The heart is the motor of the whole organism. A global environmental catastrophe, a modern pace of life, an unbalanced diet and an increased level of daily stress lead to a disruption in the functioning of this vital organ. In most cases, heart disease leads to a deterioration in living standards, depending on medications or devices. And in some cases - to disability, in difficult situations - to the death of the patient. This article will discuss what heart diseases are known: list and symptoms, modern methods of treatment of official and traditional medicine.
General symptoms
We will tell you what heart diseases exist: a list and symptoms, treatment - nothing will be left without attention. There are many types and subspecies of heart disease. Each case has its own characteristics and specific symptoms. But for the convenience of identifying problems in medical circles, it is customary to classify heart diseases based on common symptoms. Therefore, it is possible to identify the symptoms characteristic of most heart problems, in the presence of which a person should immediately contact a cardiologist for further examination:
- Fatigue and fatigue. Unfortunately, such a symptom occurs in almost every second person living in a metropolis. It is unlikely that anyone will pay attention to such a slight malaise. But if for you this condition was not the norm before, but appeared completely unexpectedly and extended for a long time, this is a serious cause for concern about heart health.
- Frequent pulse and palpitations. This condition is normally observed during physical exertion, anxiety, fear or excitement. But if arrhythmia manifests itself daily or even several times a day for no apparent reason, go through a specialist examination.
- Shortness of breath - shortness of breath, feeling of lack of air. This symptom occurs in 90% of people suffering from a particular heart disease.
- Dizziness, nausea, loss of consciousness, sweating, swelling. Such symptoms appear in some patients regularly, while in others they are completely absent.
- Chest pains often warn of an impending heart attack. The symptom has various manifestations: the pain can be sharp short-term or long-term “compressive”, there are feelings of heaviness, stiffness in the chest. Unpleasant sensations can spread to the shoulder girdle, left arm or leg.
It is worth noting the fact that people often do not pay attention to most body signals. In addition, far from always there is a pronounced pain syndrome of one or another heart disease. The list and symptoms in each case are individual. Neglect of one's own health worsens the performance of medical statistics: about 40% of all deaths are due to heart disease.
Causes
Why does heart disease appear? The names, the list of such problems is getting longer every day. The causes of heart disease are very different. First of all, the hereditary factor affects, as well as various disorders of a woman's pregnancy, which contribute to the formation of pathologies of the development of the fetal heart muscle.
Acquired heart problems result from malnutrition. About which particular products lead to disruptions in the functioning of the cardiovascular system, doctors are having discussions. Some believe that excessive consumption of fatty foods and simple carbohydrates adversely affects health. While other luminaries of science argue that just the absence of animal fats, oversaturation of the body with polyunsaturated acids leads to problems of the heart muscle. One way or another, we can conclude that for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, one should adhere to the golden mean in nutrition and saturate the body with various useful substances.
The lack of physical activity, the abuse of alcohol and nicotine adversely affect the health of our internal natural motor. Common are heart diseases due to nerves. The list of such health problems is increasing daily.
Concomitant ailments can also lead to heart disease. For example, metabolic disorders, blood formation and blood flow.
Heart Disease: List
Heartbeat syndrome occurs in almost every third inhabitant of the planet. Heart rate and heart rate jumps for no reason are called arrhythmia or impaired heart rate. This condition is not a disease in itself, but it has unpleasant symptoms and is considered a pronounced sign of heart problems of various origins: from a blood supply disturbance to the toxic effects of drugs.
Arrhythmia Treatment
To eliminate the problem, you need to identify the root cause and fight it. There are also medications to reduce the rhythm of the heartbeat, for example, “Disopyramide”, “Timolol”, “Verapamil”, “Magnesium sulfate” and others. They differ in the method of action and have a number of adverse reactions, contraindications. Self-administration of drugs against arrhythmia is unsafe for health.
Widely used to normalize the heart rate, decoctions and infusions of herbs. You can learn more about them in the corresponding chapter.
Heart failure
Such a condition as heart failure, just like arrhythmia, is not considered a disease, but is a consequence of malfunctioning of the heart. At the same time, the person is worried about the symptoms of heart problems, most often - shortness of breath and rapid unusual fatigue. Cyanosis of the nail plates and nasolabial triangle is also noted due to a violation of the blood supply to the tissues.
Inflammatory diseases: pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis
There are heart diseases, the list and symptoms of which are listed below, which are inflammatory in nature:
- Pericarditis - inflammation in the pericardial cavity. The cause of this problem is other diseases of the body, in particular, autoimmune and infectious. Pericarditis may also develop after an injury. There is fluid congestion in the indicated section of the heart, which leads to difficulty in contracting the muscle, disrupting its work. Within a few hours, such a complication develops to a serious form - cardiac tamponade. Pressure in the pericardial region, caused by an increase in fluid and inflammation of the walls, can limit the organ's ability to contract, until it stops completely. Pericarditis is not immediately manifested by symptoms, which also adversely affects the patient's medical prognosis. This disease is deadly.
- Myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium. The disease develops under the influence of viruses, fungi and bacteria. Often passes without severe symptoms. Recovery in this case occurs independently. According to indications, antiviral, antibacterial, immunomodulating therapy can be used. This disease is dangerous with the possible development of cardiomyopathy (stretching of the inner region of the heart muscle).
- Endocarditis is an inflammation of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart. Disease of an infectious origin. It can form even after minor at first glance surgery, for example, when a tooth is removed. Symptoms are quite pronounced:
- fever;
- high body temperature;
- joint pain
- grayish color of the skin;
- thickening of the phalanges of the fingers;
- enlarged liver and spleen;
- the development of kidney problems;
- heart murmur while listening to a stethoscope.
A disease is dangerous not only because it disrupts the heart, but also the possibility of developing complications in other organs. Such diseases of the heart are eliminated with the help of broad-spectrum antibacterial agents. Symptoms and treatment depend on the severity and general condition of the patient. The course of taking antibiotics is at least two weeks. With timely access to a doctor, the prognosis for the patient is 70% favorable. But deaths from this disease are regularly recorded. Moreover, often a fatal outcome occurs not only due to a violation of the heart, but also from the failure of the liver and kidneys.
Problems of an inflammatory nature in the tissues of the heart muscle lead to complications, fatal heart diseases develop. The list of such pathologies is regularly updated.
Coronary artery disease
Atherosclerotic heart diseases are widespread. The list and methods of their treatment are determined depending on the symptoms. So, coronary heart disease is an extremely dangerous condition. A characteristic sign is a violation of blood flow in large vessels of the body, including in the coronary arteries that supply blood to the myocardium. Coronary heart disease accounts for 90% of all heart diseases. The genetic predisposition, the elderly patient, overweight, diabetes, the use of certain medications, bad habits and the wrong lifestyle contribute to the formation of such a problem.
This disease is dangerous by the development of such pathological conditions that can lead to death:
- Heart failure.
- Arrhythmia.
- Angina pectoris.
- Myocardial infarction is a necrosis of a portion of the inner lining of the heart muscle.
- Heart failure.
Coronary heart disease treatment
Since this disease is a common problem, we pay special attention to modern methods of treating coronary heart muscle disease. Depending on the symptomatology, the doctor selects an adequate treatment, but general recommendations are as follows:
- decrease in physical activity;
- diet (reducing the amount of water and salt consumed).
Medical preparations
They treat such heart diseases with medication. The list of drugs that help improve blood flow and help break down cholesterol plaques is as follows:
- antiplatelet agents “Trombopol”, “Clopidogrel”;
- adrenoblockers “Coronal”, “Betalok”, “Dilatrend”;
- nitrates;
- anticoagulants;
- diuretics.
Surgical methods
The following surgical methods are used to treat coronary heart disease :
- Coronary bypass surgery.
- The introduction of a medical balloon.
Unfortunately, it is impossible to completely eliminate this disease today. Treatment methods are used to prevent the development of complications, including heart attack and slow the progression of coronary disease.
Congenital ailments
Congenital heart disease occurs. Names, list, symptoms depend on the nature of the pathology. In the period of fetal development of the fetus in the presence of adverse factors, the development of various disorders in the formation of the heart muscle and adjacent arteries is possible. Such birth defects are the main causes of death in newborns and children in their first year of life. Often, babies with congenital heart defects remain deeply disabled.
The main risk factor is genetic. Secondary factors are the following: environmental, viral and infectious diseases transmitted by a pregnant woman, poisoning with chemicals, abuse of nicotine, alcohol, drug use by the expectant mother.
If pathologies of the development of heart muscle in a newborn are found, surgical intervention is often prescribed according to indications. But such a cardinal method has a high level of risk. Unfortunately, the forecasts are disappointing, the probability of death or disability is very high when diagnosing a serious pathology.
Folk remedies for the treatment of heart disease
Unpleasant symptoms of heart disease are also treated with folk remedies. The names (list) of herbs and fruits that will help normalize the pulse, reduce pressure on the heart muscle, remove stagnant fluid, improve blood flow and metabolism, calm, improve sleep and increase immunity, are as follows:
- peppermint;
- Melissa;
- hawthorn;
- rosehip;
- valerian;
- calendula.
Heart disease prevention
Unfortunately, no one is immune from genetic and hereditary factors. Therefore, it is impossible to prevent congenital heart disease. The list and symptoms of such diseases should be known to everyone, and at the first suspicion, you need to contact a cardiologist for a professional examination. This significantly increases the chance of a full recovery.
In addition, a healthy lifestyle will help reduce the risk of developing heart disease. Adhere to proper nutrition, monitor your weight, actively spend leisure time, regularly undergo a medical examination, especially pay attention to the diagnosis of blood pressure, cholesterol and blood sugar.
Keep an eye on your body's signals - a timely visit to a doctor can not only improve the quality of life, but in many cases also preserve such a valuable gift.