In Russia, as in many other countries of the world, antibiotics are dispensed without a prescription. On the one hand, this simplifies treatment, and on the other hand, due to human disorder, it strengthens the immunity of bacteria to drugs.
What is an antibiotic?
This word has an ancient Greek origin and consists of two roots: “anti” - against, and “bios” - life. An antibiotic is a substance that can be of synthetic, semi-synthetic or natural origin. Its main function is to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria or inhibit their reproduction.
Antibiotic drugs for children are mainly prescribed as the prevention of a disease. In no case should you abuse antibiotics, as the baby may develop thrush.
Broad-spectrum antibiotic agents can be administered by injection, that is, intravenously, intramuscularly or into the cerebrospinal fluid. An abscess on the skin or wound can be lubricated with an antibiotic ointment. You can take oral drugs - syrups, tablets, capsules, drops.
It is necessary to remind once again that antibiotic agents do not act on viral infections. That is why it is inappropriate to use them in the treatment of diseases such as hepatitis, herpes, influenza, chickenpox, measles and rubella.
Broad-spectrum antibiotics
The list of antibiotics of this series: Tetracycline, Streptomycin, Ampicillin, Imipenem, cephalosporins, Levomycetin, Neomycin, Kanamycin, Monomycin, Rifampicin.
The very first known antibiotic is Penicillin. It was opened at the beginning of the twentieth century, in 1929.
What is an antibiotic? This is a substance of microbial, animal or plant origin, which is designed to suppress the vital activity of certain microorganisms. They can either inhibit their reproduction, that is, have a bacteriostatic effect, or they can kill them at the root, that is, have a bactericidal effect.
However, not everyone knows that modern broad-spectrum antibiotic agents are powerful enough not only to neutralize all pathogens, but also to harm the beneficial microflora of the gastrointestinal tract. For example, dysbiosis can be caused by too large a dosage of antibacterial agents. Even in a hospital, this disease is treated quite hard and for a long time.
It must be recalled that, in addition to medical antibiotics, there are also alternative antibacterial agents. These include garlic, radish, onions and green tea.
It is these antibiotics that should be addressed primarily for colds and flu.
List and action of antibacterial agents
1) Penicillin inhibits the synthesis of proteins in bacterial walls.
2) Erythromycin is effective in the fight against gram-positive microorganisms.
3) An excellent bactericidal drug - "Tetracycline."
4) Metromidazole - effective in the fight against trichomonads, amoeba, giardia and anaerobes.
5) Quinalones help to cope with pneumonia and various infections.
6) Chloramphenicol is often used to treat an infection that is resistant to penicillin.
Five generations of antibiotics can help with various infections. Popular medications often used by doctors are broad-spectrum antibacterial agents.
What are the rules for taking antibacterial agents
What is an antibiotic? Based on the name, it can be suggested that the main purpose of medicines is to suppress the growth or destruction of bacteria and fungi. Medications can be of artificial or natural origin. A feature of the use of an antibiotic is a directed, and most importantly, effective, effect on the bacteria that cause the disease. However, it is completely harmless to viruses.
Each antibiotic, the instructions for which are individual, can be effective only if a number of rules are observed.
1) Only a doctor will make a correct diagnosis, therefore, at the first symptoms of the disease, you should consult a specialist.
2) What is an antibiotic? A medicine that affects specific pathogens. For each disease, you must take the necessary and prescribed drugs that will be effective in this diagnosis.
3) In no case should you skip taking the prescribed medications. It is imperative to complete the course of treatment. Also, treatment should not be completed at the first sign of improvement. Moreover, many modern antibiotics provide only a three-day course of treatment that requires taking tablets once a day.
4) Do not copy the medications prescribed by your doctor or take antibiotics for similar (according to the sick person) indications. Self-medication can be a life-threatening step. Symptoms of diseases can be similar, while the right diagnosis can only be made by a specialist.
5) No less dangerous is the use of medicines that have not been prescribed to you personally. Such treatment significantly complicates the diagnosis of the disease, while delaying the start of the necessary treatment can have undesirable consequences.
6) Parents should be especially careful. They should not insist that the doctor prescribe antibacterial agents to the baby. Also, in no case should antibiotics be given to the child if the attending physician has not prescribed such drugs.
When are antibiotics ineffective?
Antibacterial agents are used when the disease is caused by bacterial bacilli. So, in some cases, antibiotic drugs are not prescribed.
So when are antibacterials powerless? Then, when the cause of the disease is a virus. It should be noted that even an ordinary viral cold can pass with various bacterial complications. The question of which antibiotics to take, in this case, is taken by the doctor.
In viral diseases such as flu or colds, antibacterial agents are powerless.
What is an antibiotic? A substance that inhibits cell growth. Therefore, antibiotics will not remove the inflammatory process, since it is not associated with a bacterial infection.
Antibacterial agents will not be able to lower the temperature or relieve pain, since they are not antipyretic or analgesics.
The reason for coughing can be anything from a virus to asthma. Antibiotics can rarely help, and only a doctor can prescribe them.
What antibiotics to drink if the temperature rises?
Doctors are often asked what antibiotics to drink at a temperature. Let's figure it out.
To begin with, fever is not a disease. On the contrary, it is a protective reaction of the body to the invasion of pathogenic microbes into it and helps to increase the protective functions of the body. Therefore, it is necessary to fight not with high temperature, but with those bacteria that provoked it. Therefore, antibiotics are drunk at a temperature depending on which microorganisms caused its increase.
Antibiotics for angina
Angina is a disease caused by a viral or bacterial infection. It is most common after flu and colds.
So, what antibiotics to treat sore throat?
If we are talking about a bacterial infection, then it is mainly treated with drugs such as Penicillin and Amoxicillin. Since these drugs effectively fight bacteria, besides them, you can take the course of Erythromycin, Sumamed, Benzylpenicillin or Klacida.
Listing what antibiotics to treat sore throat, doctors often call other drugs. For example, such as Flemoxin Solutab, Amosin, Hikontsil and Ecobol.
What is antibiotic sensitivity?
The sensitivity of various microorganisms to antibiotics refers to such a property of microorganisms when they die or stop their reproduction in response to the action of the drug.
In order for treatment with antibacterial agents to be successful, especially if the infection is chronic, you first need to determine how sensitive the bacteria are to the antibiotics that caused the disease.
The minimum concentration of the drug, which slows down the development of infection, is a measure of the sensitivity of microorganisms to the antibiotic. In medicine, there are three categories of resistance of microbes:
a) Microbes are highly resistant, which are not suppressed, even if the maximum dose of the drug is introduced into the body.
b) Moderate resistance of microbes is when they are suppressed, if the body received the maximum dose of the drug.
c) Microbes with poor resistance die with the introduction of moderate doses of the antibiotic.
What are the side effects of taking antibacterials?
Nausea, rash, diarrhea, constipation - all these are the possible consequences of taking antibiotics. The side effect of the drug can be very diverse, but in different cases it can vary in strength.
The consequences of taking antibiotics depend on factors such as the properties of the drug itself, its form and dose, on the duration of administration, as well as on the individual properties of the body.