Antibiotic nasal drops and sprays cannot be used for any rhinitis. Antibacterial agents have a narrow focus. If used improperly, undesirable effects can occur. However, there are situations when you can not do without antimicrobial drugs.
Antibiotic nasal drops are heavy artillery against bacterial infectious diseases of ENT organs. Currently, there are only a few such funds for local use, but each of them has its own indications and features.
In what cases should I use these drugs and which one should I prefer in a particular situation?
Nasal drops affect the infection. Their action is as follows: preventing the growth of microbes; expansion of blood vessels; removal of swelling of the nasal mucosa; restoration of free breathing. It is advisable to start using them for sinusitis, acute sinusitis, rhinitis, with a high risk of complications. Doctors prescribe this type of medication with others. Before use, you need to rinse your nose with a saline solution (you can "Akvalor") and instill vasoconstrictors ("Vibrocil", "IRS-19", "Rinofluimucil").
Application cases
Thanks to antibiotics, bacteria are exposed, and therefore nose drops containing them should be used only for rhinitis caused by bacteria and for frontal sinusitis.
To determine the symptoms of a bacterial rhinitis, the types of rhinitis of a non-bacterial nature should be listed:
- viral rhinitis - the main manifestations: strong watery discharge from the nose, fever, nasal congestion;
- allergic rhinitis - transparent discharge from the nose, itching in the nose, irritation, redness of the eyes, nasal congestion;
- vasomotor runny nose - causeless and episodic strong fluid discharge from the nose, sneezing, nasal congestion.
Drops in the nose with an antibiotic for sinusitis are very effective.
Bacterial runny nose is fundamentally different from the above green or yellow discharge from the nose. This is pus, which is formed due to the neutralization of microbes by immune cells.
In addition, a runny nose of a bacterial nature is different:
- thickening of the secretion of the nose;
- nasal congestion;
- an increase in temperature during exacerbation of chronic sinusitis, rhinitis or acute form;
- in some cases, poor health, weakness, and headache.
At the microbiological level, a bacterial runny nose develops according to this algorithm: a deterioration in the state of immunity (due to the overwhelming ability of viruses - that is, with a viral infection; due to prolonged use of drugs or hypothermia) bacteria that are constantly present in the nasal cavity (conditionally pathogenic) spread much more active.
Special cells of the immune system are attacked by bacteria: due to such a collision, both sides die, the yellow-green nasal secretions are mainly deactivated microbes, which fulfilled their function as immune cells and microbial waste products.
The body has the ability to fight a bacterial attack thanks to its own resources. It all depends on the intensity of the response of the immune system. But in most cases, when a bacterial infection has developed, such a response is weak, and therefore, as a rule, antibiotics cannot be dispensed with.
In the absence of antibiotics, the bacteria spread further - primarily in the sinuses, where they are much more comfortable than in the nasal cavity, which is constantly ventilated. Once in the throat, these bacteria cause tonsillitis and pharyngitis.
A chronic bacterial lesion in the nose becomes a common cause of otitis media, throat inflammation and recurrent tonsillitis.
Without the help of antibiotics, a bacterial runny nose can cause a number of complications of organs of the adjacent type, and when treatment is started, it develops into a chronic stage. That is why it is best to start using nasal drops with an antibiotic when green-yellow pus secretions appear for the first time.
Use of drops
There are not too many nasal agents with an antibiotic. Until recently, Bioparox spray was one of the most popular, but it has not been allowed for sale and use since April 2016. Consider nasal drops with an antibiotic, which can be purchased at the pharmacy at the moment.
Isofra
Isofra spray is an antibiotic with high antibacterial activity, as it is based on framycetin.
This chemical substance violates the cell wall of the bacterium, disrupts the metabolic processes in it, which together causes its death. It is well tolerated by patients. Framycetin is one of the aminoglycosides. This antibiotic nasal spray can also be used by women during pregnancy. Side effects are very rare: most often occur in the form of a reaction of the skin.
Polydex
"Polydex" - a spray that contains a complex of such active ingredients:
- antibiotics (polymyxin B, neomycin);
- anti-inflammatory substance (dexamethasone);
- vasoconstrictor element (phenylephrine).
"Polydex" due to its complex composition gives a pronounced therapeutic effect:
- eliminates the inflammatory process of the nasal mucosa;
- reduces bacterial concentration;
- reduces the discharge of pus.
Like all medicines that contain an anti-inflammatory glucocorticosteroid, Polydex has a number of contraindications, including:
- breastfeeding and pregnancy;
- kidney disease
- respiratory viral pathology (capable of hiding the infectious process);
- very carefully used in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Sofradex
The drug with a complex composition is Sofradex, which includes substances known by Polydex and Isofre:
- antibiotics (gramicidin C, framycetin);
- glucocorticosteroid anti-inflammatory (dexamethasone).
Everything said above about Polydex and Isofre is also true of Sofradex. There is only one exception: the latter, in accordance with the instructions for use, is a means for the treatment of external otitis media. The drip form is due to this. While in order to deliver the drug to the sinuses and nose, it is more effective to use a spray spray.
Sofradex is irrational to use as a nasal preparation, as there are Isofra and Polydex that are more similar in composition and more convenient in form.
These names of nose drops with antibiotic are known to many.
Garazon
Gentamicin (an antibiotic) and betamethasone (an anti-inflammatory agent) are included in the composition of Garazon drops. The medicine is intended for the treatment of bacterial inflammation of the eyes and ears. However, if antibiotic sprays are absent, Garazon can be used as nasal drops.
Betamethasone and gentamicin, which are part of the product, are contraindicated:
- children under the age of eight;
- with respiratory viral infections;
- with lactation;
- during pregnancy.
Used with caution in diabetes and the herpes virus.
Antibiotic nasal drops for children are very popular.
Protargol
The drug "Protargol" is a solution of silver protein, which in the strict sense of the word is not an antibiotic. It is an antiseptic for the nose, which has a noticeable disinfectant effect. The drug compares favorably with the means discussed above in that it has excellent tolerance and there are no contraindications, so that it can be prescribed even to the most sensitive patients, including pregnant women and children.
"Protargol" is a prescription drug that is manufactured in pharmacies to order, having the appropriate departments.
Drops with antibiotic for children
As children's nasal drops with an antibiotic, Isofra can be used. This drug is safe for use even in the treatment of the smallest patients. “Isofra” is sprayed into the children’s nostrils once every three times a day.
Protargol (antiseptic drops) can also be used at any age. But with an acute type of rhinitis, these drops will not be effective in isolation from other agents. Their main purpose is to prevent exacerbations of sinusitis, chronic runny nose.
Children "Polydex" is used only with the severe nature of the bacterial rhinitis. The instructions for the use of this antibiotic say that it can be used from 2.5 years. The decision on the dosage of nasal drops with an antibiotic for children is only in the medical competence.
With a cold
It should be noted once again that not with any runny nose should be sprayed or dripped into the nose with antibiotics. For the treatment of rhinitis in most cases, only local application of conventional antiseptic preparations with a plant basis is sufficient: "Sinupret"; Sinuforte; "Pinosol"; "Cameton" (aerosol).
The listed drugs are not antibiotics, however, with a simple purulent rhinitis, nasal antiseptics are the main drugs that should be used.
Antibiotic nasal drops for sinusitis
This disease is not treated with antibacterial sprays alone. The sinuses are fairly protected and difficult to drain areas. With a finely dispersed method of spraying, the medicine is delivered to the entrance to the sinuses, however, it cannot overcome the inflammation inside. For the treatment of sinusitis of the acute stage, it is required to take antibiotics orally systematically.
The list of drops in the nose with an antibiotic is quite extensive, but the doctor must make a choice.
The best remedies, in turn, include:
- Isofra: Up to six times each day, one spray into each nostril (for adults). Instructions for use do not recommend using the drug for washing the sinuses. This is the name of nose drops with an antibiotic for sinusitis by ear.
- "Polydex": every day up to five times, one spray in each nostril (adults).
Before applying drops in the nose with an antibiotic for sinusitis, you must first rinse your sinuses with any means: “Aqualor”, “Aqua Maris” or “Dolphin”.
When antibacterial drops are not recommended
It is long forbidden to use antibiotics, since, eliminating some bacteria, they give place to other fungi and microbes. Such a change in the microflora of the nasal cavity can lead to the development of a secondary type of infection, as well as bacterial resistance to this antibiotic.
An antibiotic cannot be dripped into the nose in the following situations:
- if there is no pus (whitish, transparent) in the discharge from the nose;
- if within two days of use there are no improvements - maybe the bacteria are resistant to this antibiotic, and it needs to be replaced, or the common cold has a non-bacterial origin;
- more than ten days - if the infection is sensitive to this antibiotic treatment, it should disappear after about 7-10 days.
It is impossible to cure sinusitis without the use of antibiotics. So experts say. Therapy can be carried out using topical sprays.
Doctors advice
With a runny nose should:
- Use vasoconstrictor drugs as first aid.
- Examine your symptoms.
- Determine the exact diagnosis. Obtain a treatment plan from a specialist and follow it exactly.
- Monitor the body's response to antibiotic use. When tracking improvement after a couple of days, we can conclude that the antibiotic is suitable. Otherwise, you need to see a doctor.
- When treatment is complete, you need to do prevention. Due to a negligent attitude, sinusitis can give many relapses and even develop into a chronic form that is difficult.
- Preventive measures should include ongoing monitoring of the sinuses and the nose itself. It is impossible to supercool. Take more vitamins, as well as check the nasal septum, as sinusitis often appears due to curvature.
Doctors say that in some cases local antibiotics are simply necessary, there is no need to be afraid of this. At the same time, it is extremely undesirable to abuse such funds, as this can cause negative health effects. You need to resort to antibiotics only after the appointment of a doctor, following all the recommendations regarding the relative duration of use and dosage.
Conclusion
Antibiotic nasal drops are used for suppurative bacterial rhinitis. The most suitable form for drug delivery to the sinuses and to the mucosa is a spray. Currently, the most popular sprays are Polydex and Isofra. The first is more effective, but there are many side effects, as well as a number of contraindications.
In acute bacterial rhinitis, antibacterial drops should be used along with antibiotics in the form of tablets.
We have reviewed the list of nasal drops with antibiotics, the names of which are now known to you.