Human heart and blood vessel diseases are one of the most common causes of death among the population. Improper nutrition, frequent drinking and smoking are the reasons that negatively affect the health of the human heart and blood vessels. The most common disease among the cores is hypertension. The number of people suffering from high blood pressure, according to statistics, reaches forty percent of the adult population of our country.
This article will focus on a popular drug that is designed to deal with a problem called hypertension. The main points of the instructions for use of Enalapril, at which pressure the doctor can prescribe it, are also available.
Indications
At what pressure should I take the medicine? The drug "Enalapril" refers to a group of drugs that are artificially synthesized and designed to lower a person's blood pressure. The medication has long been known to all people suffering from hypertension, and enjoys their recognition for its promptness and effectiveness in solving problems with headaches.
According to the instructions for use, Enalapril requires careful use. It can not be written out for yourself. Before taking the medicine, you must consult your doctor and carefully study the instructions for use of Enalapril. At what pressure is it worth taking the drug, we will describe further.
Release form
"Enalapril" is available in tablets with different contents of the active substance. According to the instructions for use "Enalapril", 20, 10 or 5 mg of the active substance may be in the drug.
Tablets are packed in contour cells, and then in boxes. According to the instructions for use, Enalapril tablets are contained in boxes of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, or 60 pieces.
pharmachologic effect
According to the instructions for use, the medicine "Enalapril" is prescribed for:
- High blood pressure.
- Permanent heart failure as part of the patient’s general therapy.
The action of Enalapril is primarily aimed at lowering the pressure and reducing the load on the heart. The effectiveness of treatment will be maximum if you follow the tips:
- The patient must constantly monitor his blood pressure, hemoglobin level and other important blood parameters.
- Absolutely all patients with vascular and heart diseases need the supervision of a physician in the treatment process.
- With a sudden cessation of the drug, a sharp increase in pressure is not observed.
- Arterial hypertension can lead to an increase in creatinine and urea. All patients need to monitor kidney function.
Contraindications
According to the instructions for use, Enalapril is contraindicated in:
- history of angioedema;
- stenosis of the renal arteries on two sides or stenosis of the renal artery of a single kidney;
- hypersensitivity to the active substance of the drug;
- bearing a baby and lactation.
With caution, it is worth using the drug "Enalapril" in the following cases:
- the patient follows a salt-free diet;
- takes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at the same time;
- the patient was diagnosed with systemic connective tissue disease;
- the patient has increased potassium in the blood;
- there is kidney or liver failure.
All such diagnoses, diseases and phenomena should be reported to your doctor who recommends this drug to your patient.
The use of alcohol enhances the effect of the drug Enalapril. This should be considered if such a therapy is prescribed to a sick person.
In the process of admission, blood pressure and blood counts, the state of internal organs (liver and kidneys) should be regularly monitored. At the beginning of treatment with Enalapril, you should refuse to drive a vehicle, an active professional activity that requires a high concentration of human attention.
When taking the tablets, dizziness and poor health can be observed. It is possible for a person to return to his usual way of life after selecting a dosage of a drug suitable for him and its good tolerability of the drug for at least two weeks.
Dosage and administration
How to take Enalapril? The instructions for use say:
- "Enalapril" is taken orally, regardless of the time of meal. Dosage is calculated depending on the severity of the disease. Usually it is equal to a single dose per day from 2.5 to 5 mg. The first dose should be taken under medical supervision for two or three hours until the pressure stabilizes.
- When administered, the recommended norm of the drug is from 2.5 to 5 mg per day. It is possible to increase the dosage, according to the instructions for use "Enalapril" to 10, up to a maximum of 20 mg per day, divided into two doses. The largest dose of the drug per day when taken orally is 80 mg.
- With intravenous administration, the recommended norm is 1.25 mg every six hours. If the patient has excessive hypotension, sodium deficiency and dehydration due to diuretic therapy, renal failure, then an initial dose of 625 mg is administered.
With a long course, the norm, according to the instructions for use of Enalapril, is 5 mg per day.
The patient should not forget about the main rule. You can’t navigate yourself at what pressure, according to the instructions for use of Enalapril, you need to increase the dosage. Only a doctor decides this.
To the question of how long the drug reduces blood pressure, a clear answer can be given. According to the instructions for use, an hour after taking the medication in the blood is the maximum concentration of the active active substance. It persists for about the next four hours, then decreases.
If the drug is prescribed for the suffering person for the first time, then the first three hours after taking the pill, he should be under the supervision of the attending physician in order to avoid negative consequences.
Side effects
Patients are often interested in what pressure (in the instructions for the use of "Enalapril" is not), side effects may occur? They can occur at any pressure, at any stage of medication.
Reviews on the use of Enalapril and the instructions for it indicate the presence of a large number of side effects:
- The possibility of dizziness, headache, the appearance of a feeling of fatigue, excessive fatigue. Sometimes it occurs when using the drug in large doses, sleep disturbance, imbalance and constant tinnitus.
- The cardiovascular system may interrupt functioning. This manifests itself in the form of fainting, heart palpitations, pain in the heart, sometimes hot flashes can occur.
- The possibility of nausea, dry mouth, pain in the abdomen, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, impaired liver function, increased activity of hepatic transaminases, an increase in the concentration of bilirubin in the blood.
- Impaired kidney function.
- The appearance of dry cough.
- The possibility of impotence.
- Hair loss on the head.
- Reactions in the form of a rash and itching on the skin (allergy).
- Hyperkalemia and muscle cramps.
Enalapril recommends caution in patients with diseases of the immune system, diabetes mellitus, and liver dysfunctions.
People with chronic heart failure have a risk of developing orthostatic hypotension when taking Enalapril. Before starting treatment, such patients are advised to consult a doctor and conduct procedures to restore fluid and salts in the body.
With prolonged treatment with Enalapril, it is recommended to control the picture of peripheral blood. Discontinuation of enalapril, as a rule, does not cause a sharp increase in blood pressure.
During surgical operations during therapy with the described drug, the development of arterial hypotension is possible. It must be corrected and stabilized by the introduction of an additional amount of fluid into the body.
Drug interaction
Reviews about "Enalapril" are advised to be careful in combining the use of this medication with other drugs:
- With its simultaneous administration with potassium preparations, salt substitutes and other dietary supplements containing potassium, the appearance of hyperkalemia is possible. According to the instructions for the use of Enalapril, it is especially cautious to combine medication with potassium preparations for patients with impaired renal function, since the content of aldosterone is reduced, which can lead to a delay in potassium in the human body.
- When taking Enalapril against the background of the use of opioid analgesics and other drugs for anesthesia, the antihypertensive effect of the described drug is enhanced.
- "Enalapril" from pressure (according to the instructions for use) together with immunosuppressants increases the risk of developing leukopenia.
- When using diuretics and Enalapril, the antihypertensive effect is enhanced. There is a risk of hypokalemia and a risk of impaired renal function.
Overdose
It happens that the patient took a dose more than prescribed by the doctor, or combined several doses in time into one, violating the instructions for use. Reviews about Enalapril tablets are not always positive because of this, as facts of an overdose of the drug quite often happened. We list the symptoms of exceeding the norm when taking the medication:
- a sharp decrease in blood pressure, leading to collapse, myocardial infarction, poor blood circulation in the human brain or thromboembolic complications;
- the appearance of convulsions, stupor.
When symptoms of an overdose appear, it is necessary to put the person in a horizontal position, preferably with a low headboard. If the overdose is mild, it is recommended to rinse the stomach and take saline inside. If severe, it is recommended that measures aimed at stabilizing blood pressure. For example, the introduction of an intravenous 0.9 percent solution of NaCl, plasma substitutes.
It is not recommended, using the instructions for use "Enalapril", at what pressure and what dose of medication to take, decide for yourself. Only a doctor establishes the norm, frequency and duration of medication, depending on the well-being of the patient and the stage of the disease.
Storage conditions
Enalapril is recommended to be stored in a dry place where children cannot reach, at a temperature of +15 to 25 ° . Shelf life is a maximum of three years. Children should not have access to medicine. After the expiration date, the product can not be used.
Analogs
Instructions for use "Enalapril" prohibits taking the drug to people who have a number of contraindications, but the drug has analogues:
- Renetek. The cheapest option is available in pink tablets. It is able to reduce the incidence of myocardial infarction, as well as reduce the number of patients undergoing hospitalization and treatment in stationary conditions due to unstable angina with inoperative left ventricular function. The drug "Renitek" can significantly slow down the development of severe heart failure and reduce the number of people entering hospitals for heart failure. Renitek in combination with therapy and prevention of heart diseases significantly reduces mortality and the number of hospitalizations in medical centers. In the course of laboratory studies, it was found that life expectancy increases with the use of the drug.
- Renipril. A popular drug for hypertensive tablets. Simultaneously with a decrease in blood pressure, the drug reduces pre- and afterload on the myocardium in heart failure. It improves blood circulation in the pulmonary circle and respiratory function, reduces resistance in the vessels of the kidneys, and normalizes their blood circulation. The medication is well tolerated and generally does not cause side effects requiring the withdrawal of the drug.
- Enap. The drug is released in round tablets, which must be taken orally, washed down with water. The medicine can be taken before, during or after a meal. It is necessary to get used to taking the drug constantly at the same time. If a person has missed the next dose, you should take it, but only if there is an interval of more than several hours before taking the next pill. It is not recommended to take a double dose at a time. Treatment with Enap requires examinations and observation by the attending physician on an ongoing basis, especially at the beginning of drug therapy to determine the required dosage. The frequency and regularity of tests, examinations are determined by the doctor. The dosage of the drug is always adjusted depending on the condition of the patient. Enap is prescribed for the following diagnoses: arterial hypertension, heart failure, impaired left ventricular function.
- "Enarenal". Treatment with this drug helps to reduce several vital indicators: post- and preload on the myocardium, blood pressure. An hour passes after taking the pill, and the therapeutic effect occurs. The maximum effect of the drug is observed after about four, a maximum of six hours, lasts up to twenty-four hours. Some patients have to take the drug for several weeks in order to achieve tangible improvement. As for the diagnosis of chronic heart failure, in this disease, to achieve the desired effect, prolonged therapy is required - at least six months, or even more, at least as written in the instructions for use.
Reviews about the analogues of Enalapril indicate the presence of a sufficient number of medicines that can replace it.
Summary
Heart attack and stroke are two "silent killers" of modern man. These two diagnoses account for nearly seventy percent of all deaths in the world. Many people die due to obstruction of the arteries of the heart or brain. Almost always, the cause of this outcome is pressure surges due to hypertension, which every year takes away the most valuable thing from millions of people - life.
Cardiologists claim that the pressure tablets Enalapril have a hypotonic effect. They perfectly lower blood pressure with its increased rates. "Enalapril" dilates blood vessels, and this helps to reduce the load on the left ventricle of the heart. This drug is prescribed for patients with chronic heart failure.
Tablets of the described drug are recommended for the treatment of diseases of the liver and kidneys. Thanks to Enalapril, blood circulation improves and the risk of damage to organs (kidneys, liver) in diabetes mellitus is reduced.
This article contains answers to most patients' questions about the most common remedy for combating high blood pressure: how to take the drug and at what pressure? Instructions for use "Enalapril" must be read by the patient before taking the medication.