First of all, it should be clarified that the concepts of “colitis” and “colic” are different, since the first disease is associated with inflammation of the intestine, and the second is an abnormal bowel reaction. So, summing up, we can give the following definition: colitis is an inflammatory disease of the colon mucosa. This pathology can occur in acute and chronic form. Acute colitis "occurs" spontaneously and quickly, accompanied by obvious pain symptoms and functional disorders of the whole organism, while chronic ones are very protracted, being as if in a sleeping state, but at the same time prone to unexpected relapses. A logical question arises, why does colitis occur or worsen , the treatment of which should be timely. The reasons for the progression of this disease are considered the following: first of all, it is the penetration of pathogenic microbes into the internal environment of a person, as an option, an intestinal infection, which begins to destroy the walls of the large or small intestine. Another possible cause of an exacerbation of such an ailment as colitis is antibiotic treatment (usually long-term). What does it mean? The patient took antibacterial drugs for some kind of third-party disease (for example, otitis media, sinusitis or pneumonia), as a result of which the drugs provoked an exacerbation of colitis, since a long course of antibiotics significantly irritates the large intestinal mucosa. In addition, worms, dysbiosis, intoxication of the body, as well as food allergies and even a hereditary factor can cause colitis.
So, what is the dynamics of this disease, having studied which, it is possible to predict the course of productive treatment? Harmful microbes entering the body from the environment cause damage to the colon, which explains the appearance of an internal inflammatory process. The wall of the intestine noticeably swells and its usual contraction is disrupted. There is an unpleasant urge to defecate (feces may have impurities of blood and mucus), abdominal pain. Toxic substances released by pathogenic bacteria enter the bloodstream, leading to fever.
It is possible to diagnose colitis exclusively by laboratory means, having passed an analysis of feces to begin with. What for? It is this study that gives a complete picture of the intestines and the presence of infection. Also, after a visual examination, the doctor recommends irrigoscopy (x-ray of the intestine), colonoscopy (x-ray of the intestine) and sigmoidoscopy (visual examination of the intestine). Once the disease has been accurately diagnosed, colitis should be prescribed immediately. In this case, drug therapy is largely determined by the cause of intestinal inflammation, but in any case, the patient is recommended a special diet.
So, if acute colitis is detected, treatment begins with the immediate hospitalization of the patient. Then he is prescribed antibacterial or antiparasitic therapy, as well as a number four diet and constant monitoring by specialists. In addition, against the background of acute colitis, diseases such as gastritis and enteritis can progress, therefore, an integrated approach is needed to suppress all inflammatory processes of the diseased organism.
If spastic colitis has been diagnosed , treatment should also be comprehensive. First of all, it should be noted that in this case there is a violation of the motor function of the colon and small intestine due to regulation disorders. Here, pathogenic factors of a possible relapse are conflict situations, allergies, fears, hormonal disorders. This form of the disease is easier to prevent than to treat. To do this, it is necessary to exclude stressful situations, and if they arise, try to keep yourself in control and not be nervous. But if the disease has already progressed, many try to cure it on their own using various methods of alternative medicine. But it should be borne in mind that regardless of the form of such a disease as colitis, treatment should proceed only under the supervision of a knowledgeable specialist.