The thyroid gland is an organ that produces active biological substances - the hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine, which are responsible for metabolism, the work of the heart, stomach and other organs. Thyroid diseases can be divided into diseases that disrupt its functions, and those associated with changes in its structure. Diseases of the thyroid gland associated with a violation of its structure are much more common in life. Let's try to talk about them.
Certain formations periodically arise in the thyroid gland - nodes that inside contain a capsule. The cause of their occurrence can be different, starting with a lack of iodine, hereditary traits, radio emissions, etc. And although with age a person has more and more of them, they are considered benign, not dangerous to the life of the patient.
Sometimes a person develops a thyroid cyst - a formation that, unlike a node, inside the cavity is filled with fluid and can be congenital. As a rule, the probability that the nodes turn out to be a cyst is 5%.
For some time, these neoplasms did not make themselves felt, and therefore the patient does not even suspect their existence. Usually, a person learns that he develops a thyroid cyst only when it is suppurated or inflamed. During this period, sometimes the patient's temperature may rise, and the densified formations become noticeable and can be groped under the skin without difficulty. When the size of the tumor reaches a noticeable with the naked eye, and this is usually about 3 centimeters, then there is a need for urgent treatment.
If the doctor suspects that the patient has a thyroid cyst , the symptoms of the disease are most often the following: nervousness, weight loss, hand trembling, astringency in the throat, constant feeling of a “lump” in the larynx, difficulty swallowing and breathing, hoarseness, sore throat, and the presence of a tumor on the thyroid gland.
It is worthwhile to say that these neoplasms, upon reaching a size quite impressive for the tumor, begin to put pressure on the blood vessels. As a result of this, the temperature can rise, the neck hurts, the lymph nodes become inflamed. The thyroid cyst, the treatment of which must be started immediately, from the moment the diagnosis is confirmed, can turn into a malignant neoplasm in a while.
What treatment is undertaken for this disease?
First, you need to do a very detailed ultrasound of the entire thyroid gland, determine the size and nature of the tumor. If the cyst is not inflamed or not suppurated, then having repeated puncture and making sure of its goodness, you can not resort to surgery, but treated with conservative methods - drugs containing iodine or thyroid hormones. If any cystic inflammation is detected, antibiotics are added to these drugs.
The thyroid gland as a whole consists of two lobes and an isthmus connecting them. Sometimes it becomes necessary to remove one of the shares. As a rule, after such an operation, the gland does not disturb any functions.
According to statistics, a tumor that occurs on the thyroid gland can be cured in only 80% of patients. The worst prognosis of this disease is the germination of a malignant neoplasm in neighboring organs (metastasis). Therefore, it is necessary to undergo an examination once a year from various specialists, including an endocrinologist. After all, warned - that means ... In this case, only one thing can be said - healthy. After all, it is much better to prevent the disease than to suffer after treatment. And remember: health is the most powerful wealth that a person possesses and which cannot be bought for any wealth.