);
- bacterial (diphtheria and streptococcal).
Symptoms of a sore throat
Despite the available varieties of pathology, its main features are:
- the appearance of a sore throat during swallowing;
- the baby's refusal not only to eat, but also to drink;
- increased (sometimes up to 38-40 degrees) body temperature;
- weakness;
- headache.
Against the background of the occurrence of severe intoxication in a small patient, vomiting and diarrhea often appear. On examination, he revealed a bright reddening of tissues in the throat and swelling of the tonsils. In some varieties of tonsillitis (for example, candidiasis and diphtheria), the removal of plaque from the tonsils provokes the appearance of bleeding erosive surfaces.
In addition to temperature and sore throat in children, an increase in cervical and submandibular lymph nodes often occurs. However, they also become painful. Pediatricians warn parents that it is impossible to warm up such lymph nodes with compresses or with the help of other manipulations.
One of the symptoms of a sore throat is hoarseness. After all, the inflammatory process negatively affects the vocal cords.
How to treat sore throat in children? This must be decided by the doctor. Only a specialist, having determined the type of pathology, will prescribe the correct therapeutic course. Pediatricians warn parents that they themselves will not be able to distinguish one type of sore throat from another. And with the toxic form of the disease, a sharp stenosis of the larynx occurs, the neck swells and suffocation appears. This phenomenon is very dangerous for the life of the child.
General principles of treatment
Tonsillitis is a very serious and dangerous disease. That is why getting rid of it, using only folk remedies, will not work.
How to treat sore throat in children? Everything will depend on the type of infection. For example, when asked about how to treat herpes sore throat in children or viral, pediatricians answer that the use of antibiotics in this case is absolutely ineffective. The fact is that such drugs eliminate only pathogenic bacteria. And vice versa. In the treatment of bacterial tonsillitis, antibiotics are required. Reception in such cases only antiviral drugs is unacceptable.
Based on this, it becomes quite clear why the question "how to treat sore throat in children at home?" the correct answer can only be given by a pediatrician.
The most effective treatment for tonsillitis in children is when two directions of therapy are used at once - general and local. But this can only be said if the doctor has not provided for surgical intervention.
Popularly tells parents about how to treat a sore throat in a child, Komarovsky. This renowned pediatrician emphasizes the need for antibiotics and vitamin complexes that are appropriate for the age of a small patient. How to treat purulent tonsillitis in a child? With such an ailment, the use of local funds will be required. These are various sprays and rinses with an antiseptic. In addition, in the early days of the disease, it is important for parents to provide their baby with bed rest and rest. It will be permissible for the child to do his usual business and play only after his temperature drops.
Evgeny Olegovich Komarovsky emphasizes that moment that in high heat the motor activity of the baby increases the load on his heart many times.
It is possible to lower the temperature in a child using antipyretic drugs. The best drug for this is Paracetamol. But Komarovsky recommends giving such funds only in those cases when the temperature has exceeded 38.5-39 degrees.
Also, a well-known doctor advises parents not to purchase expensive antibiotics in pharmacies, the manufacturers of which have announced the "magical" properties of their product. How to treat sore throat in children at home? In his opinion, the usual “Erythromycin”, “Penicillin” or “Ampicillin” will be quite enough for a small patient. The minimum course of antimicrobial therapy should be at least 7 days. Their reception should not be canceled even with the onset of relief. Indeed, in this case, the well-known pediatrician emphasizes, the risk of complications increases significantly.
Komarovsky argues that local irrigation or gargling does not affect the timing of recovery of a small patient. But such procedures can relieve a sore throat in a child, which will greatly facilitate the swallowing process. That is why such methods cannot be used as an independent treatment. They must be carried out simultaneously with the passage of the course of antibiotics that were prescribed by the doctor.
Komarovsky recommends gargling for kids with a decoction made from pharmacy chamomile or from a collection of sage. But at the same time, the doctor emphasizes that the optimal temperature of the liquid is important for the effective removal of angina. Cold rinses in no way affect the elimination of inflammation, and from hot they only intensify. He also does not recommend that you force your baby to gargle too often. The fact is that the vibrating movements produced in this case in the area of the tonsils lead to a slowdown in the recovery of lymphoid tissue. The greatest effect will bring a rinse produced after each feeding the baby.
Infant Treatment
It is not easy to get rid of a baby's sore throat up to 1 year in that it is impossible to apply local therapeutic methods in this case. But they greatly facilitate the condition of the patient.
Parents should remember that local treatment is prescribed only to those children who are already 2 years old. That is why, when getting rid of sore throats, the main emphasis will need to be done only on general therapy.
Most often, the doctor prescribes antibiotics to such patients parenterally. A similar method of administering drugs is very difficult for babies to take.
Infants are prescribed antibiotics in the penicillin series for babies. Among them are Flucloxacillin, Amoxicillin and Amoxiclav. These drugs destroy bacteria, having a minimal toxic effect on the baby's body. They quickly penetrate the blood and body tissues.
With a severe course of the pathology, other types of antibiotics can be prescribed by the pediatrician. It can be "Azithothromycin" or "Ceftriaxone." These funds are very effective and low toxic.
To reduce the temperature, infants are given "Paracetamol" or "Ibuprofen", as well as drugs based on them.
After a course of antibiotics, pediatricians prescribe intramuscular injection of the drug “Bicillin” for babies. A similar measure will be the prevention of streptococcal infection. Restore intestinal microflora after antibiotics will allow "Hilak forte" and "Linex".
For children 1 year
The immunity of babies is still immature. That is why children are very susceptible to fungal, bacterial and viral infections that affect the upper respiratory tract.
How to treat sore throat in a child at 1 year old? You need to talk about this with the pediatrician. Pathology therapy will depend on the nature of the pathogen.
When symptoms of angina occur, children are given antipyretic, antihistamines and anti-inflammatory drugs. Antiviral and immunomodulating agents are prescribed by a pediatrician only in severe cases of pathology. Parents should offer their children more to drink warm liquids, preferably fortified. Pediatricians also recommend irrigating the baby's neck with infusion of chamomile.
Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs are given in the form of syrups or rectal suppositories to one-year-olds. In such products, the treatment components are ibuprofen or paracetamol. As for Aspirin, this drug is contraindicated for babies.
In parallel with anti-inflammatory drugs, pediatricians recommend drops “Parlazin”, “Zirtek” and “Fenistil”. How to treat throat with sore throat for children in 1 year? Antihistamines will help reduce pain and irritation. Local procedures, in addition to systemic medications, should be used sparingly. After all, children at this age are not able to gargle.
How to treat purulent tonsillitis in a child in 1 year? In order to relieve a sore throat, the baby can be given tea brewed from linden blossom, a decoction of wild rose or chamomile. Rinses are replaced by irrigation of the cheek mucosa with a solution of soda. Pediatricians recommend placing a dry dressing on the baby’s neck. She will warm a sore neck.
Children's forms of antibiotics are suspensions and syrups. They are prescribed by the doctor in a dosage based on the severity of the disease and the patient's body weight. To restore intestinal microflora after a course of antibiotics, pediatricians recommend taking eubiotics and probiotics for small patients. These are the Bifidumbacterin and Rotabiotic Baby powders, as well as the Yogurt Linex capsules.
For children in 2 years
With viral tonsillitis, it is necessary to eliminate viruses, respectively. In this case, the child is prescribed drugs such as Novirin or Groprinosin. How to treat a sore throat in a child of 2 years? Pediatricians recommend treating the neck of children with special aerosols that will “flush” the infection. Parents should give their children a plentiful drink, as well as rinse the nasal mucosa with normal saline or No-salt and Aquamaris preparations. In addition, the child is prescribed vitamins and immunostimulants.
If a small patient has snot flowing in a stream and a sore throat, then he does not need to take antibiotics. Similar symptoms indicate the viral nature of the pathology.
And if a bacterial pathology is established by a pediatrician, how to treat a sore throat in a child at 2 years old? In this case, you will need to take antibacterial drugs. Their pediatrician will prescribe in the form of a suspension. The course of antibiotic therapy should be from 3 to 7 days. Its duration will depend on the severity of the disease.
In order not to disrupt the beneficial intestinal microflora, the child is prescribed probiotics. A small patient needs a warm, plentiful drink in the form of compotes, fruit drinks, decoctions and mineral water without gas. It is recommended that the baby take vitamins, immunostimulants, as well as other supporting drugs.
Treatment of children in 3 years
If the child is ill with tonsillitis, then parents should treat the elimination of pathology with all responsibility. This will further avoid various kinds of complications.
How to treat sore throat in a child 3 years old? To quickly and effectively eliminate the disease, parents should:
- Give the baby more to drink. The drink can be anything. The main thing is that the baby likes him. The main task in this case is to provide all the cells of the body with moisture. This will allow him to fight the disease with maximum efficiency.
- To prepare for your child dishes that have a maximum of useful properties. Due to sore throat, liquid foods are recommended for children.
- Provide the baby with bed rest. To accomplish this, of course, is difficult, but a child of 3 years old needs to sleep and lie more.
- Humidify the room where the small patient is located, and also regularly ventilate the room.
- Use medications prescribed by the pediatrician.
How to treat sore throat in a child 3 years old? Therapy of the disease is carried out using a standard set of pharmacological drugs. The specific list of drugs is determined by the pediatrician based on the type of disease.
How to treat sore throat in a child 3 years old? To do this, use:
- Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic drugs. They can relieve pain and normalize the general condition of the patient. Paracetamol and Ibuprofen are considered such drugs.
- Local antiseptics. They help cleanse the neck of accumulated plaque, as well as treat diseased tonsils. For this, various sprays can be applied for 3-year-old children, which eliminate sore throat. They replace rinsing, which is almost impossible for kids to perform.
With the bacterial form of tonsillitis, the pediatrician will be prescribed a course of antibiotics included in the penicillin group. The most popular forms of medication at this age are syrups and suspensions. It is possible to use crushed tablets diluted in small volumes of water.
Viral tonsillitis will require the appointment of antiviral agents and immunomodulators. Treatment of purulent tonsillitis in 3-year-old children will require the appointment of additional drugs to eliminate pus. The most commonly used solution is chlorophyllipt.
Treatment for 4 years old children
Depending on the type of tonsillitis, pediatricians prescribe penicillin group antibiotics or antiviral drugs.
How to treat sore throat in a child at 4 years old at high temperature? In this case, pediatricians recommend the drug "Sumamed." It is a highly effective antibiotic, which you will need to take for 3 days. At the same time, doctors prescribe antipyretic and antihistamines, which allow symptomatic therapy.
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Treatment for children 5 and 6 years old
Mom and dad need to understand that if their child has such a complex illness as angina, an urgent consultation with a therapist is necessary. He will establish the type of disease and prescribe the necessary drugs.
How to treat sore throat in a child of 5 years and 6? In general, the recommendations remain the same. The only thing that can be changed is the form of the drugs. How to treat sore throat in a child of 6 years and 5? For such children, instead of a suspension, doctors prescribe drugs in the form of conventional tablets. For small patients, such products are available with a pleasant taste. Most pediatricians do not seek to give injections to children. They are perceived by the child very painfully, and even in the absence of a medical worker in the family, it will be difficult to make them.
After antibiotics, children are prescribed a course of the Linex drug, which allows you to restore the beneficial intestinal microflora. A pediatrician is prescribed such drugs as Tavegil and Suprastin. They will eliminate the possibility of allergies.
A good effect is given by the irrigation of the pharynx with Tantum Verde or Hexoral sprays. The first of them is used for patients under 6 years old, and has a pleasant taste.