The film "Ivan Vasilyevich Changes the Profession" has long become an imperishable classic, which is known practically by heart not only to residents of Russia, but also to Ukraine, Belarus and other CIS countries. Despite the huge popularity, the majority of viewers still do not know the details of the creation of this movie masterpiece, as well as where exactly the individual scenes of the picture were shot.
The film by Leonid Iovich Gaidai "Ivan Vasilyevich Changes the Profession"
Where the film was shot will be considered a little later, but now it’s worth remembering the background of the appearance of this picture.
Not everyone knows, but the script was written by Leonid Iovich (co-authored with Vladlen Bakhnov) based on the play by Mikhail Afanasevich Bulgakov.
Gaidai retained the main plot twists of the original work, despite the fact that the action took place in the second half of the thirties. At the same time, Leonid Iovich significantly modernized Ivan Vasilievich, adapting it to the realities of the seventies. In addition, the great director put in the center of the plot not Ivan the Terrible (as Bulgakov had), but the manager Bunshu and, turned into Shurik, the designer of the "magic" machine - engineer Timofeev.
After procrastination and numerous censorship commissions that studied and corrected the script, in late August 1972, filming began. And a year later - on September 17, the premiere of the tape took place in the cinemas of the USSR.
The new comedy of Gaidai was so liked by the audience that over a year on the big screen more than sixty million people watched it. They immediately pulled the tape into quotes, many of which are still relevant, although many years have passed.
Cast
When Leonid Gaidai was just starting to write the screenplay of the comedy “Ivan Vasilyevich Changes the Profession”, he searched for and selected artists for the location of the film, he predicted Yuri Nikulin for the main role. It was for him that Leonid Jovovich carefully prescribed the image of the king-house administrator. However, after reading the script, the actor was afraid that so seditious, as at that time, the film would simply not be released. And he did not want to lose a year of work. Therefore, referring to the employment in the circus, Yuri Vladimirovich refused to act, which he later regretted.
Instead of Nikulin, Vitsin, Yevstegneev, Lebedev and even Etush, who later played in the project of the robbed dentist Shpak, tried on the role of Ivan the Terrible.
In the end, the role of the tsar-house manager went to the famous artist in those years - Yuri Yakovlev. His ability to depict with a single glance both the strict king and the miserable social activist became a decisive argument in favor of the statement of the actor.
There were also problems with the choice of the performer of the role of Georges Miloslavsky. Since Nikulin was originally supposed to play the main character, it was planned to make Andrei Mironov his partner in time travel, with whom they had already worked with Gaidai in Diamond Hand. However, when Yakovlev turned out to be Ivan Vasilievich, he had to look for a new Miloslavsky, since they did not succeed with Andrei Alexandrovich. Such ingenious artists of Soviet cinema as Nevinniy, Yumatov, Nikonenko and others dreamed of playing the resourceful housekeeper. In the end, Leonid Kuravlev was approved. Rumor has it that Gaidai chose him for his ability to portray rudeness perfectly.
The role of Zinochka’s turtle tail did not go to Natalia Selezneva immediately. Although she already starred in a duet with Alexander Demyanenko with Leonid Iovich in "Operation Y" ... ", the artist had to compete for participation in the project with Gundareva and Gvozdikova. And, as it turned out, not in vain. After all, besides overwhelming success, the actress managed to become a style icon for thousands of Soviet women. Outfits for the heroine Selezneva in the picture were sewn by Vyacheslav Zaitsev himself and many spectators came to the cinema to just admire the fashionista Zinochka and sketch the styles of her elegant costumes.
However, the famous couturier dressed not only Shurik's wife, who escaped with her lover, but also Ulyana Andreevna, the unformatted wife of Ivan Vasilyevich Bunsha, performed by Natalya Krachkovskaya. Being the favorite of Gaidai, this artist without any problems received the coveted role. The only condition for the famous director was the preservation of the actress of her magnificent forms. Therefore, Natalia Leonidovna during the filming had to sit on a special diet, so as not to lose weight.
There were no problems with the approval of the other actors, since Leonid Iovich had already worked with most of them. So in the tape were A. Demyanenko (Shurik), S. Kramarov (clerk of Ivan the Terrible), S. Phillipov (ambassador), M. Pugovkin (Yakin), V. Etush (robbed Shpak) and N. Maslova (Tsaritsa Martha )
Where were filming locations of the Ancient Kremlin
Having received the “go-ahead” for the project, Leonid Gaidai began to search for a place for full-scale shooting. The fact is that the great filmmaker longed for a real ancient fortress to be shown in the movie along with the scenery. Soon, such a place was found - it was a state museum-reserve called the Rostov Kremlin, located in the Yaroslavl region. It was this museum that became the historical place where they shot "Ivan Vasilievich is changing the profession." The Rostov Kremlin "played" the role of a residence for Ivan the Terrible, as well as for "and. about. the king ”- the Bunshi house manager.
The crew of the project stayed in Rostov for seven whole days. All this time they spent in the museum-reserve, where they filmed "Ivan Vasilievich is changing his profession." The city remembered this event for a long time. In memory of collaboration, the museum was presented with two costumes of guards and hatchets-berdyshs from props. And to this day, the workers of the museum-reserve meet especially important visitors in them.
Having finished shooting in early September 1972, Gaidai and his colleagues left the welcoming Rostov, where they shot the film "Ivan Vasilyevich Changes His Profession", and returned home.
Filming on the streets of the capital of the USSR
Most of the landscapes in the picture were shot in the “capital city”. Returning here from Rostov, where the film “Ivan Vasilievich Changes the Profession” was filmed, Leonid Iovich Gayday and his colleagues first shot the “nature” in Moscow (Povarskaya Street, Kalininsky Prospekt and Borodinsky Bridge) until the weather turned bad.
So the following scenes of the tape appeared: driving through the streets of an ambulance, a police car and Yakin's car; as well as the pursuit of police officers disguised as a physician Miloslavsky.
At what address is the house where they rented "Ivan Vasilyevich changes his profession"
Not far from the metro station "Paveletskaya" is Novokuznetskaya street. It was here that in 1971 a multi-storey residential building was built with an unusual zigzag shape and a magic number - 13. This building is the place where the film "Ivan Vasilyevich Changes the Profession" was shot.
In the courtyard of this historic building there was a quarrel between Shurik and Bunsha, trying to erase the inscription "fool" on the wall of the house.
Also in the same building was in the seventies the Radiotekhnika store, where the inventor of the time machine tried to buy parts from a speculator.
By the way, especially for the picture, not far from this house, a telephone box was erected, which became not only a useful device for the residents of the house, but also a “pavilion” where they shot “Ivan Vasilyevich is changing his profession”.
The city of Moscow, from a bird's eye view, which the "Tsar and Grand Duke" admired while standing on the balcony of the apartment in building No. 13/1, was shot not here, but in a completely different place.
What part of Moscow is visible from Shurik's balcony
By the beginning of the seventies, New Arbat acquired a completely different look and many Muscovites were skeptical of these changes. However, with the light hand of Gaidai, the situation has changed for the better.
The fact is that from the balcony of one of the skyscrapers on Novy Arbat a panorama of the Moscow River and Kutuzovsky Avenue, which Ivan the Terrible admired, was taken.
Thus, this district of the capital has made the painting “Ivan Vasilievich Changing the Profession” very famous and popular. Where the shooting of these scenes took place - right now no one will remember. Moreover, they played an important role in the adoption by Muscovites of changes in the appearance of the New Arbat.
Filming in Ostankino and Soyuz
The most unexpected places served as “nature” when working on the film “Ivan Vasilievich Changes the Profession”. Where certain moments were filmed - it will seem surprising to many.
For example, the role of the police building, from where the detectives called by Shpak departed, was “played” by the Moscow Soyuz Hotel, located not far from Mosfilm. And the hospital where the ambulance called by Ulyana Andreevna departs from is the Ostankino television center.
Work in the Mosfilm pavilions
After the end of the shooting, Gaidai moved on to the pavilion. All of them took place at the Mosfilm studio. The best artists and decorators of Moscow prepared sixteen objects for the film "Ivan Vasilyevich Changes the Profession", where they shot a good half of all the scenes of the project.
Most of the scenery (ten complexes) was designed as the interiors of the house on Novokuznetskaya 13/1. This is Shpak's apartment; dental office; elevator, where the "demons" walled up the poor king; rooms in Shurik's mansions; Bunshi manager's apartment; the landing and several locations of the tape "Ivan Vasilyevich Changes the Profession", where they filmed the present.
But for the interiors of the times of Ivan the Terrible, only six decoration complexes were needed. However, all of them were made so masterfully that many believed that the shooting took place in the same Rostov Kremlin, Yaroslavl region.
Surprisingly, all the decorative complexes erected for the film fit in a rather modest area of 1428 square meters. m
The last scene of the tape, shot in Yalta
In mid-January 1973, when all the material had already been shot, installation of the painting and voice acting began. Unfortunately, in the process of work it turned out that it was necessary to shoot another episode in which Zina sings the song “To meet with love ...” with the voice of Nina Brodskaya.
For this purpose, in March, Gaidai with a group went to Yalta (Crimea). Here they completed the necessary material in 2 days and, returning to Moscow, continued editing the film "Ivan Vasilyevich Changes the Profession". Nobody remembers where they filmed the moment with Yalta Zinochka specifically in Yalta.
Entertaining facts
- Natalia Krachkovskaya in the movie had five wigs. By the way, contrary to the general misconception, she did not cut her hair for the scene with two husbands. The actress’s luxurious curls were hidden under a children's rubber swimming cap, on top of which a wig was sewn. Interestingly, the actress herself almost died on the set. Climbing from Shurik’s own apartment onto the balcony, she almost fell, so this moment did not enter the finished picture.
- The house at 13/1 Novokuznetskaya Street in 2011 became the set for another comedy - “The Same Carlson” with Mikhail Galustyan in the title role. Previously, this building was known as the place where they shot "Ivan Vasilievich is changing his profession."
- Materials were cut from the finished tape for almost 10 minutes. Among the episodes that didn’t make it into the motion picture is the scene of Miloslavsky’s capture by police on a water bus, as well as the moment when Ivan the Terrible is standing by the stove in Shurik’s kitchen and preparing his lunch.
- As outfits for the tsar, the tsarina and the boyars with the guards, the costumes that remained after Sergei Eisenstein’s movie "Ivan the Terrible" were used.
- The scenery of the landing, created for the picture, was used in the four-part television film “The Big Change”, which was shot on “Mosfilm” in the same period.
- The performer of the role of Queen Martha - artist Nina Maslova, before the decisive shoot, due to an annoying misunderstanding, got into the eye and got a noticeable bruise. That is why in most frames I shoot it from the side. By the way, in parallel with this project, she, along with Savely Kramarov, played in Big Break.
- In the scene, when the arrested Ivan the Terrible is asked for his place of residence, he replies: “Moscow, the Kremlin” (a clear allusion to the government of the USSR). However, the commission found this phrase seditious and replaced it with another - “In the Chambers”.
- Also, during the dubbing, one of the replicas of Bunshi dressed as king was changed. Receiving the ambassador, in the original, the manager said "Peace, friendship." For an unknown reason, censorship forced Gaidai to change the phrase to "Hitler Kaput!"
- Another modified replica was the answer of the false prince at the royal feast, during which the house manager wanted to know: “Who will pay?”. According to the script, Georges had to say “People.” It was only after editing by censorship that his answer became vague: "In any case: not us ...".
- Especially for the royal banquet, Gaidai bought scarce delicacies at his own expense to create royal abundance on the table. But in the role of the coveted overseas eggplant caviar was the squash.
- Leonid Gaidai very much believed in signs. So he considered a black suit cat as his talisman. For this reason, this animal has appeared in many of his comedies. This picture was no exception, the director’s cat plays not the last role in it.
- In memory of Leonid Gaidai, the group "Agatha Christie" shot a clip for the musical composition "Fairy taiga". It appeared all the performers of the main roles in the picture, and also individual frames from the tape were used.
In the second half of the nineties, the third musical film "Old Songs about the Main" was released on television. In it, the plot of the comedy about the Tsar-managerial house was played out in a new way and even many actors who had previously participated in the project starred. However, this attempt to play on the love of Gaidai's brainchild turned out to be rather pathetic and was not accepted by the audience. In addition, she once again confirmed that in order to create a masterpiece, you must put your soul into it, as the great Soviet director Leonid Iovich Gayday did.