The drug "Amoxicillin": a group of antibiotics, indications for use, instructions, analogues

In the article, we consider the group of antibiotics "Amoxicillin" and instructions for it.

Diseases of an infectious nature, if the therapy is not started promptly, can be life-threatening. "Amoxicillin" is an effective medication for a variety of bacterial lesions.

The drug is an antibiotic that belongs to antibiotics with a wide spectrum of effects, included in the group of semisynthetic penicillins. The medication is an analogue of ampicillin, but has a higher bioavailability.

Amoxicillin is active in relation to aerobic gram-positive bacteria - staphylococci, streptococci, and gram-negative - salmonella, neiseria, klebsiella, shigella.

Structure

The main active ingredient in Amoxicillin from the penicillin antibiotic group is amoxicillin trihydrate. The use of auxiliary substances allows you to give the drug a familiar look, additional properties, increase shelf life. Additional components are: potato starch, talc, polysorbate, magnesium stearate, lactose monohydrate, calcium stearate.

Pharmacological forms

The manufacturer "Amoxicillin" is available in a variety of pharmacological forms having different concentrations of the active component:

1. Powder intended for the manufacture of an intravenous injection. May have a dosage of 500, 1000 mg.
2. Coated tablets. Possible dosages are 0.5, 1 gram.
3. Powder intended for the manufacture of a suspension. Possible dosages are 125, 250, 400 mg. It is a special form of medication for the treatment of children.
4. Soluble tablets with a dosage of 0.125. 0.25, 0.375, 0.5, 0.75, 1 gram.
5. Capsules with a dosage of 0.25, 0.5 grams.
6. Ready suspension. Possible dosage is 0.15, 0.25 grams.
7. Powder intended for the manufacture of an intramuscular injection. Each vial contains 500 mg of active substance.

Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics

According to the manufacturer’s annotation, the main properties of Amoxicillin from the penicillin antibiotic group are antibacterial, bactericidal. The use of an antibiotic with a wide spectrum of effects contributes to the inhibition of transpeptidase, a change in the synthesis of peptidoglycan during periods of division and growth, and the beginning of cell destruction. The drug is characterized by rapid absorption, with a half-elimination period of 1.5 hours. After absorption, the active substance is rapidly distributed to tissues and organs. Elimination is carried out partially with bile, mainly through the kidneys.

We already know that Amoxicillin belongs to the group of penicillin antibiotics.

Indications for use

The use of antibiotics of semisynthetic origin should be exclusively on the recommendation of a specialist, strictly adhering to the prescribed doses, dosage regimens, and duration of therapy.

What helps Amoxicillin?

Bactericidal properties of the drug are observed with the following pathologies:

1. Tick-borne borreliosis.
2. Bacterial infections of the gynecological sphere.
3. Acute otitis media of the middle ear.
4. Salmonellosis.
5. Pharyngitis.
6. Leptospirosis.
7. Lesions of soft tissues, skin of infectious origin.
8. Cystitis.
9. Bronchitis.
10. Urethritis.
11. Pyelonephritis.
12. Pneumonia.
13. Gonorrhea.
14. Angina.
15. Intestinal infections.

Combined therapy with Amoxicillin from the penicillin antibiotic group and Metronidazole is used during periods of exacerbation of chronic forms of gastritis, ulcerative lesions of the duodenum caused by Helicobacter pylori. In addition, the use of the drug is indicated in the following cases:

1. Endocarditis.
2. Infection of connective, bone tissue.
3. Pathology of the stomach of bacterial origin.
4. Cholecystitis.
5. Animal bites.
6. Pathology of the genitourinary tract of infectious origin.
7. Pharyngeal abscess.
8. Pathologies of the oral cavity of bacterial etiology.
9. Tonsillitis.
10. Meningitis.
11. Listeriosis.
12. Sepsis.
13. Chronic forms of sinusitis.
14. Pathology of the digestive tract of infectious genesis.

Contraindications

Penicillin antibiotics, even in the presence of serious diseases, should be prescribed to the patient, taking into account his contraindications. The manufacturer's annotation states that the combination of Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid is unacceptable if the patient has a predisposition to jaundice, liver disease. In addition, an antibiotic is contraindicated in the following situations:

1. Bronchial asthma.
2. Respiratory infections of viral etiology.
3. Allergic diathesis.
4. Infectious mononucleosis.
5. Lymphocytic leukemia.

Also, the patient should not be prescribed medicine if he has such diseases:

1. The use of estrogen-based contraceptives.
2. Pathologies of the National Assembly.
3. A history of bleeding information.
4. Colitis.
5. Hay fever.
6. Lack of kidney function.
7. Impaired hematopoiesis.
8. Allergic manifestations.
9. Gastrointestinal pathology of infectious origin, accompanied by diarrhea.
10. Increased susceptibility to cephalosporin, penicillin preparations.

The use of "Amoxicillin"

It is important to consider that the exact dosage of the medicine should be determined by the doctor. As a rule, therapy is carried out in accordance with the following schemes:

• Patients over 12 years of age are shown to take twice or three times a day 250-500 mg of the drug. The dose of Amoxicillin should be strictly observed.
• If the infection has a severe course, an increase in dosage to 1 gram is allowed.
• The duration of therapy is 5-14 days.

It should be noted that patients with impaired renal function, it is necessary to take the drug at certain intervals of time established by a specialist.

What group of antibiotics "Amoxicillin", everyone should know.

Special instructions for use

The medication does not negatively affect the speed of reactions and the sharpness of attention, therefore, during therapy, you can control vehicles and complex mechanisms.

During treatment with the drug, it is necessary to monitor the state of the blood forming organs, liver, and kidneys.

It is recommended to continue taking the medication for another three days after the complete disappearance of the symptoms of the disease.

The occurrence of negative manifestations is an occasion for immediate medical attention.

In the absence of pathogen sensitivity to Amoxicillin components, there is a risk of superinfection.

Use in the lactation period, during pregnancy

In the lactation period, the use of an antibiotic is prohibited. If there is an urgent need for the use of the drug, it is important to first stop breastfeeding, since the active components of Amoxicillin can be excreted in breast milk and harm the baby.

The use of the drug during pregnancy has its own nuances:

1. The drug can be used only if indicated.
2. The dosage regimen, dosage should be determined by a specialist taking into account the general condition of the woman.
3. The use of the drug is allowed only after the formation of the placenta, that is, after the end of the first trimester.
4. During therapy, the doctor should monitor the patient's condition.
5. Before use, all available contraindications should be considered.

Use in the treatment of pediatric patients

In the treatment of children, as a rule, Amoxicillin Solutab is used in the form of a suspension. Prepare the drug immediately before taking. Each box of the product is equipped with a measuring spoon, in which 250 mg of the active ingredient is placed. The order of preparation of the suspension is as follows:

1. Add water to the bottle with granules.
2. Shake the solution.

Children under 2 years of age are shown to take 20 mg of the drug per kilogram of weight.

Children 2-5 years old are recommended to take 125 mg of the drug. Children from 5 years old - 500 mg. In severe infections, a dosage increase of up to 1 gram is allowed.

Amoxicillin tablets are not recommended for children under 5 years old. If the medicine is prescribed for a child who is not yet five years old (for example, at 3 years old), then granules are used, from which a suspension is prepared.

Negative effects, intoxication

Against the background of the use of an antibiotic, negative symptoms may develop:

1. Joint pain.
2. Impaired consciousness.
3. Conjunctivitis.
4. Cramps.
5. Anxiety.
6. Impaired liver function.
7. Vomiting
8. Erythematous rash.
9. Nausea.
10. Diarrhea.
11. Abdominal pain.
12. Hives.
13. Dizziness.
14. Itching
15. Insomnia.
16. Allergy.
17. Violation of intestinal microflora.
18. Loss of appetite.

If the prescribed dosages and regimens are not observed, there is a possibility of intoxication, which causes the development of such manifestations as:

1. Anorexia.
2. Hepatitis.
3. Peripheral neuropathy.
4. Eosinophilia.
5. Depression.
6. Quincke's edema.
7. Tachycardia.
8. Labored breathing.
9. Stomatitis.
10. Rhinitis.
11. Dysbacteriosis
12. Cholestatic jaundice.
13. Fever.
14. Candidiasis.
15. Hyperemia.
16. Allergic vasculitis.
17. Hemolytic anemia.
18. Anaphylactic shock.

Analogs

If necessary, "Amoxicillin" can be replaced by one of the analogues. The most popular remedies are: Amoxicillin Solutab, Verklav, Liklav, Panklav, Ranklav. Amovikomb, Arlet, Augmentin, Baktoklav, Klamosar, Medoklav, Rapiklav, Taromentin, Flemoksin Solutab, Ekoklav.

It is important to remember that these analogues have their own contraindications, and their use can cause the development of negative symptoms. In this regard, the replacement of the drug can only be done with the approval of a doctor.

Cost

The average cost of a tabletted Amoxicillin is 50 rubles, in the form of capsules - about 80 rubles, in the form of a suspension - 110 rubles. The price may vary depending on the pricing policy of the pharmacy chain and the region of distribution.

Reviews on the use of "Amoxicillin"

Almost all the reviews about the drug are positive. Patients note the onset of a quick effect, ease of use of the drug, complete recovery after the therapeutic course.

The negative responses encountered are usually associated with the fact that Amoxicillin was misused by the patient and caused side effects, or with the fact that the infectious agent that provoked the disease was resistant to the main component of the drug.

We reviewed the instructions and reviews about Amoxicillin.