Intestinal pneumatization - what is it? The answer to the question should be known to all adults, because this phenomenon is widespread enough. Often it is observed in children, so parents should be especially careful.
general information
Recently, such a diagnosis has been made more and more often. Naturally, ordinary people want to know the answer to the question: pneumatization of the intestine - what is it? After all, the ability to determine the pathology in time and seek help affects the duration and effectiveness of treatment.
Nowadays, this diagnosis is made to almost every third patient who comes to check the gastrointestinal tract in the clinic. Once in this situation, first of all check with doctors how to restore intestinal motility. This will help to avoid complications.
Is intestinal pneumatization dangerous? What does this name hide behind itself? The diagnosis is usually not associated with a serious risk. Nevertheless, the violations present significantly worsen the quality of life of the patient. The most unpleasant symptoms are diarrhea, gas, bloating. With such a disease, changes are observed in the structure of the intestinal walls. Often, affected areas become the site of the formation of cavities in which air accumulates. In addition, there is a risk of cysts.
Intestinal pneumatization - what is it in perspective?
With the progression of pathology and the lack of proper treatment over time, the disease encompasses the lymph nodes. The mesentery suffers, and lesions penetrate the abdominal cavity.
It is difficult to predict all the possible consequences and complications of such, as it seems at first, a harmless phenomenon. To this day, science has not studied exactly what a similar pathology of the gastrointestinal tract can lead to and what additional negative processes in the body it activates.
Note!
Why does increased intestinal pneumatization appear? There are many reasons for medicine, but the most common are gastric diseases. And sometimes it's all about infection of tissues.
Often the disease is accompanied by cramping, and in some patients they are quite painful. There is a violation of the stool in an adult patient.
The disease often manifests itself in very young children. Risk group - babies who have had intestinal infectious diseases.
Features
Statistics show that increased pneumatization of the intestine in most cases is not diagnosed as an independent disease, but is detected against the background of other pathologies.
Most often, this phenomenon is associated with intestinal obstruction. When making this diagnosis, the patient is prescribed surgery, during which pneumatization is accidentally detected.
Classification
Doctors distinguish two subtypes of the disease:
- widespread (extensive);
- limited (local).
Often there is a limited type in which the pathological process is localized in the wall of the small intestine. But in the second form, the disease covers the entire intestine.
The most susceptible areas are:
With both types of diseases, changes in the intestinal mucosa occur, provoking the appearance of cysts. Such neoplasms can accumulate in one zone or evenly distributed throughout the intestinal wall.
Causes of the disease
The following reasons for the development of this gastrointestinal pathology are distinguished:
- intestinal obstruction;
- cramping
- increased pressure in the abdominal cavity;
- violation of peristalsis and associated increased flatulence;
- infection by pathogens of intestinal diseases;
- the penetration of air through the wall of the intestine;
- sedentary lifestyle, sedentary work;
- impaired functioning of intestinal lymphatic capillaries.
Medical practice indicates that the treatment of the disease is not simple, therefore prevention is much more effective, which helps prevent the development of pathology.
How to suspect something was wrong?
In what cases should I visit a doctor and undergo a comprehensive examination? If a person notes increased flatulence in himself, then this is a serious reason to think: is everything all right in the body. As a rule, this symptom appears suddenly, sharply.
Another obvious manifestation of pathology is constipation. How strongly it is expressed is determined by the degree of bowel damage. What part of the gastrointestinal tract was under attack also plays a role.
Since the disorder is characterized by disorders such as bloating and gas, the intestinal walls expand over time, which suddenly causes a cramping pain syndrome that rolls without warning. Also, the patient regularly notes discomfort, unpleasant, even painful sensations in the intestine.
Symptoms include diarrhea. Some patients complain of colic.
Severe cases
The most difficult situation is the occurrence of intestinal obstruction associated with a cyst in the anus. In some patients, against the background of pathology, the intestinal lumen is completely blocked.
Another difficult scenario is a bowel rupture, provoked by increased pressure of gases accumulated inside. In this case, the contents of the intestine are poured into the abdominal cavity, which leads to inflammation.
Not knowing how to restore intestinal motility, by tightening the call to the doctor, you can bring yourself to peritonitis. And the treatment of this inflammatory disease is complex and does not always give positive results, even with timely treatment.
Diagnostic technique
In the classic version, the doctor studies the symptoms, establishes the features of the clinical picture and palpates the abdominal cavity. This helps to identify air-filled cavities or cysts. Often, tumors stretch along the abdomen, like a rope.
To clarify the diagnosis, an endoscopy is prescribed, giving a real idea of the degree of neglect of the process. At an early stage, you can resort to x-rays.
Treatment methods
If the diagnosis showed that there is pneumatization of the intestine, then complex treatment is practiced. First of all, they prescribe a special diet, as well as identify concomitant diseases. Therapy is aimed at eliminating the primary causes of the disease.
Antibiotics and antiseptics are prescribed if it is possible to identify an intestinal infection. It is strictly forbidden to take such medications on your own in cases of suspected pneumatization, as this can provoke an aggravation of the situation, up to the need for urgent hospitalization.
With intestinal obstruction, an operation is prescribed. For constipation, it is recommended to use laxatives and follow the meal schedule.
The most effective combination of drugs and diet. The patient should remember that a number of popular products are difficult to tolerate by the intestines even in a healthy state - such food should be avoided.
Diet features
With increased gas formation, doctors recommend that you carefully monitor the diet. In particular, the following products should be completely or almost completely eliminated:
All their subspecies, including lentils, are rich in complex proteins, which the body assimilates with great difficulty. In addition, these products stimulate the formation of gases in the intestines.
Due to the increased concentration of fiber and the abundance of extractive components should be excluded from the daily menu:
For the same reason, it is not recommended to consume kiwi and garlic.
Bloating and flatulence are the result of intestinal fermentation. Therefore, you should avoid such products:
Do not get involved in raisins, as it also provokes increased fermentation, which turns into a problem with impaired intestinal motility.
From meat products should be excluded from your diet:
Do not abuse mushrooms, as these products are difficult to digest in the stomach and begin to rot before the enzymes have time to break them down. Nutritionists also recommend avoiding carbonated drinks and all foods rich in carbohydrates.
What is allowed?
Due to the above list of restrictions, it may seem that there is nothing at all to do. In fact, this is not so - the variety of foods and dishes allowed and even recommended for disorders of intestinal motility is great.
Extremely useful boiled cereals from water cereals:
Before use, it is recommended that any products be steamed or boiled. You can stew. But fried should not be eaten. Only flour products that were made from raw materials can be eaten.
To achieve the maximum positive effect from the diet, you must eat strictly according to the schedule. Such a regimen will help normalize the production of gases in the intestines, and will improve the health of the body. It should be taken in small portions, but at least six times a day.
They eat slowly, chewing thoroughly all the food. Remember that during conversations while eating, a person involuntarily swallows air, which only exacerbates the situation. It is recommended to eat at the same time every day.
What drugs help?
With pneumatization of the intestine, antibiotics and some other drugs taken under the supervision of a doctor are beneficial. It is important that the doctor constantly monitors the patient's condition in order to avoid additional complications.
Prebiotic treatment is common. This is the name given to drugs that stimulate the growth of colonies of beneficial bacteria in the intestine. Problems with peristalsis are often provoked by a violation of microflora, and such medications give a good result. Otherwise, all those particles that do not break down under the influence of gastric juice decompose in the intestine with the formation of gases.
Enzyme preparations are another group of medicines in demand for problems with peristalsis. They improve digestion and normalize the digestion of foods.
Remarkable results are shown with choleretic drug therapy. If the disease is associated with spasms, drotaverine-based drugs will come to the rescue. But if the appearance of gases is accompanied by the production of foaming mucus, drugs that contain simethicone will help. The best result can be achieved by combining drug therapy, proper nutrition and control of work and rest.