A large number of people suffer from inflammation of the stomach, which is also called gastritis. Often this disease does not last too long, since the mucous membrane of the organ is able to recover, leading the person to a speedy recovery. Pathology can have an acute and chronic form. If inflammation of the stomach occurs along with other infectious diseases, gastritis becomes acute, in which the epithelium of the stomach is affected. A study with such a disease is not always possible to conduct on time. Consider what gastritis, symptoms and treatment are. The diet that is prescribed for this pathology will also be considered.
Why does gastritis occur?
The inflammatory process of the stomach occurs when the mucous membrane is damaged, and this depends on the following reasons:
- the use of low-quality products, malnutrition, eating hastily;
- bad teeth;
- lack of protein and vitamins, due to which the production of gastric secretion is significantly reduced;
- bad habits;
- long-term medication;
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- violation of the intestinal microflora, the impact of pathogenic microorganisms and viruses.
But the main cause of gastritis is the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which is found in 85% of reported cases. Also, a pathology leads to a violation of the normal functions of the human immune system, as a result of which the body begins to produce substances that damage the stomach. This autoimmune form of gastritis is characterized by a low hemoglobin content in the blood.
Symptoms of the acute form of the disease
Acute inflammation of the stomach always occurs unexpectedly, and this leads to the defeat of the body by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, as well as overeating, the use of harmful products, an allergy to certain foods, and nervous disorders. A pathology of this form is manifested as follows:
- heat;
- unpleasant belching, which is accompanied by halitosis;
- vomiting of undigested food, often mixed with blood;
- headache and severe dizziness;
- pain in the epigastrium;
- heaviness in the stomach;
- a white coating forms on the tongue;
- excessive salivation or excessive dryness;
- diarrhea, constipation, flatulence;
- weakness, loss of appetite.
Types of Acute Gastritis
Simple - develops when the body receives stale food infected with pathogenic microbes (foodborne toxicosis), with an allergy to a food product, if the gastric mucosa is damaged by many drugs. With this type of gastritis, only the surface layer of the mucous membrane is destroyed, and as soon as the action of the irritating factor ceases, it is quickly restored.
Erosive - develops with a chemical burn of the gastric mucosa with alkalis or concentrated acid. In this case, not only superficial, but also deep layers of the mucous membrane are destroyed, subsequently provoking the occurrence of peptic ulcer or the formation of scars.
Phlegmonous - is a purulent inflammation of the walls of the stomach, which can develop due to the ingress of a foreign object, such as a fish bone, resulting in infection of a pyogenic infection in this area. This type of gastritis occurs with high fever and severe pain in the false area. In this case, urgent surgical intervention is required, without which there is a high risk of peritonitis, resulting in the death of the patient.
Fibrinous - occurs extremely rarely against sepsis.
If the correct treatment is prescribed, acute gastritis proceeds for about a week.
Chronic inflammation of the stomach: symptoms
The transition of the acute form to chronic occurs due to frequent relapses of the disease, poor-quality treatment, prolonged exposure to irritating factors on the mucous membrane. This pathology can lead to anemia.
Chronic inflammation of the stomach is manifested as follows:
- bad taste in the mouth;
- the occurrence of aching pain and heaviness in the upper part of the stomach ;
- belching and heartburn;
- constipation;
- lack of appetite.
These symptoms in chronic form may not occur.
Such inflammation of the stomach may be accompanied by increased and decreased acidity. In the first case, severe belching, heartburn, halitosis are observed. With a reduced level of acidity, the patient begins to feel very sick, there is a strong gas formation. The patient begins to lose weight dramatically, his hair and nails break, his skin becomes excessively dry.
Diagnostics
The disease is diagnosed using studies such as:
- gastroscopy - examination of the gastric mucosa with special equipment;
- biopsy;
- the study of gastric juice in the laboratory;
- analysis of feces, blood.
During the diagnosis, the specialist must establish the true cause of the disease. Further therapy will depend on this.
Treatment basics
If gastritis (inflammation of the stomach) occurs, you should consult a doctor who will prescribe the correct treatment. It should be comprehensive while taking the necessary medications, with diet and a full regimen.
The duration of treatment depends on the nature of the course of the disease and the presence of concomitant diseases of the body and averages 3-4 weeks when using medications.
Drug use
The doctor prescribes medications for the treatment of gastritis, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient's body and the causes of this disease.
Since the pathology develops mainly due to the penetration of Helicobacter pylori bacteria into the cavity of the stomach, the treatment should be carried out using antibacterial agents with a wide spectrum of action, in combination with antacid drugs that help protect the mucous membrane.
The main medications that are used for gastritis:
- enveloping - "Fosfalugel", "Almagel", "Gastal", "Maalox";
- antibiotics - “Furazolidone”, “Clarithromycin”, “Amoxicillin”, “Metronidazole”, “Amoxiclav”;
- means to reduce the acidity of gastric juice - "Ranitidine", "Omeprazole", "Omez";
- antispasmodics and painkillers - “Platifillin”, “No-shpa”, “Metacin”, “Pentalgin”;
- gastroprotectors that protect the gastric mucosa from the effects of hydrochloric acid - “Bismuth”, “De-nol”, “Venter”;
- enzymes that improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract - “Festal”, “Pancreatin”, “Mezim”, “Gastal”, “Pangrol”;
- hormones that are necessary for additional protection of the stomach;
- if severe nausea and vomiting occur, take Cerucal or Metoclopramide.
Diet
Inflammation of the stomach is not only treated with drugs. Be sure to adhere to a special diet.
With gastritis, it is necessary to exclude fried, salty dishes, fatty meat, smoked meats, sour fruits, rich broths. Food should be prepared without the use of large amounts of salt and spices. It is recommended to eat cereals from various cereals, boiled meat, boiled fish, low-fat broth, jelly every day.
The diet for such a disease should be a specialist. Food depending on the acidity of the stomach should be different. If it is elevated, you need to eat foods that help reduce the production of hydrochloric acid. It can be steamed milk soups or stewed vegetables, juices from sweet fruits. With low acidity, foods such as lean meat, rice, and dairy products are recommended.
The patient should eat in small portions up to 6 times a day.
Treatment of the disease with alternative methods
The traditional treatment of gastritis can be supplemented with traditional medicine. But before using them, you need to consult a doctor.
You can use green apples, which are peeled, chopped and eaten. It is recommended to do this a few hours before a meal, so it is best to use healing gruel in the morning. During the first month, apples are taken every day, in the second - 3 times a week, in the third one intake for 7 days will be enough.
Inflammation of the stomach helps to remove decoction from oats. To do this, you need to bring 5 liters of sour milk to a boil. The cottage cheese is separated from the whey, in which the oats are then boiled for three hours. Once the broth has cooled, it is filtered, and the oats are thrown away. 300 g of honey, 125 g of alcohol are added to the drink and refrigerated. It is recommended to use it 3 times a day, 30 g each 15 minutes before a meal.
Thanks to freshly squeezed potato juice, the acidity of the stomach is significantly reduced, and cabbage juice eliminates pain and has a healing effect.
In addition, inflammation of the mucosa is well treated with medicinal plants and herbal preparations, which are selected depending on the acidity of the stomach.
Prevention
Inflammation of the gastric mucosa can be prevented if preventive measures are taken:
- give up all bad habits;
- avoid psycho-emotional and stressful situations;
- adhere to proper nutrition;
- Exercise regularly and exercise.
Such prevention remarkably saves not only the occurrence of inflammation of the stomach, but also from many other diseases.
Output
Thus, we found out what gastritis, symptoms and treatment are. Diet also helps to cope with the inflammatory process. To identify this disease at an early stage, it is necessary to undergo a medical examination 1-2 times a year, and also consult with a gastroenterologist.