Pulse is a periodic fluctuation in the volume of blood vessels, which is associated with contractions of the heart and is due to the dynamism of their blood supply and pressure during the 1st cardiac cycle.
Arterial pulse is usually determined by palpation of a large artery, radiation most often. It lies superficially in the lower quarter of the forearms immediately before their articulation with the wrist joints and can easily be pressed to the radius. Three fingers are placed on the artery and squeezed with varying strength until the complete cessation of strong blood flow; then they gradually reduce the pressure on the artery, evaluating the most basic properties of the pulse: height, filling, frequency, rhythm, tension and features of pulse waves, which are detected better with graphic recordings of the pulse. Changes in these properties make it possible to identify various diseases.
People often have a low pulse. What to do, because this already refers to the hypotonic state? It can be found both in young and in old age. It is physiological and can act as a pathological change. It occurs in very strong and healthy people. This is due to a hereditary predisposition, as well as constitutional features of the body.
What to do with a low heart rate is of interest to many. After all, it can appear during periods of acclimatization and adaptation of the body: when moving somewhere high up in the mountains, in countries with a hot climate, in northern latitudes. A sharp drop in heart rate under such conditions is explained by a rather low oxygen content in the atmosphere, low or high air temperature and other features.
Causes of Low Heart Rate
The main causes of low heart rate are pathological changes that occur in the heart, reflex bradycardia, and an overdose of medications.
Pathological changes are caused by serious diseases in the cardiac system - ischemic disease, arterial hypertension, acute heart attack, heart disease. If the pulse is low, what should be done, of course, should be advised by doctors. It is nevertheless necessary to conduct immediate comprehensive treatment. Hospitalization may be necessary so that the situation is under the supervision of specialists.
Reflex bradycardia often occurs with mechanical effects on the chest and neck (drop, stroke), when the water is at a fairly low temperature, and also with pain syndromes.
Low blood pressure also causes a very low heart rate.
What to do
If you have a low heart rate, what should I do? To restore a normal heart rate, you need to take some medications prescribed by your doctor for a moderate increase in pressure. You cannot appoint yourself any means on your own.
Effectively help tonic drinks (coffee, energy cocktail, strong tea) containing caffeine. Usually they tone the muscles of the heart and slightly increase blood pressure. You can also take guarana, ginseng. A mustard plaster on the chest helps if you have a low pulse. What to do with a high heart rate, consider further.
Big pulse. What to do?
It is accepted to consider it a high pulse when the frequency is greater than 90 in 1 minute. In medicine, it is referred to by the term “tachycardia”.
Causes of tachycardia:
- Endocrine diseases, pheochromocytoma, thyrotoxicosis.
- Vegetative disorders.
- Intoxication of the body, smoking, digitalis intoxication, alcohol abuse, infectious diseases, etc.
- Heart disease.
- Congenital heart disease and WPW syndrome.
- Anemia is chronic and acute.
If you feel an increased heart rate, and its measurement has proved this, you should immediately call an ambulance. Before her arrival, you can try to normalize tachycardia. Closing the eyes, do eye massage with two fingers or, having gained full chest air, cover the mouth and nose with your hands while trying to exhale. Take valocordin or corvalol (15-25 drops). If you can’t see a doctor, take 40 mg of obzidan or 50 mg of atenolol.