Vomiting refers to the reflex eruption of the contents of the duodenum or stomach through the mouth or nasal cavity. This process occurs due to contraction of the abdominal muscle tissue.
During vomiting, the outlet of the stomach closes, and his body relaxes, after which the entrance to the main digestive organ opens, the esophagus and oral cavity expand. The entire described reflex act is controlled by the vomiting center, which is located in the medulla oblongata.
General information
Vomiting can be preceded by nausea, increased salivation, swallowing movements of an involuntary nature, lacrimation and rapid breathing.
Vomit is food debris, mucus, gastric juice, bile, and impurities such as, for example, blood or pus.
Eruption of the contents of the stomach can occur with a number of infections (for example, with scarlet fever, typhoid, etc.), irritation of the peritoneum, poisoning (including alcohol, food, medication, narcotic), gastritis, the accumulation of toxic metabolic products in the blood, peptic ulcer, as well as in pregnant women, etc. In addition, this condition is often observed with strong negative emotions, unrest, irritation of the vestibular apparatus (including seasickness), a disorder of the center of the nervous system, including concussion, cerebrovascular accident, meningitis, etc.
Sometimes, along with vomit, harmful and toxic substances leave the human body.
Is it dangerous for a child?
Vomiting in children is a frequent and dangerous phenomenon. Any condition of the child accompanied by an eruption of the contents of the stomach should be evaluated only by a pediatrician. After all, only a specialist will be able to make the correct diagnosis, as well as conduct a full examination and prescribe timely treatment.
When vomiting in a child, parents should provide him with proper care. In this case, you should try to eliminate all emetic attacks, since such a condition is fraught with dehydration. The signs of the latter include:
- plaque in the tongue, dry mouth and chapped lips;
- dry skin, rough to the touch;
- complete cessation of urination or a marked decrease in the amount of urine;
- dry eyelids and sunken eyes.
To avoid the above symptoms, experts recommend giving children rehydration drugs when they vomit. One of these medicines is Regidron. For children with vomiting and diarrhea, this remedy is prescribed very often. How to take it correctly is described below.
Form, description, composition, packaging of the drug
Before giving Rehydron to a child with vomiting, it is necessary to study the attached instructions. It says that the drug is an enteric agent for detoxification and rehydration. On sale, it comes in the form of a crystalline powder of white color, which is intended for the preparation of a colorless and transparent solution for oral administration.
The composition of the drug includes elements such as sodium chloride, sodium citrate, dextrose, potassium, sodium, chlorine and citrate.
The powder is packed in multilayer laminated bags, which are placed in packs of cardboard.
Operating principle
All parents should be aware of how to properly give Rehydron to a child with vomiting.
Often, such an oral drug is also used for diarrhea (with the aim of correcting the imbalance of fluid and electrolytes).
The dextrose that is part of the product is able to promote the absorption of electrolytes, due to which metabolic acidosis is regulated.
Pharmacokinetic features
How to give Rehydron to a child with vomiting is described in the instructions. It also contains information about the pharmacokinetic properties of this drug. The absorption of water, dextrose and electrolytes, which are part of the product, are similar to those contained in the human body.
When is it prescribed?
Most often, the drug "Rehydron" is prescribed for children with vomiting (for oral rehydration). Also, this tool is used to prevent dehydration (mild to moderate) with acute diarrhea.
Contraindications
Before giving Rehydron to a child with vomiting, all the contraindications available to the drug should be studied. According to the instructions, they include:
- coma condition;
- increased sensitivity of the patient to the components of the drug;
- severe dehydration;
- severe vomiting
- intestinal obstruction;
- cholera diarrhea;
- glucose-galactose malabsorption.
Instructions for use "Regidron"
Children with vomiting are often prescribed such a remedy. Before starting therapy, the patient must be weighed in order to assess the degree of dehydration and weight loss.
Breastfeeding the baby or the usual nutrition of the child while taking the solution should not be interrupted or continued immediately after rehydration. During the treatment with a medication, it is necessary to avoid the intake of fatty foods, as well as foods consisting of simple carbohydrates, as this can aggravate diarrhea.
How long should I give Rehydron to a child with vomiting? In order to prevent dehydration, the use of this agent is recommended to begin immediately after frequent bowel movements or eruption of the contents of the stomach.
Usually, the medication is used for 3-4 days. Therapy is stopped with the end of vomiting or diarrhea.
Features of the preparation and use of the solution
How to take Rehydron for children with vomiting? In this condition, the finished solution is preferably used in a chilled form. It must be taken in small portions, using, for example, a teaspoon.
For the proper preparation of the medicine, the contents of one sachet are poured into a 1 liter glass jar, after which the container with the drug is filled with boiled but chilled drinking water. By mixing the components with a large spoon, a colorless solution is obtained, which must be taken orally. If required, the finished drug can be administered through a nasogastric tube, but only in a hospital setting.
In order for the solution to retain all its properties, it is advisable to keep it in a refrigerator at a temperature of 2-8 ° C. In this case, the drug must be consumed within a day.
In order not to disrupt the effect of the medication, it is forbidden to add any components to it, except the contents of the bag.
Dosage for liquid replenishment
How to take Rehydron for children with vomiting? To replenish fluid in the body and avoid dehydration, such a drug should be taken in the first 6-10 hours after the start of vomiting. In this case, the dosage of the drug is calculated depending on the loss of body weight of the child. For example, if the loss is 400 g, then the volume of the necessary preparation should be 800 ml.
During the treatment with Regidron, the use of other fluids is optional. Eating in the first four hours of fluid replenishment is undesirable.
It must be borne in mind that when taking large volumes of the solution, the patient may experience even greater vomiting.
How to drink "Rehydron" in children with vomiting to prevent dehydration?
If the child often vomits in large numbers, and also has diarrhea, you should immediately contact a pediatrician, since such a condition can easily cause dehydration of the child's body and, as a result, death.
The dosage of the drug with a strong imbalance of electrolytes and water is calculated only by a specialist, individually. It should be remembered that very small patients are better to give other solutions that contain less sodium and have lower osmolarity.
Negative Actions
How often to give Rehydron to a child with vomiting? The prepared solution must be drunk in equal portions during the day. With the rapid use of the drug, vomiting may resume and the patient may worsen.
In children with normal kidney function, the risk of hypernatremia or excessive water intake is very low.
Overdose cases
About how much to give "Rehydron" to a child with vomiting, it was indicated above. If the dosage of the drug is not observed (i.e., if it is exceeded), the patient may experience the following conditions: hypernatremia, weakness, confusion, neuromuscular agitation, respiratory arrest, drowsiness.
People with kidney dysfunction may develop hyperkalemia, which is manifested by heart rhythm disturbance and weakness.
In case of overdose, you should immediately consult a specialist.
Drug interaction
How to give Rehydron to a child with vomiting and diarrhea, if he is taking other medications? According to the attached instructions, the solution in question has a slightly alkaline reaction, and therefore it can affect medications, the absorption of which depends on the pH of the contents of the stomach or intestines.
It's important to know!
Given the composition of the Regidron powder, special care must be taken in patients with diabetes mellitus, liver, kidney, and dysfunction, as well as people who follow a low-salt diet.
In children with kidney failure, diabetes, and other chronic diseases, conditions such as vomiting and diarrhea can cause significant imbalances in the body’s water or glucose balance. Therefore, the treatment of such patients may require hospitalization and careful laboratory monitoring. In the event that the child’s need for an additional administration of Regidron was not confirmed in the course of research, the recommended dosage should not be exceeded.
Dehydration, which is accompanied by a loss in body weight of more than 10%, as well as the cessation of urine output, must be treated with intravenous rehydration drugs. Further, the use of the drug "Rehydron" is allowed.
With severe vomiting in a child, you should wait 10 minutes after the completion of the attack, and then give the medication to drink slowly and in small sips.
Call to a specialist
The child must be shown to a specialist if the following situations arise during the use of the Regidron solution:
- severe pain in the abdominal cavity;
- slow speech;
- bloody stools;
- irritability;
- incessant vomiting;
- body temperature rises above 39 ° C;
- fatigue;
- diarrhea lasting more than two days;
- stupor;
- drowsiness.
With diarrhea resulting from cholera or a number of other intestinal infections, using the solution in question to make up for the loss of electrolytes and water may not be enough.
People on a diet with a low content of K, or with renal failure, should be aware that in the composition of the "Rehydron" this component is contained in an amount of 33.5 mmol.
Terms and conditions of storage of the drug
Powder "Rehydron" must be stored at a temperature of +15 ... + 25 ° C out of the reach of small children. The shelf life of this drug is three years. It is forbidden to apply after the specified period.
Ready solution "Regidron" should be kept only in the refrigerator and only during the day.