In the modern world, a huge selection of anti-allergic medicines. One of the most active means is "Nazonex". Reviews about him are only good. This is the main drug of choice for allergies of any degree. Nazonex is an original Belgian drug manufactured by Schering Plow Corporation. Employees of the company have developed a spray, which includes the hormonal substance glucocorticoid mometasone. A tool is used to inject it into the nose.
Release form
In the instructions to the "Nazonex", according to patients' reviews, it is written in detail in what form the medication is made. It is available in the form of a white spray in bottles with a dispenser: sixty doses and one hundred and twenty doses. "Nazonex" is a dosed medication, therefore, it makes it possible to correctly adjust the calibration of the bottle. Proper calibration with each press of the dispenser allows you to stand out the necessary dose of the active component, which is fifty micrograms. Before pressing for the first time, press the spray gun ten times in succession. As a result of these manipulations, a smooth supply of the active component is established. If the patient has not used Nazonex for a crescent or more, a calibration check is required. To do this, press the spray gun twice. This is quite enough to resume the even supply of the active component.
Patients should know two more main points:
- A spray is a suspension in which the active substance is not dissolved, but randomly suspended. Remember this and shake the bottle before each use.
- The nozzle on the bottle may become clogged. From time to time it is necessary to remove the cap, nozzle and rinse the hole in the bottle with warm water. It is strictly forbidden to clean the nozzle with a sharp needle. This often leads to a breakdown of the dispenser and to a malfunction in its activity.
The main active substance is mometasonefuroate. In studies, the activity of this component against inflammation caused by an allergic reaction, both in the early and advanced stages, was proved.
Nasonex is a hormonal drug. According to numerous reviews of Nazonex for children, parents have concerns that prolonged use of hormonal drugs may cause the development of negative side effects. It has been experimentally established that after intranasal nebulization of mometasone, less than one percent of the active substance penetrates into the blood. Even if the child was able to take the medicine by mouth, it practically does not absorb from the digestive tract. The amount of funds that are absorbed is almost completely excreted in the bile or urine from the body.
Pharmacology
What is the effect of the drug against allergies is described in detail in the instructions for use of "Nazonex". In the reviews of patients, his actions on the body are noted:
- Prevents the release of inflammatory provocateurs.
- Increases lipomodulin production.
- It inhibits the accumulation of neutrophils. This reduces the release of inflammatory exudate and the production of lymphokines, reduces the migration of macrophages, which leads to a reduction in the processes of infiltration and granulation.
- Reduces inflammation.
- Delays the spread of allergic symptoms of an immediate type.
The subtleties of the treatment of allergies, polyps, sinusitis
Clinical studies have confirmed that with the development of allergies during the first twelve hours after the use of Nazonex, almost a third of patients with an allergic rhinitis get a pronounced effect. A day after therapy, the manifestation of allergic reactions ceases in half of the patients. Nasonex nasal spray is also able to alleviate allergic symptoms affecting the patient’s eyes - redness, itching and lacrimation.
In patients with nasal polyps, Nazonex spray therapy, according to reviews, leads to a noticeable improvement. In particular, after a treatment period, nasal congestion is much reduced, the size of polyps is reduced, and the sense of smell is restored.
With sinusitis, Nazonex is used in the combined therapy of rhinosinusitis and sinusitis. The anti-inflammatory effect of the active component significantly facilitates the course of the disease. Therapy "Nazonex" (according to patients' reviews), reduces pain and pressure in the sinuses, reduces rhinorrhea and congestion. At the same time, the therapeutic effect of sinusitis is long, lasting for fifteen days after completion of treatment.
Pharmacokinetics
When nasonex is injected into the nose, the total bioavailability of mometasone furoate is less than one percent. Mometasone is extremely poorly absorbed in the digestive tract. Pharmacokinetics are described in detail in the instructions for Nazonex. In the reviews, it is noted that a small amount of the active component can enter the digestive tract. However, this does not cause much discomfort, since the active substances are completely excreted in urine and bile.
Indications
We list when the Nazonex spray is prescribed:
- Seasonal or chronic rhinitis with allergies in adults and children from two years of age. The medication is used both for the treatment of allergies and for its seasonal prophylaxis, as described in the instructions for use of "Nazonex" for children. Reviews from parents indicate that the prophylaxis is very good.
- Acute sinusitis or exacerbation of persistent sinusitis in adults and children (used from the age of twelve). Nasonex in such diseases is only an integral part of complex therapy.
- Acute rhinosinusitis with clear symptoms without signs of severe infection in patients over the age of twelve.
- Nasal polyps with symptoms in the form of nasal congestion and loss of smell in patients over eighteen years old.
- Prevention of seasonal rhinitis on the background of allergies in adults and adolescents from the age of twelve (it is recommended to carry out two or four weeks before the upcoming season).
Contraindications
We list the contraindications according to the instructions to the Nazonex. In the reviews, patients indicate that there are not so many, and side effects are extremely rare:
- Personal sensitivity to drug substances.
- A recent operation or trauma to the nose that caused damage to its mucous membranes.
- Children's age (for chronic and seasonal allergic rhinitis - up to two years, with acute sinusitis or exacerbation of chronic sinusitis - up to twelve years, with polyposis - up to eighteen years).
According to reviews of "Nazonex" doctors, it should be used with special care in:
- Respiratory tract tuberculosis.
- Viral infection of any nature.
- Herpesvirus infection.
- The presence of an infection of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx.
In all other cases, the medication is safe and approved for use.
Dosage
The drug is used intranasally. According to reviews, Nasonex in the nose is more effective only after a series of preliminary procedures:
- Ensure free nasal breathing, that is, clear the nose of viscous mucus using saline or sea water.
- Use vasoconstrictor drops if necessary.
For allergies, Nasonex is used for both children and adults. The average dose for patients older than twelve years is two dispenser presses in each nasal passage once a day. If there are signs of improvement in dynamics, it is necessary to reduce the dosage by half, that is, up to one injection in each nasal passage per day. If the standard initial dosage is ineffective, then you can increase it. In such cases, the dose of the drug can be up to four injections in each nasal passage once a day, as indicated in the instructions to Nazonex. The reviews noted that increasing the dose helps better, but causes discomfort in the form of a burning sensation in the nose. After positive dynamics, the dose is halved.
Children older than two and under twelve years of age are required to inject once a day into the nasal passages. Positive dynamics in therapy should not be expected before twelve hours after the initial use of the Nazonex spray. In full force, the medication begins to work two days after the start of treatment.
For the treatment of sinusitis "Nazonex", according to reviews, is used in children only after twelve years. The initial dosage is two injections in each nasal passage twice a day. If necessary, the dosage can be adjusted to four injections twice a day. As soon as the symptoms subside, the dose is halved.
With polyps in the nasal cavity, the medication is used only for adult patients. The standard dosage in such cases is two pressing the bottle in each nasal passage once a day.
Negative effects
Despite the safety of the drug, when it is used, side effects sometimes occur, as warned by the instructions for Nazonex. In children (parents note this in reviews), such phenomena are very rare. Negative reactions during treatment with the drug are, rather, the exception to the rule.
In adults, the following may appear:
- Bleeding from the nose. They are observed in five percent of patients using Nazonex. However, bleeding is usually short-term in nature and stops on its own. When treated with other corticosteroids, the likelihood of bleeding is the same as during the use of Nazonex.
- Inflammation in the nasopharynx.
- Burning sensation and irritation of the nasal mucosa.
The likelihood of developing negative effects when using the described agent is the same as when treating with other drugs with a similar therapeutic effect. The use of Nasonex for adenoids, according to reviews, adds a headache to the list of undesirable manifestations. It appears rarely and does not require discontinuation of the drug.
According to reviews of Nazonex, the incidence of adverse events in young patients was comparable to the frequency of their manifestation with placebo. When using intranasal hormones, systemic negative effects may occur, especially with prolonged use in large doses.
Overdose
According to reviews of Nazonex, with prolonged use of the drug in large doses or with the simultaneous use of several drugs, depression of the patient's internal organs (in particular, the adrenal glands) is possible.
The medication has a low systemic bioavailability, so it is unlikely that with an overdose, any special measures will be required, except for supervision by the attending physician. Most likely, subsequent resumption of the drug will be possible.
special instructions
Patients using Nasonex for several months should be regularly examined by their doctor for changes in the nasal mucosa. It is required to regularly monitor the health status of patients receiving hormones for a long time.
In the treatment of Nazonex adenoids in children, according to reviews, developmental delay is possible. In case of detecting a child’s stunting, it is necessary to reduce the dose of drugs to a minimum. During laboratory studies in babies, the treatment of which was carried out by Nazonex in a daily dose of one hundred micrograms for a year, growth retardation was not observed.
If a fungal infection develops in the nasopharynx, discontinuation of Nazonex therapy may be required. A persisting over time, a clear change in the state of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx may be the reason for stopping treatment with Nazonex. According to reviews, analogues of the drug can cause the same negative effects.
With prolonged treatment, signs of suppression of adrenal function were not observed. People switching to Nazonex treatment require special attention to their health.
Patients who are treated with hormonal drugs have reduced immunity and should be warned about their increased likelihood of contracting all kinds of infections. There is a need to consult a doctor if there has been contact with an infected person. If signs of severe bacterial infection appear, immediate medical advice is also required.
When using Nasonex during the year, there were no signs of changes in the nasal mucosa. In addition, the active component of the drug tended to normalize the histological picture.
The effectiveness and safety of Nazonex has not been studied in the treatment of polyps of different etymologies that completely cover the patient’s nasopharynx.
If polyps of an unusual or irregular shape, distorted or bleeding, are identified, a medical examination is required before the appointment of Nazonex.
There is no confirmed data on the effect of the drug "Nazonex" on a person's ability to drive vehicles.
Pregnancy and lactation
Laboratory studies of the safety of the use of the drug "Nazonex" when carrying a child by expectant mothers have not been conducted.
Like other hormonal drugs, Nasonex should be used when bearing a child and during natural feeding only if the probability of the expected benefits from its use justifies the likely risk to the fetus or unborn baby.
Infants whose mothers received hormonal drugs during pregnancy should be examined to identify possible changes in the adrenal gland.
Use in children
The drug is contraindicated:
- with rhinitis on the background of allergies - at the age of children under two years old,
- in acute or chronic sinusitis - up to twelve years,
- with polyposis - until adulthood.
Clinical studies during treatment of children, when "Nazonex" is used in a dosage of one hundred micrograms per day for a year, developmental delay was not noticed.
Analogs
The instructions for use of "Nazonex" (according to parents) do not mention how this drug can be replaced. His analogs are as follows:
- "Rinokinil."
- "Flixonase."
- Nazarel.
- Avamis.
- "Nasobek".
These drugs, which are analogues of Nazonex, are characterized differently in patient reviews. Some of them are called more effective, others cause more adverse reactions. It depends on the individual perception by the human body of those substances that are part of the drugs. Therefore, they should be used only after consulting a doctor.