Diseases of the neonatal period always require special attention. This is especially true of infectious lesions. Due to the fact that the baby’s body is still poorly adapted to the new environment, and the immune system is still imperfect, inflammatory pathologies can lead to dangerous complications. This is especially true for premature infants, as well as children who are breast-fed. These babies are at risk and require increased attention from medical personnel.
An example of an infectious lesion is: vesiculopustulosis in newborns, pemphigus, omphalitis, etc. These diseases require hospitalization of the baby in a children's hospital, since without timely treatment they can lead to the development of sepsis.
What it is?
Vesiculopustulosis in newborns is a fairly common disease. It refers to infectious lesions of the skin. The main manifestations of the disease are the appearance of a pustular rash on the body and a mild intoxication syndrome. For breast-fed infants who have normal body weight in the absence of other pathologies, vesiculopustulosis is usually not dangerous.
With timely treatment, symptoms quickly regress, no complications are observed. However, one should be wary if the disease is difficult to treat, and the baby's condition worsens. In these cases, it often turns out that, in addition to skin lesions, there is also some kind of infectious pathology, most often congenital.
Vesiculopustulosis in newborns: causes
The disease refers to purulent-septic pathologies characteristic of this period. Many bacteria can cause vesiculopustulosis in newborns. The causative agents of the disease are Gram (+) cocci, E. coli. In most cases, the disease causes a staph infection. In addition, factors that contribute to the development of purulent-septic processes are distinguished. For example, congenital vesiculopustulosis in newborns is almost always associated with intrauterine infections transmitted to the baby from the mother. Among them, the herpes simplex virus, CMV, chlamydia, etc.
Other causes of vesiculopustulosis include:
- Inadequate skin care for the baby. With constant wrapping in warm clothing, the newborn often develops sweating. If the baby’s folds are processed untimely (use a powder, baby cream), then a bacterial infection may join. As a result, vesiculopustulosis develops.
- Decreased immunity in a child. Most often observed in premature infants or in babies with intrauterine infection. It should be remembered that breastfeeding contributes to the normal development of the immune system of newborns.
- Non-observance of the hygiene of mother and baby (rare bathing, changing diapers, tight swaddling).
- High temperature and humidity in the room.
Symptoms of vesiculopustulosis in newborns
Most often, vesiculopustulosis develops in the first month of the baby's life. Usually it is preceded by sweating - the appearance of redness in the skin folds (armpits, neck, inguinal region). The first rashes may appear on the face. The disease occurs as a result of blockage of sweat glands and infection. First, vesicular elements (vesicles) filled with transparent contents appear on the skin of the baby. Later, the rash spreads throughout the body. Often vesicles and pustules appear on the scalp, stomach, legs, and in the inguinal and axillary folds.
If the disease is not treated on time, then the contents of the vesicles become purulent. Rashes independently open, leaving a hyperemic surface. Later, crusts appear on the site of pustular elements, healing occurs. Often, vesiculopustulosis in newborns is not accompanied by symptoms of intoxication. Sometimes subfebrile temperature, lethargy can be observed.
Differential diagnosis for vesiculopustulosis
Vesiculopustulosis can often be confused with other skin diseases. This is due to the fact that many dermatological pathologies begin with similar symptoms, passing over time into more severe forms. These diseases include infectious and allergic dermatitis, pemphigus newborns. Vesiculopustulosis is characterized by a mild intoxication syndrome (sometimes it is completely absent), the size and nature of the rashes. It should be noted that it almost always occurs against the background of sweating and spreads after bathing the baby. When conducting OAC and OAM, no changes are observed, unlike other pathologies. If the disease is not amenable to therapy, then the analysis of the contents of the rashes is performed to select antibacterial drugs.
Vesiculopustulosis: treatment of a newborn in a hospital
Despite the fact that the disease is not accompanied by a serious condition of the baby, the child must be hospitalized. This is necessary for accurate diagnosis and treatment effectiveness. In most cases, neonatal vesiculopustulosis does not require antibiotic therapy. Most often, sufficient local treatment. Rashes are treated with a solution of fucorcin, brilliant green. The skin of the baby is gently wiped, bathing is contraindicated.
The folds are treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, furatsilina. If the treatment does not help, then a more thorough diagnosis is carried out (for the presence of intrauterine infections). Prescribe antibacterial drugs: "Cefazolin", "Penicillin."
Prevention of complications of vesiculopustulosis
With the rapid healing and improvement of the baby's condition, it is possible to accurately diagnose newborns vesiculopustulosis. Photos of skin rashes with this disease can be seen in special textbooks on neonatology. To avoid complications of vesiculopustulosis, it is necessary to carefully process new vesicles, not to bathe a child, wash hands before taking a baby. Primary prevention of the disease includes breastfeeding and proper newborn hygiene.