Dermatitis is a group of skin diseases of inflammatory origin. Appear due to the effect on the skin of damaging factors of a chemical, biological or physical nature. The treatment regimen is determined by the causes of the inflammatory process, the location of the sources, their vastness, and the rate of spread.
Pharmacological drugs to eliminate dermatitis eliminate external signs and accelerate the healing process. In severe cases of the disease, tablets are prescribed drugs that have a general effect on the body. What pills for dermatitis on the body exist?
Treatment principles
Dermatitis belongs to the category of allergic dermatoses (a heterogeneous group of skin diseases, the leading importance in the development of which is given to an allergic reaction of an immediate or delayed type), which are manifested against the background of an allergy of an immediate or delayed type. These include:
- Actinic dermatitis (can be caused by sunlight, artificial sources of UV radiation and ionizing radiation).
- Atopic eczema (inflammation of the skin of a person, which is seasonal in nature).
- Urticaria (skin disease, dermatitis of mainly allergic origin, characterized by the rapid onset of severely itchy blisters).
- Toxicoderma (an inflammatory process of the skin and mucous membranes, this disease is non-infectious in nature).
- Seborrheic dermatitis (a chronic inflammatory disease that affects those parts of the scalp and trunk that have sebaceous glands developed; yeast-like fungi are the causative agent of dermatitis).
- Drug dermatitis (inflammatory skin changes that occur with the external, internal or parenteral use of a particular medication).
Causes of the disease
Diseases occur as a result of exposure to harmful substances (exogenous causes) on the skin surface - drugs, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation, radiation, household chemicals, and microorganism vital products. They may also have endogenous pathogenesis (the causes are associated with a malfunction of internal organs and systems).
Tablets for dermatitis in adults block the signs of allergic reactions, due to which the condition of soft tissues improves. Their choice depends on the cause of the disease, as well as the nature of the inflammatory processes.
What drugs are prescribed for dermatitis?
For the treatment of skin diseases, two types of drugs are prescribed:
- systemic effects - injections, tablets, capsules, suspensions;
- local action - sprays, liniment, gels, creams, ointments, solutions.
In most cases, to eliminate the signs of the disease, restore the damaged skin, dermatitis tablets are used on the face, which can have a systemic effect on the whole body.
Also, treatment is reduced to the use of hormonal ointments and creams with anti-inflammatory and antiexudative effects. They must be applied in strictly short courses, since corticosteroids provoke the occurrence of side effects, and also reduce the protective functions of the body.
General principles for the elimination of allergic dermatitis tablets:
- Enterosorbents cleanse the body of allergens and irritating trace elements.
- Antiviral, as well as antifungal, antimicrobial medicines eliminate the cause of allergies.
- Corticosteroids neutralize the inflammatory process, and also help restore the affected areas of the soft tissues.
- Antihistamines eliminate itching, peeling, swelling and redness on the skin.
With dermatoses of autoimmune origin, tablet preparations are recommended that suppress the body's protective functions - immunosuppressants. With prolonged use, they reduce the severity of inflammatory processes in the skin. Due to this, the general condition of the patient improves, and tissue repair is also accelerated.
Dermatitis Pills
Systemic drugs for dermatitis are used for moderate disease. Their substances enter the general bloodstream, and therefore have an effect on the entire human body. The choice of tablets is determined by the cause of inflammation in the skin.
With urticaria, antihistamines are recommended for use, with seborrhea (a painful skin condition caused by increased sebum secretion due to a violation of the nervous and neuroendocrine regulation of the functions of the sebaceous glands of the skin) - antifungal, and with pyoderma (dermatological disease that occurs under the influence of pyogenic bacteria) - antimicrobial drugs.
Allergic dermatitis
To decide which pills to drink for allergic dermatitis, the cause of its appearance should be identified. Antihistamines for dermatitis in adult patients are prescribed in situations where the inflammatory process appears due to contact with irritating substances. They eliminate itching, rash, peeling, swelling of the tissues. To facilitate general well-being, the following drugs can be used:
- "Loratadine" - for allergic reactions to insect bites, hives and itchy dermatoses.
- "Claritin" - to eliminate the symptoms of nettle rash, hay fever (a seasonal disease caused by an allergic reaction to plant pollen).
- "Telfast" - for the complex treatment of seasonal allergic diseases.
- "Exifin" - with a complex course of allergic dermatoses, which affect the skin on the trunk and extremities.
- "Zirtek" - with atopic dermatitis in adult patients, accompanied by constant itching, an exudative rash.
In the treatment of dermatitis, tablets can be combined with preparations based on plant components - corn or linseed oil.
Hormonal drugs
With a sharp spread of rashes, hormone therapy is used. Corticosteroid drugs are used in small courses from three to five days, which is associated with the likelihood of adverse reactions. Nettle rash and other types of allergic diseases are eliminated with the following medicines:
- "Triamcinolone".
- Prednisone.
- Dexason.
- Fortecortin.
- Megadexan.
They have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, therefore, they instantly eliminate swelling, redness on the skin.
Zirtek
The drug belongs to the therapeutic group of antihistamines. They are used for treatment, which is aimed at eliminating the source of the pathological process in case of allergic reactions. Widely used tablets for atopic dermatitis.
Active microelement "Zyrtec" cetirizine belongs to the group of antihistamines. It arrests specific cell receptors that respond to the effects of neurotransmitter allergy compounds, in particular histamine. Therefore, with an increase in the level of histamine in the human body as a result of allergic phenomena, the active substance has an antihistamine effect.
What pharmacological actions does Zirtek have?
The effect of the drug is the following pharmacological effects:
- Reducing the severity of irritation on the skin, which is due to the excitation of histamine sensitive endings.
- Elimination of soft tissue edema - blocking nerve endings to histamine.
- Decreased convulsions of the smooth muscles of the hollow organs - a pronounced increase in muscle tone, provoked by histamine.
- Elimination of a rash on the skin, which is considered the result of an inflammatory process.
Zirtek also brings tissue immune cells to a stable state, which, when an allergic reaction develops, synthesize histamine, thereby lowering its level and other inflammatory mediators. The active component of Zirtek does not provoke a calming and sleeping pill.
After taking the drug orally, the active component is instantly and completely absorbed from the upper digestive organs into the blood. It is evenly distributed throughout all body tissues, followed by metabolism in cells to inactive metabolic products. They are usually excreted in urine. The half-life is about ten hours.
Prednisolone
A medication belongs to a therapeutic group of drugs intended for oral use. They have anti-inflammatory effects and are used in various pathological processes, primarily those associated with autoimmune diseases.
The active microelement "Prednisolone" is considered to be a synthetic chemical derivative of glucocorticosteroids. The active substance has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.
In addition, the drug has the ability to suppress immunity. But the spectrum of impact today remains not fully understood. "Prednisolone" increases the reverse absorption of water and sodium ions in the kidneys, increases the breakdown of proteins in the body, suppresses the process of connecting bone tissue, increases the blood sugar level. With prolonged intake of the active substance in the human body, the production of adrenocorticotropic hormone in the pituitary gland, which is responsible for the work of the adrenal glands, decreases according to the feedback principle. Therefore, after a long use of the drug, at least one month is required to restore the normal functioning of the body.
After the use of Prednisolone, the orally active component is instantly absorbed into the general bloodstream from the digestive organs, but a longer pharmacological effect may be required for it to appear. The drug is evenly distributed throughout the tissues, where it acts on various nerve endings of cells, exerting a therapeutic effect. The active component is exchanged and excreted only by the liver.
Infectious Dermatitis
Infectious diseases of the skin are manifested by multiple rashes, as well as peeling, severe itching, the appearance of vesicles with exudate. To eliminate them, tablets of etiotropic effect are used, which eliminate the source of the inflammatory process - the pathogenic flora.
Medicines for infectious dermatitis
In most cases, it is represented by fungi or bacteria, so the following tablets for seborrheic dermatitis are used to eliminate them:
- "Ampioks" - complex antibacterial tablets that eliminate purulent inflammation of the skin surface in bacterial dermatoses.
- "Terbinafine" is an antifungal medicine that eliminates the development of dermatophytosis, trichophytosis and candidiasis.
- "Orungal" - an antifungal drug for seborrheic dermatitis, as well as candidiasis, pityriasis versicolor and other dermatomycoses.
- Flemoxin is a semi-synthetic antimicrobial medication that suppresses purulent skin inflammation in bacterial dermatoses.
- "Oxacillin" is an antibiotic that eradicates staph infection.
To quickly relieve general well-being, you can also use antihistamines - Cetrin, Erius, Tavegil.
"Flemoxin"
The medication belongs to the group of penicillin antibacterial agents, which has a wide spectrum of effects.
People who are prone to allergies to medications should be tested for sensitivity to the drug before treatment with dermatitis pills. The drug is not prescribed for patients who previously had a negative reaction to penicillin.
The duration of therapy must necessarily be completed. The termination of the course before the appointed time promises the emergence of pathogen resistance to the active substance and the transition of the disease to the chronic stage. In this case, you have to pick up another, more powerful antimicrobial agent. You can not use the drug for more than two weeks, since in this situation the likelihood of superinfection and exacerbation of all signs of the disease increases. In the absence of positive dynamics from taking the medicine, the patient should consult a medical specialist to clarify the diagnosis and adjust the therapy.
Orungal
The spectrum of antifungal effects is based on the disruption of the ergosterol compound, which is considered an important component of the cell membrane of fungi.
For patients with immunodeficiency and people with cryptococcosis of the nervous system, the drug is prescribed only in the situation if there are bans on the use of first-line drugs. People suffering from diseases of the liver and kidneys need to monitor the content of itraconazole in the blood and, if necessary, adjust the dosage. Orungal must be stopped when neuropathy occurs (a disease that can affect various parts of the nerve fibers of the body).