Red rashes on the body: causes, possible diseases, treatment methods, prevention

Red rashes on the body are unpleasant both from a medical and an aesthetic point of view. Such marks on the body are a sign of various diseases, ranging from ordinary and relatively harmless diathesis or a banal burn to thorough autoimmune pathologies or damage to internal organs.

Causes

"Red rashes" are a general concept, since it can include several points, as well as rashes that cover the entire body. Formations differ in symptoms - they can burn, itch, peel off or react to chemical or physical irritants, and also may not appear in any way. Red spots and rashes on the body may appear due to the following factors.

1. Burns. Chemical or thermal effects are very common redness factors. This problem occurs due to the sun, at the moment of contact with a hot surface, as well as when using aggressive chemicals.
2. Parasites. This category includes both internal and external organisms. The latter most often include mosquitoes, domestic fleas and bugs. Because of their influence, red rashes on the body appear in places of bites. Internal parasites disrupt the intestines, thereby causing a rash.
3. Viruses. Rashes can cause various diseases provoked by non-cellular infectious agents - measles, chickenpox, herpes zoster or herpes, meningitis, rubella.
4. Allergies. Red rashes on the body in an adult or baby appear with external interaction with an irritant or its internal use.
5. Fungal infections.
6. Bacteria. Microorganisms are a common cause of redness. Often streptococci cause local inflammation, sneaking into the middle layer of the dermis at the time of bathing or in other contact with the pathogen's place of residence. It should be noted that rashes on the body and red spots can cause any cocci.
7. Autoimmune diseases. The most common problem of this type is lupus. It is characterized by red rashes in the shape of a butterfly. Similar symptoms apply to other autoimmune diseases, namely pemphigus, scleroderma, or psoriasis.
8. Stresses are potential factors in the appearance of skin lesions or allergic reactions, accompanied by the formation of red spots.
9. Mechanical damage. A person does not always notice violations of the stratum corneum of the skin. But redness may appear at the site of such an injury.

Types of rash

There are two main subtypes of rash on the body:

• primary - occurs on healthy, not yet altered skin;
• secondary - is a consequence of primary changes.

The former are considered much more dangerous and more important. The main types of rashes and red dots on the body can be divided into the following types.

• A spot is a reddened part of the body on which there are no tubercles and protrusions. It is formed due to the appearance of excess blood. When you press on a similar area, the redness decreases, and after a few seconds appears.
• Blisters are rough red rashes on the body that resemble a tubercle, that is, they rise above the level of the skin. Most often formed at the time of an allergy or from an insect bite. It does not stay on the body for a long time and disappears after a few hours.
• Vesicle (vesicle). The element also rises above the skin, but looks like a round bubble and is completely filled with a blood or clear liquid.
• Bulla (bubble). This neoplasm rises above the skin and is filled with a yellowish or clear liquid. It can have various sizes - from very tiny to palm size. Formed due to burns.
• Ulcers and erosion. The first are body defects that occur under the influence of external factors. Erosion is the same flaws, but in this embodiment, the basement membrane is unaffected, is considered a secondary element.
• Pustules (pustules) are red rashes on the body of an infectious-inflammatory nature, have a certain cavity in which pus is located.
• Purpura. This problem can be called pathology. Some parts of the body acquire a blood color, as there is excessive removal of red blood cells from the capillaries.
• Erythema - redness on the skin, which is accompanied by a long and bright severity. Quite often it is a normal reaction of the body to stress, anger and anger. If the redness does not go away for a long time, then we can talk about the presence of pathology.
• A knot is a large-sized formation that forms under the skin, thereby creating a bulge. They are not accompanied by itching and are painless.
• Papules are the same nodes, only much smaller. It forms under the skin, resembling a circle in shape. If you press it, the bloody tint will disappear.
• Macules - red rashes on the body in an adult and a child, appearing as a result of damage to the area on the surface of the skin. It is shown in brown, red and yellowish tones. There is a manifestation of bruising for no apparent reason.
• Crust. A similar secondary element appears when the drying of bubbles, pustules and other things forms. They are purulent or serous.
• Hemorrhage. It can be called a pathological hemorrhage. It is expressed in different ways, formed on a certain area of ​​the skin due to external influences or various pathologies of the body.
• Roseola is a pink-colored stain that indicates that its carrier has a viral lesion.

Possible skin diseases

Red rashes on the body, photos of which can be seen later, are often provoked by various skin ailments. Often this occurs due to an allergic reaction. As well as hormonal changes and genetic factors play a significant role. The following are the most common diseases with major symptoms.

1. Acne Acne is a common skin disease. Typical is the filling of purulent pore secretions and red nodules. Most often appears on the face, but can form on the arms, back, chest and shoulders.
2. Psoriasis. In this case, the cover becomes inflamed and reddens, then becomes covered with white scales. Often, such a rash is accompanied by itching.
3. Eczema - such a red rash on the body of an adult itches, as the skin becomes dry and scaly. Similar spots appear intermittently or form in a chronic form.
4. Urticaria - often manifests itself in the form of very itchy scars on the skin. It spreads instantly to large areas. Red spots can have a significant range of triggers. Among them are some medicinal products, as well as cold, pressure and heat.
5. Pink lichen - similar rashes on the body in the form of red spots usually develop quickly on the skin and mucous membranes, sometimes accompanied by itching. Very often formed on the ankles, wrists and lower legs, also on the shoulders and neck.
6. Scabies. This ailment is caused by scabies mites. They gnaw passages in the skin and cause red inflammation and severely itchy, limited rashes. Itching intensifies at night.
7. Rosacea. Such a malaise is characterized by red spots and dilated veins on the skin of the face. Redness on the cheeks, nose and forehead can form for a long time surrounded by acne and pustules.
8. Fungus skin. It looks like slightly reddened, itchy patches of skin. Depending on the type of pathogenic organism, they can occur in various areas of the body, most often located in the folds of the skin.

Possible allergic causes

Rashes on the body in the form of red spots are not always caused by the disease, an allergic reaction can often occur. Allergens enter the body through the mucous membranes or the skin. Often a similar condition is accompanied by cough, runny nose, itching and rash. Often, the body reacts inappropriately to substances such as pollen, certain foods, and cosmetics. Red small rashes on the body also appear when exposed to drugs or chemicals.

Infectious diseases

Various red rashes on the body of an adult, photos of which can be seen later, are associated not only with skin ailments, but also with infectious problems. These ailments include:

• syphilis;
• shingles;
• hepatitis;
• glandular fever;
• dengue fever;
• Lyme disease.

Not always with these ailments red rashes form, they most often appear at certain stages of the disease.

Red rashes on the body of the child and the baby

For children and infants, the presence of such a rash may indicate one of the typical childhood diseases.

1. Three-day fever most often occurs in children from one to three years. Initially, a high temperature appears, and then a pale red rash appears. Small spots form most often in the neck and trunk, but can also expand on the face.
2. Chickenpox. From this disease, children who go to kindergarten most often suffer. Severe fever is accompanied by the spread of red spots with bubbles throughout the body. All these rashes are very itchy, and if you let the baby scratch them, then after healing there will be pockmarks on the skin.
3. Measles initially presents with flu-like symptoms such as coughing, fever, and runny nose. At the next stage of the disease, red spots appear, which after a certain time merge together into a single spot. Unlike chickenpox, measles rashes do not itch. Such red rashes in a baby on the body are very dangerous, so the child must be hospitalized without fail, since this ailment can lead to death.
4. Rubella. The disease begins with an increase in lymph nodes and a slight increase in body temperature. Further, a rash forms behind the ears and from there spreads throughout the body and face.
5. Scarlet fever is manifested by severe fever, as well as inflammatory processes in the throat with difficulty swallowing. In addition to this, a strong red rash is visible, and the tongue becomes a bright crimson color.

Distinctive features

An adult has many causes of rashes and red spots on the body, but each of them has its own distinctive signs that help determine the diagnosis. A person most often can independently differentiate them, for this he must pay attention to the parameters of the spots, as well as to the general well-being of the victim.

1. The easiest way to recognize mosquito bites. Mass attacks of such insects are seasonal. Almost immediately after contact with a similar parasite in the area of ​​the skin on which the blood was taken, the cover begins to itch strongly, and also a characteristic swelling appears on it.
2. The bites of domestic fleas are also very painful, but some victims may not feel them in a dream. Like mosquitoes, such bites are characterized by the presence of convex spots. They persist not very long after a bite. Further, the affected area becomes a red round dot. Fleas can sometimes create fancy patterns, following clothing lines, for example, along the edge of the sock.
3. At the time of infection of the body with lamblia, tapeworms and roundworms, a fairly wide range of skin lesions begins to form: from ordinary urticaria to purulent ulcers. The causes of rashes are intoxication of the body. When infected with tapeworms, scaly areas are formed. Other parasites cause different types of rashes, which are very easy to confuse with allergies, psoriasis or furunculosis.
4. Thermal, chemical, and mechanical injuries are very easy to diagnose for the formation of red spots. Their distinguishing feature is locality, since they arise only at the point of contact with the stimulus. Touching hot, friction on a rough surface or slight contact with chemicals may not initially provoke significant pain and visible manifestations. Light mechanical injuries of the epidermis are bloodless, but during their healing a stain begins to form, which disappears after a certain time, leaving a faint scar.
5. Itching and red rashes on the body form diaper rash - these are inflammations that appear due to the friction of skin folds against each other. They can appear in both adults and children due to poor hygiene, diseases like diabetes and being overweight. With a standard physique, diaper rash can develop under the armpits in case of prolonged contact with sweat. They can be differentiated easily by irregular shape and impact zone. Inflammation, which is in an easy stage, almost does not itch and does not hurt. When the pathological process spreads, the affected area cracks and an unpleasant odor forms, wounds with crusts from which the fluid oozes.
6. A distinctive sign of allergies is preliminary contact with the irritant - pollen, dust, drugs, food and other factors. Similar red rashes on the body itch and create discomfort. Due to stress, an allergic reaction can occur to previously safe components for humans. This condition is easy to recognize, because after taking antihistamines, all the symptoms very quickly die out.
7. It should be noted that autoimmune, fungal, viral and bacterial manifestations are difficult to identify without the help of professionals. Round rashes caused by lichen can be easily confused with other diseases, and redness in the form of a butterfly on the face is characteristic of lupus, although it can also form during an allergy. In this case, a diagnosis can be made only after passing additional tests. Small and large rashes of various shapes can appear for completely different reasons. For example, after a bath. A prolonged stay at high temperatures activates the skin capillary network, thereby forming a rush of blood to the affected areas. When the body is in a cooler environment, the robot of all systems is restored.

Where to go for help

Of course, you can try to determine the cause of the rash on your own, but there are cases in which it is very easy to make a mistake. Therefore, it is best to consult a dermatologist or general practitioner (family doctor, pediatrician or general practitioner) for advice.

When there are sufficient suggestions that this is an allergic reaction, then an immunologist-immunologist is required to appear. Self-using antihistamines can lead to the disappearance of skin rashes, but in this case you need to understand that the true cause of the allergy will not be identified, since complex treatment will not be performed. Therefore, in the future we can expect more serious allergic reactions.

Diagnostics

Only after a comprehensive examination of the patient and clarification of the cause of the disease can we talk about the appointment of therapy. All diagnostic measures begin with an appointment with a specialist who will conduct an external examination and identify the characteristics of the disease. Then, thanks to the analysis, the causative agent of the disease will be identified, which provoked the formation of red dots.

Treatment methods

Depending on the factor provoking the appearance of rashes, a certain treatment is prescribed.

• With allergies, antihistamines are prescribed primarily and limit interaction with the allergen. If the irritant gets on the skin again, the problem will reappear. With itching, Suprastin is a great help. And serious manifestations are required to consult a doctor. In the case of allergic eczema, various hormonal ointments help. They perfectly remove blisters, redness, rashes and itching.
• In case of infectious lesions, the use of combination therapy helps. At the same time, chemicals and antibiotics are prescribed. Antitoxic serum and immunoglobulins are an integral part of therapy. With their help, the body is easier to defeat toxins. In addition to these methods, you need to monitor proper nutrition and diet, saturate the body with vitamins and use anti-inflammatory drugs.

In case of vascular and blood disease, the following instructions must be followed:

• see a doctor immediately;
• timely treat any bleeding;
• eat right and eat vitamins;
• do not come into contact with chemicals;
• minimize stress.

For the treatment of noncommunicable diseases, it is required:

• maintain a diet, as it is a fundamental factor in treatment;
• take drugs that reduce complications;
• Undergo hospital procedures to help reduce the risk of complications
• get rid of addictions, namely from alcohol, cigarettes and drugs, since they increase the risk of the formation of the disease, and in the case of an existing ailment only worsen the condition.

Prevention

1. Follow all hygiene rules, change clothes on time after a hard day.
2. Drink plenty of water and other fluids to make your skin hydrated.
3. For children wearing diapers, be sure to apply a small amount of dusting powder or special cream before putting it on. It is also worth changing diapers as often as possible.
4. If you have a trip in which contact with insects is inevitable, you need to apply special protection or wear clothes that cover the body well.