In recent years, hypertension has become a common disease not only among the elderly, but also among the young. The danger of high blood pressure is that blood vessels and the heart are damaged. And in the future, serious consequences cannot be ruled out - heart attack, stroke, cardiac, renal failure, angina pectoris. To prevent such dangerous pathologies allows regular maintenance of pressure within normal limits. Without drugs, especially with severe hypertension, this is not always possible. Only effective drugs to lower blood pressure can help.
Causes of Hypertension
The pharmaceutical industry has developed a variety of drugs to lower blood pressure. The list of modern drugs is quite voluminous. However, remember that it is extremely risky to choose the necessary funds yourself.
The doctor, prescribing drugs to lower blood pressure, must take into account the reasons for the increase in pressure. To do this, before choosing the right tool, a full examination will be carried out. In addition, a certain treatment regimen is often used, which includes the appointment of several drugs or combination tablets at once.
The causes of hypertension can be quite diverse. In medicine, there is the following division of this pathology:
- Essential hypertension. The disease occurs on its own. Sources of pathology can be malnutrition, heredity, bad habits, lifestyle.
- Symptomatic hypertension. Pathology is manifested against the background of many diseases. In this case, high blood pressure is a symptom of a serious ailment, for example, kidney disease, atherosclerosis, pathologies of the nervous system.
For each situation, their own drugs are prescribed that lower blood pressure. That is why it is important to correctly establish the diagnosis and understand why it is increasing.
Fast acting drugs
No one is safe from a hypertensive crisis. It is imperative to know which medications can lower high blood pressure. The following drugs are recommended today:
- Dibazole (Gliofen).
- “Clonidine” (“Clonidine”).
- "Arfonad" ("Trimethafan").
- "Sodium nitroprusside."
- "Pentamine."
- "Magnesium sulfate" (or "Magnesia").
- "Uregit."
- Furosemide (Lasix).
- "Aminazine" ("Chlorpromazine").
- "Phentolamine."
- “Nifedipine” (“Kordafen”, “Kordaflex”, “Adalat”, “Cordipin”, “Phenigidin”, “Nifedikap”).
- “Verapamil” (“Isoptin”, “Finoptin”, “Verogalid”).
- Anaprilin (Obzidan).
Each of the above drugs has its own properties that are effective in a particular pathology or condition. Therefore, the doctor selects individually what drugs it is better to reduce high blood pressure.
Drug classification
To understand which drugs lower blood pressure, consider two groups of drugs:
1. First line funds. These are the drugs of choice that are prescribed for most hypertensive patients. Such drugs are divided into 5 groups:
- Diuretics (better known as diuretics). Hypothiazide, Indap, Arifon, Furosemide, Lasix, Triphas, Torsed, Veroshpiron, Triamteren belong to this category of drugs.
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE inhibitors). Representatives of this class are Enalapril, Berlipril, Renitek, Enap, Captopril, Quinapril, Akkupro, Lisinopril, Lopril, Vitopril, Diroton, " Moexipril ”,“ Moex ”,“ Perindopril ”,“ Prestarium ”.
- Angiotensin II receptor inhibitors. These are drugs such as Irbesartan, Irbetan, Aprovel, Converium, Candesartan, Kasark, Candesar, Lozartan, Lorista, Lozap.
- Calcium antagonists. The following remedies are popular: Verapamil, Finoptin, Veratard, Isoptin, Diltiazem, Diacordin, Aldizem, Amlodipine, Azomex, Nifedipine, Amlo, Agen "," Felodipine "," Norvask ".
- β-blockers (β-blockers). This class includes drugs “Atenolol”, “Atenol”, “Tenobene”, “Tenolol”, “Nebivolol”, “Nebilet”, “Nebival”, “Nebilong”, “Anaprilin”, “Coriol”, “Medocardil”.
2. Medications of the second line. They are also drugs that lower blood pressure. But they are in demand with prolonged treatment of essential hypertension. Medications are not expensive and can be recommended for pregnant women. These include:
- α2-agonists of central exposure. These are the following drugs: "Clonidine", "Clonidine", "Methyldopa", "Dopegit".
- Rauwolfia alkaloids. This group includes drugs "Reserpine", "Raunatin."
- α-blockers. The main representatives of the class are the medicines Prazosin, Doksazozin, Zokson, Kardura, Terazozin, Alfater, Kornam, Phentolamine.
- Vasodilators direct exposure. This is a class that includes the following drugs: Bendazole, Dibazole, Hydralazine, Apressin.
Consider modern means to lower blood pressure, which are most in demand for the treatment of hypertension.
The medicine "losartan"
The drug in pharmacology is called "Lorista." It provokes a blockage of the angiotensin II receptor, which is responsible for vasoconstriction. The medicine has a fairly long exposure to the body - up to 24 hours.
For young people, the dosage should be carefully selected. If you combine other drugs to lower blood pressure with the medicine "Lorista", then the result will be more effective. When combining this product with diuretics, the amount of potassium in the blood may increase in the patient.
The drug is most in demand for people of age, since it is distinguished by a mild effect. The medicine “Lorista” can be prescribed during pregnancy, during the lactation period.
Extremely carefully use this drug for people suffering from impaired liver function. They are recommended to take the drug in lower dosages.
The medicine "Verapamil"
A distinctive feature of the drug is a decrease in vascular tone and an increase in oxygen supply to the heart. The medicine helps to stabilize the frequency of contractions of the organ and arterioles.
In case of an acute attack, Verapamil can be administered intravenously. The dosage of the drug depends on the degree of manifestation of the disease.
The drug is contraindicated in patients who have suffered in acute form of myocardial infarction.
The drug "Nifedipine"
The tool is a representative of such a group as calcium antagonists. These drugs that lower blood pressure, reduce vascular tone, improve oxygen supply to the body.
The drug "Nifedipine" is extremely effective in hypertension provoked by pathologies of the adrenal glands and kidneys. The medicine is able to exert a beneficial effect on these organs and even stop the development of such a pathology as renal failure. Another plus of this tool is the stimulation of a rush of blood to the spinal cord, brain.
It is recommended to take the medicine in a supine position, putting a tablet under the tongue.
At low pressure or heart failure, Nifedipine is categorically contraindicated.
The medicine "Captopril"
The drug perfectly removes the burden of the heart, stimulates the effective functioning of the respiratory tract. In addition, it improves the blood supply to the kidneys.
This tool, if necessary, can be prescribed to newborns and diabetics.
The combination of Captopril with nitrates significantly enhances its effect on the body.
The medicine is not intended for patients who are diagnosed with a lack of platelets or white blood cells in the blood.
The drug "Enalapril"
This medicine in its effect on humans is similar to Captopril.
This drug should not be used by people with a lack of platelets, white blood cells. Also, Enalapril is not intended for patients suffering from renal failure.
The medicine "Metildofa"
The drug normalizes high blood pressure, reduces the tone of arterioles. The tool is quite effective and at the same time safe for pregnant women.
“Metildofa” medicine is not recommended for patients who are diagnosed with renal failure.
The drug "Reserpine"
The medicine is often prescribed in the early stages of hypertension. If you combine diuretics to lower blood pressure with Reserpine, the beneficial effect on the body is greatly enhanced.
Tablets are recommended to be used after meals.
The medicine has a number of contraindications. The drug should not be used in patients who have a stomach ulcer. It is forbidden to prescribe this medicine for kidney sclerosis. The drug "Reserpine" is contraindicated for people suffering from bradycardia - a decrease in the frequency of heart oscillations.
The medicine "Indapamide"
This is an effective drug that affects the kidneys. It resembles a thiazide diuretic in structure.
The necessary result of pressure stabilization can be obtained only a week after the start of taking the medicine “Indapamide”. And the maximum effect occurs after three months of regular use of the drug.
The use of the drug is not allowed for children under 18 years of age. It is forbidden to use it during pregnancy, lactation. In addition, the tool also has other contraindications. The drug is forbidden to use in case of impaired liver function, gout, the presence of anuria. The drug “Indapamide” should not be used immediately after a cerebrovascular accident.
The medicine "Prestarium"
The drug effectively normalizes high blood pressure. It contributes to vasoconstriction and restoration of arterial elasticity. The use of this tool allows you to restore metabolic processes in the heart, reduce the load on this organ.
After taking the drug, its hypotensive effect is felt after 4-6 hours. A month of regular use of the drug allows you to completely stabilize the pressure.
Conclusion
The health of blood vessels and the heart must be taken care of from a young age. Remember that pathology at an older age is the result of a lifestyle. If it comes to hypertension, the best thing is timely treatment under the guidance of an experienced doctor. Do not choose therapy yourself. After all, the answer to the question of what are the best drugs that lower blood pressure is possible only after a complete diagnosis. Take care of yourself!