What to do with a cyst on the kidney? We will examine in more detail in this matter.
A kidney cyst is a urological disease characterized by the formation of a cavity growth that is surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue and filled with fluid. Education usually takes the form of a circle, observed mainly on one side. This ailment can equally often occur in representatives of both sexes, but it is more characteristic for people who are over forty years old. This predominantly benign formation is considered the most common type of tumor, since it is detected in approximately seventy percent of patients. As the cyst grows, it can reach ten centimeters or more.
What to do to resolve the cyst on the kidney? This is a common question.
When is there an increased risk of cysts?
An increased risk of kidney cysts exists if the following factors are present:
- Old or senile age of the patient.
- Presence of hypertension or vegetovascular dystonia.
- Presence of kidney injury.
- Against the background of tuberculosis.
- In the event that operations were carried out on the kidneys or other organs of the urinary system.
- The presence of urolithiasis.
- The development of infectious diseases of the genitourinary system.
What to do with a cyst on the right kidney?
In the event that the patient has a cyst only in a particular kidney, then we will talk about a single formation. When there are several cysts in one kidney at once, this is already considered a multicystic lesion. When formations are on both sides at once, they talk about polycystic.
What to do and how to treat a cyst in the kidney is interesting to many.
Symptomatology
Symptoms of the presence of cystic formation in the kidneys are not clear. The patient may not feel any discomfort at all. Therefore, a long period of the disease is usually completely asymptomatic, and the cyst itself is detected by chance during an ultrasound scan. A person can experience one or another unpleasant sensation only when the cyst grows to such an extent that it begins to put pressure on neighboring organs. Against this background, the following symptoms may be observed:
- The appearance of painful sensations in the lumbar region, aggravating after lifting weights, in addition, against the background of sudden bodily movements.
- The development of renal hypertension, when indicators of "lower" pressure increase.
- The appearance of blood in the urine.
- The occurrence of circulatory disorders in a diseased kidney.
- The presence of impaired outflow of urine from a diseased kidney.
- The presence of dull pain in the ureter, in addition in the bladder.
- Kidney enlargement.
Infection
In the event that the patient’s immunity is weakened, an infection may join, which will provoke an inflammatory process. In such a situation, the patient will feel all the symptoms of an infectious lesion, which will manifest themselves in the form of general weakness, painful and rapid urination, aching constant girdle pain and fever. As part of a urinalysis study, an increased content of leukocytes will be detected in it, in addition, the detection of cylinders and red blood cells is not ruled out.
So, a 5 cm kidney cyst was detected, what should I do?
The threat of chronic failure
In the absence of timely therapy, the patient may develop chronic insufficiency of this organ. This pathology manifests itself, as a rule, with polyuria, that is, frequent urges to empty. In addition, symptoms may occur in the form of weakness, thirst, and high blood pressure. In the event that the size of the cyst is large, then it will press not only on the ureters, but also on important vessels. This will eventually lead to atrophy of the affected organ.
Cyst on the kidney and its causes
Despite the fact that a cyst on the kidneys is not so uncommon, the causes of pathologists are still not fully understood. Mostly these are congenital neoplasms, but they can also form after birth.
It is believed that cysts occur on the kidneys due to hereditary or infectious factors. The process of cyst formation itself occurs in connection with its development from the area of the renal tubules. Such formations arise due to the increased proliferation of epithelial cells, which are lined with renal tubules from the inside.
To understand what to do with a cyst on the left kidney, you need to know their classification.
Kidney cysts and their types
Kidney cysts are classified according to various signs. For example, they are usually congenital or acquired by origin. Directly by the nature of kidney damage, they are divided into multiple and single species. According to the criterion of fluid quality, the following types are distinguished within the formation:
- Hemorrhagic type, when the fluid has blood impurities.
- Serous appearance.
- Purulent type, formed as a result of the attachment of inflammation due to infection.
In addition, cysts are simple and complex. A simple cyst is a spherical cavity filled with fluid. This type of cyst is most common. They are the safest, since the risk of their transformation into cancer is very low. This pathology is absolutely asymptomatic.
What to do with a cyst on the kidneys in men? Complex cysts are distinguished by the fact that they have several separate sectors, and the surface contours are completely uneven. In cases in which there are thickened septa in the cavity of such a cyst, the risk of its degeneration into cancer increases. In complex cysts, calcified deposits are often observed. One or another site of such a cyst can be additionally supplied with blood. And given the fact that the vessels always encircle cancerous tumors, this once again indicates the possible transformation of a complex cyst into kidney cancer. In addition, cysts differ depending on the structure of their structure:
- Sinus type of cyst.
- Parenchymal type of kidney cyst.
- Solitary type of cyst.
So, consider what to do with a cyst on the kidney.
Treatment and diagnosis
Before prescribing a specific treatment for suspected kidney cysts, the doctor directs the patient for a comprehensive examination. The diagnosis is established taking into account the patient's complaints. Polycystic is usually determined by palpation. In such cases, the size of the kidney increases, it has a tuberous structure. Against the background of laboratory tests in the blood of such a patient, anemia will be detected along with a decrease in functional proteins, an increase in creatinine and urea. At the same time, leukocytes and erythrocytes are also found in the urine, among other things, the specific gravity of urine decreases.
Ultrasound scan
The main way to determine the presence of cysts in the kidneys today is an ultrasound scan. It is this technique that makes it possible to determine the localization of education and its size. If it is necessary to perform differential diagnostics, a contrast radiography technique may also be proposed. One of the modern techniques that are additionally applied is computed tomography.
Only a urologist with full knowledge of this issue will be able to explain in detail to the patient what the danger of cystic formation in the kidneys lies in. But the main risk that this pathology hides in itself is the possibility of the appearance of other diseases.
Conservative drug therapy for kidney cysts is quite limited in its capabilities, but thanks to it, the general condition of the patient can be adjusted without removing the cyst. Most often, doctors carry out symptomatic treatment, which consists in taking medications that lower blood pressure, stopping pain in the lumbar region. Usually, medications relieve inflammation, normalizing the outflow of urine. In the case of the attachment of bacterial infections, which, incidentally, occurs quite often, antibiotics are prescribed to the patient.
What to do with a cyst on the kidney, not everyone knows.
When is surgery necessary?
In the absence of the required treatment, a kidney cyst can provoke quite serious complications in the form of suppuration, capsule ruptures and hemorrhages. In this situation, emergency surgery is required. In the event that the diameter of the neoplasm is not more than five centimeters, and it does not provoke a violation of the urinary outflow and blood circulation, such a cyst, as a rule, is simply observed. Planned surgical intervention is necessary in the following cases:
- Because of a human cyst, severe pain is tormented.
- The size of the cyst is too large, as a result of which it presses on adjacent organs.
- Renal bleeding is present.
- A cyst causes a violation of the urinary outflow.
- There is a risk of rupture of the membranes of the cyst.
- The formation was infected by bacteria.
- There is a cancerous tumor in the cyst.
Against the background of an uncomplicated cyst, it is drained. This procedure is carried out under the control of a special ultrasound device. A needle is inserted into the cyst through which fluid is pumped out. After that, a sclerosing substance is introduced into it, due to which the cyst walls stick together. The main disadvantage of this type of operation is the fact that there is a risk of cystic contents entering the kidney tissue. Because of this, sepsis and infection can occur. In some particularly severe cases, patients are prescribed a nephroectomy, that is, removal of the kidney.
If you find a cyst on the kidney, what to do, it is better to check with your doctor.
What are the contraindications for the operation to remove the cyst?
Such an operation should not be carried out in the following cases:
- When the patient does not feel any discomfort due to the presence of a cyst in the kidney.
- There are no violations of the outflow of urine due to a cyst.
- There are problems with blood coagulation, in addition, diseases of the circulatory system.
- The presence of severe concomitant pathologies in the patient.
Surgical Options
In general, there are several types of surgical intervention that are used to treat kidney cysts:
- Biopsy of the cyst.
- Performing cyst enucleation, that is, its husking.
- Carrying out a resection of the kidney, within which the formation with a part of the renal tissue is removed, but the organ is preserved.
- Resection of the cyst.
- Performing a nephroectomy, that is, complete removal of the kidney.
Surgery related to the removal of a cyst on the kidney is a dangerous activity. Against the background of any of the listed types of interventions, various complications are possible that are associated with damage to the abdominal system of this organ. Among the complications, urinary leakage is most often observed along with the addition of infection, bleeding and divergence of sutures. Thus, the treatment of cysts seems to be a rather complicated and lengthy process.
What to do with cysts of both kidneys?
Removal of a kidney cyst by laparoscopy
Removal of kidney cysts through laparoscopic intervention is a less traumatic and modern technique, due to which pathological formations are completely removed. In the event that the cyst is located in the kidney parenchyma and there is a high risk of damage to the collector system, the patient will be obliged to be warned that the surgical field may be expanded during the operation. It is possible that a kidney resection will be needed along with cyst husking or a complete removal of the organ.
The method of laparoscopic surgery is to introduce gas substance into the operated area in order to expand the field and increase the total space for performing certain manipulations. After that, an endoscope is inserted into the operated area through the so-called puncture incisions, which are usually three. After the introduction of trocars into the space and the complete removal of the cystic formation, sutures are applied to the incisions. Drainage tubes are brought to the area where the cyst was removed.
In addition to removing the kidney cyst, there is also the possibility of laparoscopic resection. In this case, the kidney is completely preserved. An indication for such an intervention is the size of the formation up to three centimeters.
After laparoscopic surgery, the patient is prescribed treatment with antibiotics, painkillers. If necessary, anti-inflammatory drugs can additionally be prescribed. Sutures are removed on the seventh day after the operation.
What to do to resolve the cyst on the kidney?
Such an outcome is possible in children, if hormonal disorders contributed to the formation of the pathology. In the adolescent period, benign formations resolve due to rearrangements in the endocrine system. There are treatment methods that lead to resorption of cysts. It is important to timely identify a pathological formation in order to begin its elimination.
If the size of the cystic mass is not more than 5 cm, then it is regularly monitored. In addition, folk methods are used, the healing process is accelerated with the help of a diet. If a rapid growth of the neoplasm is noted, special preparations are prescribed to the patient, the action of which is aimed at the resorption of the cyst.
In most cases, cysts can be treated with medication.
For example, "Fraction ASD-2" is not a certified medicinal product, which is used as a traditional medicine. The medicine should be taken on an empty stomach, 30 drops per 100 ml of water. The course lasts 5 days, then you need a break for 3 days.
Anesthetics not only give an analgesic effect, but also slow down the inflammatory process. Doctors often prescribe Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Baralgin.
Antibiotics eliminate bacteria, infections that can trigger the inflammatory process. Also, with cysts, potassium and novocaine salt, "Rifampicin", "Metacyclin", "Levorin" are used.
Below are the proven recipes for treating kidney cysts with folk remedies.
It is recommended to drink freshly squeezed burdock juice on an empty stomach for 2 tbsp. l 3 times a day. A strong diuretic effect is produced by finely chopped burdock leaves. 200 grams should be refrigerated and consumed for several days. They can be added to salads, as well as other dishes.
Celandine treatment is popular, but you need to remember that it is poisonous. An infusion is prepared from fresh raw materials in a proportion of 1:10. 100 ml should be taken, then increase the dosage to 200 ml per day.
2 tbsp. l sugar, 30 grams of grated elecampane. Everything is placed in a three-liter jar, filled with warm water, after a while kvass is formed. Take 3 times a day, 100 ml.
If you follow a special diet, this will also contribute to the resorption of the cyst. It is necessary to exclude all foods that irritate the kidneys, reduce the amount of salt per day. To consume a lot of dairy products, give up alcohol, drink at least 2 liters of water per day (if there are no contraindications).
Is it possible to massage with a kidney cyst?
If the size of the cyst is constantly increasing or it is already more than 5 cm, then it is unacceptable:
- Overheating - it is forbidden to go to the bathhouse and sauna.
- Physiotherapy, including massage.
- Self-medication without the approval of a doctor.
Now we know what to do with a cyst on the kidney.