The discipline called "Elementary Theory of Music" is intended for study in art schools. The course consists of several sections, among which: musical notation, means of expression, triads, intervals, meter, rhythm and size, alteration, fret and its elements, tonality, etc. Knowledge of the basics of the subject “Elementary Music Theory” is very important for the successful work of the future artist. Since all the theoretical information presented in this discipline is directly related to their practical application.
Sound
Every day we hear birds singing, talking, the noise of cars, etc. All these are sounds that fill the world around us. In turn, they are divided into musical and noise. Sound can be attributed to a physical phenomenon that occurs as a result of vibration of a certain body. A person perceives it as a sensation generated by the brain due to irritation of the auditory organ. Musical sounds have three qualities: volume, pitch and timbre. An important characteristic is also the duration. This indicator depends directly on the duration of the oscillation of a particular sound source. The elementary theory of music reveals the concept of "scale". It is widely used in theory and tool science. This is the name of the arrangement of sounds in height, each of which is called a "step". Seven of them have independent names that are known to many of us: do, re, mi, fa, salt, la, si. Each of the steps can be increased by half a ton. At the same time, a sharp sign will appear near the note. It can also be lowered, which will be indicated by a "flat". The part of the scale, which consists of the seven steps described above, is called the “octave” - this is the distance between two identical sounds of different heights.
Sheet music
The elementary theory of music uses certain signs to denote sounds. They are called notes. Signs are written on a musician - a system consisting of five horizontally arranged rulers. The score is usually kept up to down. To determine a more accurate pitch, a special sign is used - the key.
It is drawn on one of the lines of the musical staff . The most common treble clef in music practice . It is located on the second notch of the musician.
Duration
In music theory, an oval is used to denote tones - filled or empty. Calm (stick on the side) with or without a tail can be added to it. The theory of music suggests using an unpainted oval to depict a whole note - the longest -. Half note is half as long. She is portrayed using an unpainted oval with a calm. A quarter is half the length of the above half length. She is depicted using a painted oval with a calm. Twice shorter than her eighth. On a stave, it looks like a painted oval with a calm and a tail.
There are also sixteenth, sixty fourth and thirty second durations. They are formed by adding additional tails to the calm.
Pauses
The theory of electronic music, as well as classical, uses these signs to indicate the boundaries of thematic constructions, phrases, motives, as well as to enhance the artistic expressiveness of the composition. They are recorded on the musician with certain characters corresponding to the duration of certain notes. A pause translates as silence.