Why is Fortum needed? Instructions for use of the product, its composition, packaging and release form will be presented in this article. Also from it you will learn about what this medication is, what side effects and contraindications it has, whether this drug has analogues, and how much it costs.
Composition, packaging and form of release
In what form can a Fortum medical device be purchased? The medicine we are considering is sold in powder form. It is used to prepare an injection solution. 1 bottle of the drug contains such an active element as ceftazidime (in the form of pentahydrate). As for the minor components, they include anhydrous sodium carbonate and carbon dioxide. In one cardboard pack is 1 bottle.
Pharmacological characteristics of the drug
What is the Fortum medicine? Instructions for use states that it is a 3rd generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It has a bactericidal effect. Once inside the body, the drug disrupts the synthesis of cell walls of microorganisms.
The medication has a wide spectrum of action (in particular antimicrobial). It kills strains of pathogens that are resistant to gentamicin, as well as other antibiotics belonging to the aminoglycoside group. However, I want to note that this medicine is resistant to most beta-lactamases.
As a result of studies, it was found that the active substance of the drug is active against many gram-positive, gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria, including strains that are resistant to ampicillin.
It should also be noted that ceftazidime is not active against methicillin-resistant staphylococci.
Pharmacokinetics of the drug
How fast is Fortum? An antibiotic after intramuscular or intravenous administration in doses of 1 g and 500 mg is very quickly detected in blood plasma. At the same time, therapeutic concentrations of the active element persist for about 8-13 hours. As for the connection with proteins, it is about 10%.
Concentrations of the active substance in excess of BMD for most common pathogenic bacteria can be achieved in bile, bone, sputum, heart tissue, synovial, pleural, intraocular and peritoneal fluids.
I would also like to say that ceftazidime quite easily penetrates the placental barrier, and is also excreted along with breast milk. In the absence of inflammatory processes in the meningeal membranes, the active element of the drug penetrates poorly through the BBB. At the same time, the concentration of the agent in the cerebrospinal fluid is very low.
The drug in question is not metabolized in the human body. The half-life of the drug is about 2 hours. Ceftazidime is excreted along with urine unchanged.
It should be especially noted that with impaired renal function, the rate of excretion of the active substance is noticeably reduced.
Indications for use
In what cases is Fortum prescribed? Instructions for use include the following list of indications:
- infections in people with cystic fibrosis, as well as respiratory infections;
- severe infections, including nosocomial infections (peritonitis, septicemia, meningitis, bacteremia, infected burns and infections in people with reduced immunity);
- infections of the nose, throat and ears;
- soft tissue and skin infections;
- urinary tract infections;
- joint and bone infections;
- infections of the gastrointestinal tract, biliary tract and abdominal cavity;
- infections associated with dialysis.
Also, the drug is actively used to prevent infectious complications after surgery on the prostate gland.
Contraindications
In what cases can not be prescribed Fortum medicine? Instructions for use contain the following list of contraindications:
- hypersensitivity of the patient to ceftazidime, as well as other elements of the medication;
- newborn babies;
- hypersensitivity of the patient to cephalosporin antibiotics and penicillins.
It should also be noted that this drug is prescribed with extreme caution to people with renal failure, gastrointestinal diseases, during pregnancy, during lactation, in combination with aminoglycosides and diuretics.
Instructions for use of the drug
How should the Fortum medicine be used correctly? Injections are prescribed to patients individually. Their dosage depends on the severity of the disease, as well as localization, sensitivity to the drug, the type of pathogen, the patient's age and kidney function.
The medication is administered intravenously or deeply intramuscularly (in the lateral part of the thigh or the outer upper quadrant of the gluteus maximus muscle). Also, the infusion solution can be introduced into the system tube.
The daily dosage of the drug (maximum) is about 6 g. Adults are prescribed 1-6 g per day intravenously or intramuscularly. The frequency of administration of the drug is 2-3 times a day.
Most often, the medication in question is administered in 2 g with an interval of 12 hours or 1 g every 8 hours.
If the patient has a severe course of the disease and low immunity, as well as neutropenia, then he is prescribed 2 g of medication every 8 or 12 hours. 3 g may also be prescribed every 12 hours.
How is the drug “Fortum” used for mild infections and urinary tract infections? Analogues of the drug and the medicine itself are administered in a volume of 1 g or 500 ml every twelve hours.
For the treatment of infectious complications with such a deviation as cystic fibrosis, the drug is used in an amount of 100-150 mg per kg per day (divided by 3 times).
For surgery on the prostate, the medication is used in a dosage of 1 g with introductory anesthesia, and the second dose is administered during removal of the catheter.
For elderly patients (especially people over 80), the drug is prescribed in a volume of not more than 3 g per day.
For children older than 2 months, the drug is prescribed in a dosage of 30-100 mg per kg per day. Moreover, the frequency of administration is 2-3 times.
Children with meningitis, low immunity or cystic fibrosis are prescribed up to 150 mg per kg per day. In this case, the maximum dose is 6 g (divided by 3 times).
For infants and newborns under the age of two months, the drug is prescribed only in individual cases. Moreover, its volume should be 25-60 mg per kg per day (divided in half).
People with renal insufficiency need a reduced dosage of the drug, since ceftazidime is excreted through the kidneys unchanged. The initial dosage for such patients is 1 g. As for the maintenance volume, it is selected individually (depending on the speed of glomerular filtration).
Overdose
It doesn't matter if you use expensive or cheap drugs to treat infections. In any case, they must be used only as directed by the doctor.
If the antibiotic in question has been used in an increased volume, then you risk getting the following symptoms of an overdose: neurological disorders, including convulsions, coma and encephalopathy. As a treatment for such conditions, doctors recommend symptomatic and supportive therapy.
Side effects of the drug
Cheap drugs, along with expensive ones related to antibiotics, have a fairly large number of side effects. Consider their list.
- Digestive tract: nausea, candidiasis of the pharynx and oral cavity, jaundice, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, as well as a transient increase in the activity of GGT, LDH, AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase. In addition, as with other cephalosporins, this drug can cause pseudomembranous colitis.
- Central and peripheral nervous system: paresthesia, headaches, dizziness, taste disturbances, neurological disorders, including tremor, convulsions, myoclonus, encephalopathy and coma.
- Hemopoietic system: leukopenia, eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia and thrombocytosis.
- Urinary system: impaired renal function, transient increase in urea, as well as urea nitrogen and creatinine in the blood.
- Allergy: lowering blood pressure, maculopapular rash, fever, urticaria, bronchospasm, pruritus, angioedema, exudative erythema multiforme, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, epidermal toxic necrolysis (i.e. Lyell syndrome).
- Local adverse reactions: thrombophlebitis or phlebitis (with intravenous administration), induration at the site of intramuscular injection, pain and burning sensation.
- Others: direct Coombs reaction (false positive) and candidal vaginitis.
Interaction with other medicines
Is there a list of drugs with which Fortum can or cannot be used? It should be noted that there is no specific list. However, before using this tool, it is imperative to familiarize yourself with the instructions, and more precisely with the section "Drug Interaction". From it you will learn that the simultaneous use of ceftazidime in high dosages and nephrotoxic drugs can have a negative effect on the functioning of the kidneys.
Diuretics, vancomycin, aminoglycosides and clindamycin significantly reduce the clearance of the active substance of the drug, resulting in an increased risk of nephrotoxic effects.
Bacteriostatic antibiotics, including the drug Chloramphenicol, reduce the effect of beta-lactam antibiotics.
Medication "Fortum" is compatible with almost all solutions for intravenous administration. Although it should be noted that ceftazidime is not stable in sodium bicarbonate solution. In this regard, this substance must not be used as a solvent.
Directions for use of the medication
What you need to know before using Fortum? The effect of antibiotics can adversely affect the well-being of patients. If patients have an allergic reaction, the drug must be discontinued.
Long-term use of this medication can contribute to an increase in the growth of insensitive bacteria. In this case, discontinuation of therapy may be required.
The drug "Fortum": analogues and cost
It is quite difficult to call the drug in question cheap. So how much does Fortum medicine cost? Its price may be different and depend on the dosage of the drug. You can buy a 500 ml bottle for 196 Russian rubles, and 1 g and 3 g for 452 and 626 rubles, respectively.
Consider a list of drugs whose action is similar to the drug "Fortum":
- "Vice";
- Bestum
- Kefadim
- Kefadim
- "Orzid";
- "Lorazidim";
- Tizim;
- Fortazim
- Tazicef;
- Ceftazidime;
- "Cefzid";
- Ceftidine.
Drug Reviews
What do patients say about Fortum? The price is quite suitable for them. Moreover, most patients claim that the antibiotic in question is very effective. Although there is such a category of patients to whom it is not suitable due to the presence of a large number of side effects.