In order to prevent and treat viral diseases, interferon inducers are used. The mechanism of their action is associated with the production of protein substances that prevent the propagation of pathogenic pathogens. Inductant-based drugs can fight respiratory diseases, herpetic and hepatitis infections, and flu.
Interferon determination
This is the name of the group of compounds of protein origin. They are produced by cells that are infected with viral pathogens.
Interferon substances are factors of a nonspecific protective mechanism in the body against bacterial, chlamydial, pathogenic fungal infections, and tumor cell structures. They also play the role of regulators of the intercellular interaction of systemic immunity. They are also called immunomodulators with an endogenous nature.
There are several forms of human interferon substances: leukocyte, or a-interferon, fibroblast, or b-interferon, and immune, or g-interferon.
The scheme of the mechanism of their work begins with the binding of proteins and receptors of a specific nature in cells. With this interaction, protein molecules are synthesized within three dozen. Regulatory peptides stimulate the activity of T-type lymphocytes and macrophage structures, prevent the entry of viruses through the cell membrane and multiply them. It is they that determine the protective properties.
Natural interferon inducers are viral cells that have invaded a living organism. They are strong and weak stimulants of protective protein production. Most causative agents of serious illnesses are bad inducers. These include cytomegalovirus and HIV infection, herpes, hepatitis C and B. But many pathogens that cause respiratory viral diseases are considered to be strong stimulants for the production of a protective protein.
Interferon inducers (drugs): what is it
This is commonly referred to as synthetic immunomodulator class drugs. They are manufactured by pharmaceutical companies. Interferon inducers (drugs) are classified as a large class of compounds with different chemical structures. The active ingredient can be low and high molecular weight, synthetic or natural origin. They share a common property that allows you to induce your own or endogenous interferon in the cells of the body. Such drugs are capable of exhibiting antiviral and immunomodulatory effects.
How do they act
Inducers of endogenous interferon - drugs aimed in most cases to combat viral infection. The mechanism of their effect is based on the contact of the active substance of the drug with cellular and tissue contents, the result of which is the production of a protective protein.
Interferon inducers are pharmaceutical products that artificially increase the release of protein. Their action is similar to natural stimulants, which include viral, bacterial cells and various substances.
The use of interferon inducers can provoke hyporeactivity. In this state, with the repeated administration of the drug, the protective protein does not respond in response, and its suppression is observed. At this stage, it is not advisable to administer the medicine. The duration of this state is determined by the inductor itself. A change in the active substance, as well as interruption of treatment with the same remedy, helps to eliminate hyporeactivity.
The appointment of drugs that stimulate the production of a protective protein does not cause serious undesirable consequences requiring their withdrawal.
The advantage of inducers of endogenous protein
There are two ways to increase immunity with interferon. This compound can be administered exogenously or directly into the body. Another way involves endogenous interferonization with the introduction of substances that stimulate the production of one's own interferon. Such a protein does not show antigenicity, which cannot be said about recombinant interferon. Long-term administration of the finished protein in the form of preparations leads to the development of undesirable reactions.
Inducing endogenous interferon in the study of their effectiveness showed pharmacological activity in a wide range of infections. Their bifunctional property was established, characterized by an antiviral effect and a pronounced immunomodulating effect.
The action of interferon inducers leads to the synthesis of proteins, which in their activity are similar to ready-made protective proteins. This process is considered balanced, it is controlled by mechanisms that reliably protect the body from the excessive formation of these compounds.
With a single use of drugs that induce interferon, a fairly long circulation of the protective protein occurs in the desired therapeutic dose. To obtain such a dosage when prescribing an exogenous protein, it should be repeatedly administered in large volumes. Such treatment is considered more expensive.
Drug List
Currently, doctors are increasingly using interferon inducers - drugs, the list of which is updated with new medicines every year. A large number of immunomodulatory agents can fight many diseases.
The immune system contains functionally interconnected components that eliminate the antigenic compounds that are unusual for the body. Each element of immunity has specific agents. This explains the variety of drugs that contribute to the production of protective protein.
There are various interferon inducers (drugs), the list of which is headed by the drug "Poludan". This tool is considered the very first stimulant of protective proteins, which began to be used back in the 70s. It includes polyadenyl and polyuridic acids. Its effectiveness in the production of interferon is small. Herpetic keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis are treated with eye drops and injections of the drug "Poludan". A solution of the drug makes applications for the treatment of colpitis and herpetic vulvovaginitis.
Interferon inducers — Actaviron, Lavomax, Tilaxin, Tiloron Dihydrochloride, Amiksin, Tiloram preparations — contain the active component of Tiloron.
Medicines "Ridostin" and "Sodium salt of double-stranded ribonucleic acid" are available with the active substance sodium ribonucleate.
The substance umifenovir is part of the medicines "Arbidol", "Arbivir", "Immustat" and "Arpeflu".
There are also interferon inducers, the drugs of which are called by the name of the active substances. These include Kagocel and Tiloron tablets.
Meglumine Acridone Acetate and Cycloferon medicines are produced on the basis of meglumine acridone acetate, and sodium oxodihydroacridinyl acetate is present in the drug Neovir.
The composition of the drug “Iodantipirin” includes 1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-iodopyrazolone, and the tablets “Alpizarin” contains a salt of magniferrin.
Interferon inducers for children, their description
There are a large number of adult medicines that can be given to a child, but only from a certain age. For example, four-year-old children begin to be treated with Cycloferon, and Ridostin is prescribed from the age of seven. Both drugs have a wide range of effects. They are suitable for the treatment of respiratory diseases of a viral nature, the state of influenza, chronic hepatitis, herpes disease. Their disadvantage is possible undesirable side reactions.
Interferon inducers are drugs for children in a special form, designed specifically for the child. Among them, the drug "Arbidol" is isolated. It has been used since the age of two. Children's form of the drug is in the form of capsules for internal use. The drug has antiviral and immunomodulatory effects.
It refers to anti-influenza drugs that suppress type B and A virus cells. With his participation, the production of internal interferon is stimulated, which prevents contact and the penetration of infection into the cell. Under the action of a protective protein, the lipid viral membrane is unable to bind to the cell membrane.
Interferon inducers for children enhance the immunity of the humoral type, with their action the body becomes more resistant to infectious agents, and the number of complications is reduced.
The drug "Kagocel" has a similar effect on the child's body. It is produced in the form of tablets for internal use. The legal age for using the medicine is from three years.
Respiratory Therapy
Interferon inducers are drugs for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, which lead to the formation of a protective protein in the cells of the body. They are also prescribed for influenza.
The most effective drugs are tilorone-based medicines, which include Tiloron and Amiksin tablets. For the treatment of influenza and acute respiratory viral illness, adults are advised to use 125 mg orally at a time. This dose is distributed over the first two days, then 125 mg is taken every other day. The course amount of the drug is 750 mg.
For preventive measures, 125 mg at a time is used, then a 6-day break. This course is repeated for about six weeks.
Tilorone-based drugs are contraindicated in case of individual intolerance, during pregnancy and during breastfeeding.
Taking such medications can cause nausea, fever, an allergic reaction.
The drug "Umifenovir" has interferon-inducing activity, stimulates cell-type immunity, and increases the resistance of the whole organism to pathogens.
For preventive measures in contact with sick people, a daily dose of 200 mg is prescribed for one week. In the seasonal period of influenza and respiratory diseases, a daily dose of 100 mg is used at a time, then a two-day break is taken. This course lasts three weeks. For the treatment of colds, 200 mg is prescribed 4 times a day, for three days.
Drugs with umifenovir are not used with existing individual intolerance, during severe somatic pathologies. Taking such medications can cause allergic manifestations.
Autoimmune Disease Treatment
Such diseases include pathological conditions in which antibodies are produced or auto-aggressive clones of killer cells multiply in response to healthy tissues. This leads to damage and destruction of healthy tissue, the result of which is autoimmune inflammation.
Interferon inducers are usually used for treatment. Preparations for autoimmune diseases are prescribed by those that have an immunosuppressive effect.
For the treatment of multiple sclerosis, the drug "Amiksin" is used. At the slightest manifestation of an acute respiratory infection, which exacerbates the condition, a dose of 125 mg or 250 mg of the drug after a meal is prescribed. Tablets are drunk every other day, the duration of administration is from 6 to 12 days.
To prevent exacerbation of multiple sclerosis, 125 mg of the drug is prescribed, 2 times in 7 days.
In the complex treatment of the active phase of the disease with signs of exacerbation, the drug is taken 125 mg 10 times every 30 days for 6 months. The drug Amiksin is prescribed together with peptide bioregulators, the general effect of which reduces the body’s increased sensitivity to myelin protein.
Combined therapy with the Cycloferon drug allows combating reactive and rheumatoid arthritis, systemic diseases that affect connective tissue. His work is aimed at suppressing autoimmune processes, which provides an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. With the help of the tool, the immune state is regulated with various immunodeficiency disorders. The medicine “Cycloferon” is produced in tablet form, in the form of an injection solution and liniment.
For the treatment of arthritis, the drug is administered intravenously or intramuscularly once a day. A dosage of 250 mg is used from the first to the twelfth day on even days. In acute diseases, an initial increased dose of 500 mg is used.
Therapy of viral diseases
The drug "Amiksin" refers to interferon inducers of low molecular weight fluoreon class. With his participation, all types of protective proteins are formed, the level of which reaches the highest value in plasma a day after the use of the medication.
The medicine has a wide range of antiviral effects. In addition to respiratory diseases, it is used for acute and chronic hepatitis C and B, genital recurrent herpes, cytomegalovirus and chlamydial infections.
Many antiviral drugs are interferon inducers, and Neovir is no exception. With his participation, a large amount of protective protein is produced, especially the fibroblast type, which explains the immunomodulatory, antitumor and antiviral effect of this medication. The drug "Neovir" treats encephalitis, hepatitis C and B, urethritis, cervicitis, salpingitis caused by chlamydia.
Another similar inducer of a low molecular weight protective protein is the Cycloferon drug, for the synthesis of which carboxymethylene acridone methyl glucamine salt is used. With his participation, alpha-interferon is formed, the content of which in the lymphoid tissue is maintained for three days.
In T and B type lymphocytes, macrophages, the formation of a protective protein, the activation of stem structures in the bone marrow, and the stimulation of the production of granulocytic units take place. The medicine is used for tick-borne encephalitis, herpes, hepatitis, cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus and papillomas.
In addition to antiviral effects, the drug is active in acute and chronic bacterial chlamydia, erysipelas, bronchitis, complications of postoperative infections of the genitourinary system, ulcerative lesions.
Lavomax medicine appeared on the pharmaceutical market, manufactured by Nizhpharm. It has an immunomodulatory effect, the ability to induce interferons, and an antiviral effect of a large range.
Lavomax tablets contain 125 mg of tilorone as an active compound. The drug is an analogue of Amiksin. His activity is aimed at stimulating the production of three types of interferon in T-lymphocytes, hepatocytes, and epithelial cells of the intestinal wall.
The effect of immunomodulatory effects occurs due to the restoration of the balance between immunocompetent cells and the normalization of antibody production. The basis of the mechanism of antiviral activity is the inhibition of the synthesis of proteins specific for viruses in infected areas of the body. This violates their further reproduction.
The drug successfully treats influenza, respiratory diseases, viral hepatitis and herpes rashes.
Quick action inductors
Usually the introduction of such medications leads to the rapid development of a protective protein.
Fast inducers of endogenous interferon within a few hours in the body can cause the formation of protein, which proves their effectiveness.
The substance tiloron after internal use increases the concentration of protein to its maximum value after 4 hours. A gradual formation of interferon is observed, first in the intestine, then in the liver, and after a day in the blood.
The drug Cycloferon induces protein after 4 hours, and the peak is observed after 8 hours, after which a gradual decrease in concentration occurs.