Immunoglobulins, antibodies or gamma globulins are special proteins distributed in the blood of a person that are produced by the immune system to specifically protect the body from exposure to various viruses, bacteria and foreign substances.
The preparation "Normal human immunoglobulin"
Human immunoglobulin is a drug composition created on the basis of the blood components of healthy donors - plasma. Donors should be clinically examined. Blood donated by them must undergo laboratory testing. It will show that this material has no signs of infectious diseases that can be transmitted by transfusion of blood and its components.
This is an immunomodulatory and immunostimulating substance. Due to the content of neutralizing antibodies in its composition, it actively resists various attacks of viruses and bacteria. The “Human Immunoglobulin Normal” preparation practically does not differ in any way from the type G present in blood serum, tissue fluids, in the secrets that the human mucous membranes produce, and others. This comprehensive body defense, called humoral immunity. It carries out its work in the liquid media of the human body.
There is also cellular immunity, which is carried out by specialized cells, but this is a completely different defense, and it has nothing to do with immunoglobulins. In addition to the above properties, "Human Immunoglobulin Normal" has a restorative and anti-inflammatory effect.
In what cases of diseases is immunoglobulin prescribed?
This medicine is prescribed to replace or replenish natural human antibodies. The main indications for its introduction are various conditions of the human body, when his own defense is extremely weakened. Such pathologies include:
- HIV
- Bone marrow transplantation.
- Primary and secondary immunodeficiencies.
- Severe viral and bacterial diseases, etc.
The medicine "Human immunoglobulin is normal" has a positive effect. Reviews about it are numerous and contradictory with a variety of infections, inflammatory and chronic diseases. In addition, this drug helps to increase suppressed immunity under the influence of medications.
The use of immunoglobulin intravenously
Injections of an immune-enhancing drug can be done either intramuscularly or intravenously. It is prescribed for various complications after operations accompanied by sepsis, multiple sclerosis, as well as for preventive actions and treatment of infectious complications in newborns, etc. It is in these cases that the drug "Human Immunoglobulin Normal" is administered. The intravenous method of drug administration in these cases is the most effective. Instructions for use of the drug describe the basic principles by which the treatment directly prescribed by the attending physician is performed taking into account all the indications, the severity of the disease, the state of the patient’s immune system and individual intolerance. To enter the medicine, a dropper and saline solution are needed. The concentration of human immunoglobulin can be from 3 to 12 percent.
Intramuscular immunoglobulin injection
Ampoules before use should be kept at room temperature for 2 hours. Their opening and direct administration of the drug should be carried out with strict adherence to the rules of antiseptics.
There are other ways to administer the normal immunoglobulin medication to the patient. Intramuscularly can be injected with this medicine for emergency prophylaxis of measles and hepatitis A, whooping cough, polio, etc. The drug is injected into the upper outer square of the gluteus maximus muscle or into the outer surface of the thigh. The medicine is not stored in an open ampoule; it must be destroyed.
Also, you can not use immunoglobulin in ampoules in which integrity is broken and labeling is not visible. In no case should the intramuscular form of the drug be injected into the vein of the patient, and vice versa. Treatment and dosage are prescribed by the doctor strictly individually. Specialists take into account the type and severity of the disease, only then make an appointment.
Immunoglobulins are used to make prophylactic vaccine formulations. You do not need to confuse them with the vaccine, these are various components.
Side effects of the drug "normal human immunoglobulin"
With proper use of this drug, the occurrence of side effects is extremely rare. Sometimes such symptoms can occur several hours or even days after the administration of the medicine. And all the side effects disappear after the normal immunoglobulin ceases to be introduced into the body. 25 ml intravenously - the dose of an adult patient is dropwise. Sometimes the amount can reach 50 ml. Basically, the occurrence of all side factors is associated with a high infusion rate of the drug. With a low rate of administration and with the complete cessation of the use of immunoglobulin, all signs of side effects decrease and disappear. During the first hour, the following conditions may appear:
- Chills.
- Malaise.
- Headache.
- Heat.
- Joint aches, weakness.
In addition, some symptoms may occur from:
- Respiratory system: cough and shortness of breath.
- Digestive: pain in the gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea, nausea.
- Cardiovascular system: rush of blood to the face, tachycardia.
- Central nervous system: photosensitivity, drowsiness.
In addition, the "Human Immunoglobulin Normal" drug can cause various allergic reactions - itching, burning, skin rash. The most dangerous, but very rare phenomenon - necrosis of the renal tubules - necrosis. Severe hypertension and loss of consciousness require complete discontinuation of the drug. It is also necessary to remember that any administration of a human immunoglobulin can cause allergic reactions, even if all previous injections have passed without complications.
Immunoglobulin during pregnancy
This medicine is used with caution during lactation, as it is known that immunoglobulin passes into breast milk and can contribute to the transfer of protective antibodies to the nursing baby. A person's immunoglobulin is prescribed normal during pregnancy only if there is a threat of miscarriage in the expectant mother or premature birth. Sometimes the drug is prescribed when an infection occurs that threatens the life of the mother or fetus. Each question about the introduction of this medicine is solved with an individual approach and on the basis of numerous analyzes. Although there is no evidence of an adverse effect of immunoglobulin on the fetus or reproductive ability, this drug is used for pregnant women only in case of emergency.
Contraindications for the introduction of immunoglobulin
Immunoglobulin preparations reduce the effect of the introduction of live vaccines, such as measles, rubella, chickenpox, if they were made within 1.5-3 months. Therefore, it is very important to repeat the vaccination after applying immunoglobulin. The medicine "Human Immunoglobulin Normal", the price of which is from 2200 to 2600 rubles, can not be administered to patients with intolerance to blood components. It is prescribed only after consulting with doctors for heart dysfunctions, diabetes mellitus, kidney diseases, migraines, during pregnancy and lactation. With an overdose of this medication, side effects may increase. An increase in blood viscosity and its volume is also observed.
Where can I buy?
The drug can be produced in two forms: in the form of a dry powder and a solution that is contained in bottles. This medicine, that is, “Human Immunoglobulin is Normal,” the price of which is very different and depends on the manufacturer, form of release and many other factors, is purchased only in drugstores. Instructions for use must be attached to it. Using the medicine without a doctor’s prescription is prohibited, as there is a high risk of various side effects.
Storage conditions
Store the drug in a dry, dark place inaccessible to children, possibly even in the refrigerator. Storage temperature is 2-10 degrees Celsius. Freezing this medication is not recommended. Shelf life must be indicated on the packaging. When the expiration date, the drug is not suitable for use. Before using a person’s immunoglobulin, it is imperative to consult your doctor.