"Tamsulosin" is an antidysuric drug and is used as a symptomatic modulator of the urination process in urological diseases caused by non-cancerous prostate cell tumors. The reaction mechanism is expressed in a gradual decrease in tension in the smooth muscles of the prostate gland, as well as in relaxation of the neck of the bladder. In addition, selective blocking of urethral alpha-1A-adrenergic receptors occurs, as a result of which the effects of obstruction, a natural consequence of the development of adenoma, are minimized.
Pharmacological features of Tamsulosin
Absorption of the active components of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract can reach 100%. It has been experimentally confirmed that absorption levels increase if capsules are taken immediately after eating. The degree of assimilation is proportional to the time elapsed since the use of the drug (that is, linear kinetics takes place). The peak concentration of reagents in blood plasma is reached after six hours (at a single dose of 400 mcg). However, this time period may vary depending on the age of the patient.
It was noted that with a course of five days, the concentration of components in the plasma increases by 60-70%. Tamsulosin hydrochloride enters the metabolic processes rather slowly: assimilation is accompanied by the formation of stable metabolites, which are highly selective for alpha-1A-adrenergic receptors.
Indications for use
The drug "Tamsulosin" classifies the instructions for use as a tool for the treatment of benign symptomatic hyperplasia (adenoma, dysuria, other diseases of the lower genitourinary tract).
Since clinical studies did not reveal any critical reactions when interacting with other substances of the indicated pharmacological group, there are no restrictions regarding the use of Tamsulosin as an auxiliary catalyst in the selective selective blocking of alpha-1a-adrenergic receptors.
Recommended dosage and method of application
The absence of a hypotensive effect is a characteristic feature of the Tamsulosin preparation. The instructions for use state that there is no need to select a dose as such - it is enough to take 400 micrograms of the drug orally after breakfast (2 capsules / tablets weighing 200 micrograms each or 1 capsule / tablet weighing 400 micrograms). Moreover, this daily norm does not need to be adjusted, even if the patient has slight deviations in the work of the kidneys or liver. Nevertheless, the start of the therapeutic course must be preceded by an accurate diagnosis in order to exclude the likelihood of prostate carcinoma. Also, rectal examinations are mandatory throughout the treatment.
Tamsulosin capsules and tablets should not be chewed - a violation of the membrane can adversely affect the release rate of active reagents. Immediately after taking the drug, it is recommended to drink it with water. It is strictly forbidden to use Tamsulosin while lying down.
Existing restrictions and contraindications
The drug "Tamsulosin", the price of which, depending on the manufacturer and the packaging format, ranges from 400-1700 rubles, is intended exclusively for men. Therefore, studies regarding its effect on the fetus during pregnancy have not been conducted. For these tablets, only prescription leave is provided, that is, the diagnosis of benign hyperplasia should be made during the examination (with a mandatory preliminary check for oncology).
Among the contraindications is hypersensitivity to the components of the Tamsulosin preparation (the instructions for use contain a detailed list of all auxiliary reagents). It is highly undesirable to use this remedy for orthostatic hypotension and chronic diseases of the kidneys or liver (in such cases, the attending physician must assess the potential benefits of Tamsulosin and determine the extent of the possible negative consequences of the therapeutic course).
With regular admission, slight dizziness is permissible, which is sometimes replaced by a fainting state. Drivers of vehicles and workers whose professional responsibilities pose a risk of personal injury should be very careful when using this substance.
Side effects
Like any other medication, Tamsulosin also has side effects (the price of male health is high and allergic manifestations are insignificant, so side effects should not be considered as a significant drawback).
In parallel with the healing effect, the following can occur:
- headaches;
- irritation of the skin;
- prolonged diarrhea;
- cardiac arrhythmias;
- pelvic pain.
Sometimes Tamsulosin, whose analogues are widely available on the market, causes patients insomnia or, conversely, excessive drowsiness. In isolated cases - a temporary violation of the stool and a weakening of potency.
Overdose, its manifestations and neutralization
A symptom of an overdose resulting from taking the drug Tamsulosin (instructions for use warns about this) may be pronounced acute arterial hypotension. And although the likelihood of such a scenario is extremely small, the assistance algorithm is nevertheless compiled:
- immediately give the patient a horizontal position;
- if necessary, carry out a set of measures aimed at normalizing the work of the cardiovascular system of the body;
- to check the functions of the kidneys (connecting an artificial blood purification apparatus is impractical, since the active substance is perfectly bound to plasma protein compounds);
- induce vomiting in the patient in order to stop further absorption of the reagents (gastric lavage with the parallel use of laxatives is also relevant);
- in the absence of dynamics of improvement, apply medications that stimulate blood circulation.
Drug interaction: the nature of the reactions
"Warfarin" and "Diclofenac" qualitatively affect the rate of withdrawal of the drug "Tamsulosin" from the body (the price of the medicine is considerable, but the result is worth it). However, long-term observations regarding the joint use of these drugs in a hospital setting were not carried out, which is why it is recommended to be very careful. “Atenolol” and “Enalapril” do not interact with the specified substance, “Cimetidine” promotes an increase in the concentration of “Tamsulosin” in the plasma, and “Furosemide” gives the exact opposite result.
The process of lowering blood pressure, provoked by taking the medication, can be enhanced by the parallel use of other alpha-1A-blockers or diuretics and anesthetics. The instructions for use (the price of the above funds is 500-1400 rubles) are not determined by the drug Tamsulosin on the pharmacological kinetics of the free diazepam and chlormadinone fractions.
Storage conditions and shelf life
On the storage conditions of the drug "Tamsulosin" instruction reports the following:
- safe temperature - 15-25 degrees Celsius;
- optimal air humidity - 70%.
A prerequisite is the storage of the substance in the original factory packaging (out of the reach of children, which is well protected from direct sunlight).
By following all the instructions, the manufacturer guarantees that the therapeutic effect of Tamsulosin will not weaken within two years from the date of its release.
Analogs of the drug "Tamsulosin"
The list of “understudies” is presented by two groups of medicines. The first includes drugs that are often found, the second - rare trade names.
Public Tools:
- "Omnic" (in the original - Omnic), manufacturer - Netherlands, release form - tablets / capsules of 10/30 pieces per pack, price range - 380-1700 rubles.
- Proflosin, Germany, blister packs of 30 capsules each, an estimated cost of 500 rubles.
- "Sonizin" (Sonizin), country of origin - Romania, standard packaging of 10 or 30 capsules, average price - 450 rubles.
Other trade names for Tamsulosin (analogues that are less common, or release forms have already been discontinued):
- "Omsulosin" (Omsulosin), India, 0.4 mg capsules (30 pcs.), The price ranges from 350 to 550 rubles.
- Tamsulosin-TEVA, product of Famar-Actavis, Greece, packaging and price are the same as in the previous case.
- "Tamsulosin-Retard" ("understudy" with delayed release of components), the production line is established in Russia, tablets 400 mcg, cost - about 300-360 rubles.
"Tamsulosin": reviews of doctors and patients
Therapeutic therapy using this drug, as a rule, is successful and is expressed in a regression of manifestations characteristic of non-malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland.
After about 90 days, the symptomatology decreases by 2 times, and the first noticeable changes are observed already at 14-21 days. At the end of the course, the symptom index drops by 75% (compared to the starting stage), which, of course, is an acceptable result.
The excellent tolerability of the drug "Tamsulosin" (instructions, price and the most common generics are presented above) makes it very convenient to use when prescribing treatment to patients. However, to achieve the maximum effect, the potential of the substance is not enough, therefore, parallel therapy using other methods and pharmaceutical products is recommended.