Kidney disease is increasingly found in medical practice. They can develop for many reasons. This includes an abnormal lifestyle, inflammatory diseases of neighboring organs, an infection of the genitourinary system and so on. In this article, we will talk about such a pathology as acute pyelonephritis. Symptoms and treatment of the disease are well known and described. In this article, we will find out the features of the correction of this pathology. It is also worth mentioning what acute pyelonephritis symptoms in children have.
Common Kidney Diseases
The inflammatory process in the membrane of the organ and the pyelocaliceal system is called pyelonephritis. This pathology can take various forms. At the moment, the following manifestations are known to medicine:
- acute pyelonephritis (symptoms and treatment will be described below);
- chronic inflammation (often does not have any manifestations);
- acute pathology (asymptomatic course of the disease, followed by the addition of symptoms).
All these forms bring a lot of discomfort to a person. That is why it is so important to diagnose in time and prescribe the right treatment. Otherwise, the patient may encounter serious complications that will lead to hospitalization and surgery.
Acute pyelonephritis
Symptoms and treatment for this disease can be different. When prescribing therapy, the patient's complaints must be taken into account. In some cases, the pathology develops from an existing disease. In this case, it is necessary to treat not only the inflammatory process, but also its cause.
Pathology develops mainly due to the multiplication of bacteria. These include microorganisms of Escherichia coli, Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococci, Staphylococci and so on. Less commonly, pathology develops due to viral damage to the organ.
Pathology most often develops due to the entry of bacteria from neighboring organs into the kidney. Less commonly, a so-called ascending acute pyelonephritis is found in a patient. Symptoms and treatment of this are somewhat different. In this case, pathogenic microorganisms penetrate the urethra into the bladder and only then affect the renal system.
Signs of the disease
Depending on the symptoms of acute pyelonephritis, appropriate treatment is prescribed. Remember that the correction should not be carried out independently. Only a qualified specialist will be able to choose the right drugs and their regimen.
Symptoms of pathology can be different. Most often, high temperature rises and pain occurs in the peritoneum. However, these symptoms may be conditional and do not always indicate an acute inflammatory process in the kidney. Consider the main signs of pathology.
Fever, or hyperthermia
Acute pyelonephritis is often manifested by fever. However, a person does not feel other signs of a cold.
The patient begins chills, sweating increases. In some cases, seizures or a delusional state are possible. If children have such acute pyelonephritis symptoms, and treatment is not carried out immediately, the consequences can be dire. In babies, such conditions can be especially dangerous. Also at risk are older people.
Pain symptom
Often acute pyelonephritis (symptoms) begins with pain. Subfebrile temperature is maintained. Unpleasant sensations can be pressing, bursting or pulling. However, more often they are sharp with backache.
Also, pain can be girdle and affect the lower abdomen. In some cases, acute pyelonephritis in women has symptoms in the form of a cutting sensation during urination and immediately after it. This may indicate the addition of cystitis. In this case we are talking about an ascending pathology.
General deterioration
Pathology is often manifested by a general malaise. In this case, the patient's digestion is disturbed. Most often, nausea and loss of appetite are observed. In more severe situations, diarrhea and vomiting may join.
Blood pressure also rises, which in itself leads to the addition of headaches, tinnitus. Sometimes the patient may lose consciousness. This condition is especially dangerous for pregnant women and young children. What are the acute pyelonephritis symptoms in infants?
Signs of pathology in children
Often, kids can not say what bothers them. In this case, parents will have to divine on the coffee grounds. Pathology in newborns and infants is manifested by severe anxiety, crying. Also, with an increase in temperature, parents do not show signs of a cold. The baby is pressing her legs to her tummy and crying angrily. Externally, this manifestation is similar to ordinary colic, but unlike gas formation, pyelonephritis does not pass on its own. Moreover, over time, the condition of the baby only worsens.
How to diagnose pathology?
If there is a suspicion of acute pyelonephritis in children, the symptoms and treatment should be related. For diagnosis, several methods are used.
- Survey and inspection. This method cannot provide reliable information about the disease. The doctor examines the patient and finds out about the disturbing symptoms. During palpation, the pain may intensify. This indirectly indicates pathology.
- Ultrasound This method is more accurate. During the study, a specialist examines the walls of the organ and determines the degree of expansion of the pyelocaliceal system. The data obtained may indicate a disease.
- Laboratory research. These include general blood and urine tests, as well as biochemistry. Often, with suspected pathology, bacterial urine is sown. According to the results, it is possible to determine the microorganisms present and to reveal their sensitivity to certain antibiotics.
- Roentgenography. This manipulation is performed much less frequently. However, it can give an accurate picture of the condition of the kidneys. During diagnosis, a contrast solution is applied, which is injected into the kidney. After that, the image of the organ is displayed on the x-ray machine.
Acute pyelonephritis: home treatment
This pathology is mainly treated within the walls of the hospital. However, many patients refuse hospitalization for various reasons. It must be remembered that this can lead to the development of complications.
- Most often, it implies a pathology such as acute pyelonephritis, antibiotic treatment. However, before prescribing drugs, laboratory studies must be carried out. Otherwise, you can only aggravate your situation. With the incorrect use of antibacterial drugs, the resistance of bacteria to an antimicrobial agent develops and the immune defense of a person decreases.
- Acute pyelonephritis (symptoms and treatment) in a healthy lifestyle journal is also described in some detail. There are indicated folk remedies for the correction. Some of them can be quite useful. However, you should not risk it and without the participation of a doctor to carry out such manipulations.
- Be sure to be associated with a disease such as acute pyelonephritis, symptoms and treatment. Diet and a specific mode are additional methods of correction. They will help to alleviate the condition of the patient and accelerate recovery.
Consider in detail what acute pyelonephritis treatment has at home.
The use of antimicrobial drugs
Quite often it is carried out with a disease such as acute pyelonephritis, treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. In this case, a preliminary analysis of the sensitivity of microorganisms is not performed. Such a correction may not be very effective and lead to a more advanced pathology.
The most appropriate appointment will be the recommendation given after a preliminary analysis. In this case, the sensitivity of certain bacteria to certain medications is clarified. Most often, doctors prescribe the following medicines: Ofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin and others.
In most cases, the effect of drugs is noticeable within one week after treatment. Within a month of such therapy, a full recovery occurs. However, doctors strongly recommend that treatment be continued for up to two months. Long-term exposure allows you to destroy all pathological microorganisms and prevent the transition of the disease into a chronic form.
Use of immunomodulators
This should not be done on your own. This correction is always combined with the use of strong drugs. Acute pyelonephritis cannot be cured by immunostimulating drugs alone.
Immunomodulators allow you to quickly cope with pathology and improve the condition of the body after prolonged use of antibiotics. Such funds include the following: “Interferon”, “Fiferon”, “Likopid”, “Kanefron”, “Isoprinosine”, “Dekaris”, “Prodigeozan” and so on. Correction can take a fairly long time (up to several months). In this case, one medication is replaced by another for a more effective action.
The use of diuretics in the treatment of pathology
Often, medications that have a diuretic effect are used to correct the pathology. Most often these are teas from medicinal herbs, for example: Brusniver, Kidney Tea, and so on.
You can also use solutions and capsule forms of drugs. Most often it is “Cyston”, “Kanefron” and others. It is worth noting that these medicines can be used during pregnancy. However, you still need to get expert advice before this.
Surgical treatment of pyelonephritis
In more advanced situations, surgery is used. It is produced under general anesthesia and can be of two types: organ-preserving or organ-bearing. In the first case, the affected kidney is decapsulated. In this case, the walls of the organ are dissected and purulent and pathological formations are removed. The doctor tries to keep healthy tissues as much as possible and not disturb the blood flow in them. The prognosis of such treatment is usually favorable. In this case, it is worth observing the patient's data of the appointment.
Complete removal of the kidney is done when there is no way to leave the organ. In this case, donor material may be used. However, there is no guarantee that he will take root. A person can live quite normally with one kidney. In this case, it will be necessary to monitor the condition of the body more carefully.
Therapeutic exercises for the disease
Pyelonephritis can be treated at home with the help of special exercises. Most often they are assigned to expectant mothers. After all, it is this group of women that is subject to the development of the inflammatory process due to increased uterine pressure on the organs.
Doctors recommend taking a knee-elbow position several times a day. This allows you to facilitate the work of the kidneys and reduce pressure on them. Also, if you have unilateral acute pyelonephritis, then you should lie and sleep only on the opposite side. Thus, you can avoid increased pressure on the diseased organ and improve the outflow of urine from it.
Diet for acute pyelonephritis
For the treatment of acute pyelonephritis, a diet and an appropriate regimen can be applied. Most often, doctors recommend observing complete rest during an illness. Especially if there are symptoms such as fever, high blood pressure, weakness, and chills.
Diet means high fluid intake. The patient needs to increase the amount of fluid consumed to two or even three liters per day. Such an effect will be positive only if the outflow of urine is not impaired. In addition to plain clean water, you can drink cranberry and lingonberry fruit drinks. Such drinks perfectly clean the urinary canals of pathogenic microbes.
Compliance with a diet involves the rejection of smoked and salted. Such products contribute to fluid retention in the body. This can only aggravate the situation. At the time of the exacerbation of the disease, it is recommended to completely eliminate salt from your diet.
It is also necessary to exclude sweets, bakery products and any allergens from the menu. It is strictly forbidden to eat tomatoes in any form, tomato. Give up alcohol. Meat and fatty broths should be excluded from the patient's diet. What can you eat with acute pyelonephritis?
Give preference to light vegetable soups and steamed foods. Eat small meals, but more often. Between each meal, drink a few glasses of water and the above fruit drinks. Refuse coffee and strong tea. These drinks can only aggravate the condition with a large increase in blood pressure.
The use of herbs: folk correction methods
It is quite dangerous to treat acute pyelonephritis with herbs. However, many patients resort to this method.
- Knotweed . This plant must be collected and thoroughly cleaned. After that, the grass is passed through a meat grinder and mixed with a small amount of liquid. The resulting solution must be squeezed through cheesecloth and drink half a glass before eating.
- Picking herbs. You can prepare the composition from bearberry, flax seeds and licorice root. Boil all the ingredients and strain. Drink the drug at 50 milligrams an hour before the next meal.
Remember that some herbs may be contraindicated for a particular patient. That is why before using them, you should still contact your doctors to get permission for such treatment.
Summing up and conclusion of the article
You now have learned a lot about a disease such as acute pyelonephritis (symptoms, treatment with herbs and other methods). Remember that pathology is quite dangerous and can lead to serious complications. That is why her treatment should be carried out in the walls of the hospital, and not engage in self-appointment. The disease is especially dangerous for young children and the elderly. To assign the correct appointments, it is worthwhile to undergo a preliminary examination. For violations of the outflow of urine, a catheter is used.
Watch your kidneys. If one of the symptoms appears, do not drag out the time, contact a specialist! Only in this case is there a possibility that the pathology will not go into a more serious form. I wish you good health!