Polyorix is a drug designed to prevent polio. It is part of the group of vaccines against pathogens of the first, second and third types. The consequences of poliomyelitis can be quite serious, persistent paralysis of some muscle groups is possible. Such a complication leads to disability or death, so it is important to prevent the development of the disease.
The composition of the drug, release form
Inactivated viruses, polio pathogens (type 1, 2, 3) were used as active substances. The drug is available in the form of a solution. The auxiliary components that contain the Poliorix vaccine, the instructions for use include polysorbate 80, medium 199, formaldehyde, 2-phenoxyethanol (preservative) and water for injection. The drug can be purchased in disposable and reusable vials (two and ten doses).
Vaccine properties
The drug contributes to the formation of a large number of neutralizing antibodies to viruses of various types. The necessary effect is achieved after the second injection and does not depend on the general condition of the person, immunity is produced after the third injection, it is strengthened with repeated administration of the drug and protects the person from polio for at least five years after the first revaccination.
Contraindications
You can not give an injection to people with hypersensitivity to its components. Prohibits the introduction of "Poliorix" instructions for use for those who have found an acute febrile state, in such cases, vaccination is carried out later. If after administration of inactivated vaccines of the same type (inactivated, protecting against polio), a negative reaction of the body was previously observed, the drug is not used.
Vaccine use, dosage
Injection is done into the deltoid muscle, using the method of deep intramuscular injection, to children in the first year of life - in the thigh (anterolateral region).
Before applying the vaccine, check its appearance (compliance with the description specified in the instructions, the absence of foreign particles). Spoiled vaccine is destroyed. The instruction allows taking every dose of the Poliorix vaccine only with a sterile syringe, the needle of which is also sterile. It is forbidden to leave needles in the bottle cap. The drug is taken with the same syringe, which is planned to be injected.
The drug from a multi-dose vial must be used within one working day after opening. The vaccine is stored at the temperature specified in the instructions, used in accordance with aseptic rules. Vials not used until the end of the day are destroyed, adhering to established requirements.
Vaccination Schemes
0.5 ml of solution - a single dose of Polyorix (vaccine). The instruction recommends using the drug in accordance with the national vaccination schedule for preventive purposes.
A vaccination is given at three, four, five and six months. For children of the first year of life, the instruction also recommends vaccination with Poliorix. Revaccination is performed at 18 months and 20, as well as at 14 years. The drug is administered to a child of the first year of life three times.
Side effects
Due to the simultaneous use of Polyorix and other vaccines, it is impossible to accurately determine the causal relationship that exists between the use of the drug and the development of side effects. Researchers believe that the negative reactions of the body may be associated with the introduction of Polioriksa.
A person who has been vaccinated may have impaired immune and nervous systems. Possible violations of the functioning of the digestive tract. There is a chance of loss of appetite. Common symptoms include fever, swelling, pain, and redness at the injection site.
Drug Interactions, Special Instructions
The national calendar, in accordance with which immunization is carried out, provides for the simultaneous implementation of several preventive vaccinations (against pertussis, tetanus, diphtheria). The Polyorix application manual allows administration along with vaccines that are used to protect against mumps, rubella, measles, as well as hepatitis and Haemophilus influenzae types B. Different parts of the body are selected for vaccines and the syringes are also different.
Before performing the injection of Poliorix, the necessary conditions must be provided. After vaccination, a person is observed for twenty minutes. Indoors should be funds that may be needed in the event of an anaphylactic reaction.
Before the introduction of the Poliorix vaccine, the instructions for use recommend that you familiarize yourself with the child’s history. The specialist should pay attention to information related to the previous use of the drug and the presence of side effects. Inspection before vaccination is required.
In cases where the child has developed an acute form of the disease and it is accompanied by an increase in body temperature, vaccination should be postponed. If he has an infection that is characterized by a mild course, the vaccination is not canceled.
In patients with impaired immune system after a course of immunosuppressive therapy in the presence of HIV infection or a genetic defect, the vaccine does not always provide the desired result.
People who have previously been found to have a negative reaction to the antibiotics Polymyxin and Neomycin are given the Polyorix vaccine with caution. Instructions for use show that these antibiotics are present in the preparation, and their amount corresponds to trace concentrations. Antibiotics are used in the production process of poliomyelitis drugs, they are removed almost completely.
Caution is required for disorders in the coagulation system and for thrombocytopenia, as bleeding may occur in these cases. It is important to take into account the likelihood of developing apnea and to check respiratory function for 48-72 hours during the first vaccination of a child whose birth is premature, especially if there is respiratory distress syndrome.
Children born prematurely are vaccinated until stabilization is achieved and adequate weight gain occurs. The drug is never administered intravenously; it is strictly forbidden to use this method of administration.
Reviews
Before vaccination, it is useful to read the Polyorix vaccine description. Instructions, reviews will show information regarding the use of this tool.
The reviews indicate that the vaccine is well tolerated. Sometimes for several days there is no appetite, the temperature rises slightly. Typically, polio immunity develops after the third vaccination. Each organism has its own characteristics, for this reason the result of the administration of the drug may be different. Basically, the reviews reported the absence of side effects. It is important to exclude the presence of contraindications, so that the risk of adverse reactions is minimal, and make the number of vaccinations required to develop immunity to the disease.