Many women with lower abdominal pain are diagnosed with sactosalpinx. What is it, what symptoms characterize this disease, how can it be cured? These questions are of interest to patients with inflammatory processes in the appendages.
The concept of sactosalpinx
Sactosalpinx - what is it? Such a disease occurs in women who are prone to inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, and in those who suffer from infertility. More than 100,000 women in Russia are annually diagnosed with sactosalpinx. It is noted that most often it occurs in women aged 15-25 years, especially after the first sexual intercourse, if a condom was not used. A large number of sex partners can also be a risk factor for inflammation.
Treatment of this process should be long and complex, including various therapeutic and surgical methods and many groups of drugs. "How can cactosalpinx be cured by exercise?" - This question can be asked by a physiotherapist only after the acute process subsides and the elimination of various complications.
Kinds
So, a fairly common pathology is sactosalpinx. What is it, we found out. Now let's look at the views. The cactosalpinx is abdominal and follicular. In the first case, fluid accumulates in one segment of the fallopian tube in the form of cystic growth. In the second - there are many such cysts in one fallopian tube.
With the course, it is acute and chronic, when periods of exacerbation are replaced by remission.
The content is divided into pyosalpinx, when the content is represented by pus, the hydrosalpinx is represented by serous content.
More often, the disease is one-sided when one pipe is affected, and two-sided in the case of the formation of cavities in both pipes.
Causes of occurrence
Fallopian tubes are organs that connect the uterine cavity to the ovary and transport the egg or zygote (fertilized egg) to the uterus. The mucous membrane of these organs produces a secret, which should be poured into the uterus, absorbed or removed through the cervical canal under the influence of contractions.
Protection against ascending infection is provided by the mucous plug of the cervical canal and other fluids that are produced by the internal layers of the genital organs. The effectiveness of this protection decreases during ovulation and menstruation. This explains the appearance of the first symptoms immediately after menstruation.
Inflammation can be caused by various microorganisms, which most often get from the vagina in an ascending way. Most often it is chlamydia, mycoplasma or gonorrhea. Some infections can enter the tube by the so-called contact route, for example, with peritonitis. Tuberculosis, staphylococci, streptococci most often penetrate by the lymphogenous or hematogenous method. Pathogens can enter through the menstrual blood due to casting it into the lumen of the tubes during menstruation.
Of the risk factors, hysteroscopy, curettage of the uterine cavity, the introduction of an IUD, endometrial biopsy should be noted . Childbirth, abortion can be the cause of the sactosalpinx. Sexually transmitted infections with unprotected intercourse easily penetrate the lumen of the fallopian tubes with increased contractility of the uterus.
What happens in the pipes?
With inflammation of the mucosa, a protective reaction to the infectious process occurs - an increase in fluid production. She does not have time to dissolve, and therefore fibrous strands appear that delimit the inflammatory infiltrate, which further prevents the clearance of the lumen. Gradually, the tube may look like a cystic cord.
Main symptoms
The most characteristic sign of this disease is pain, which occurs:
- immediately after menstruation;
- during ovulation;
- during intercourse;
- may periodically occur and cease without treatment;
- mainly in the lower abdomen and in the lumbar region.
In addition, bloating is a concern, there may be fever, nausea and vomiting.
Complications
There are many life-threatening effects of inflammation. Complicated sactosalpinx (what it is, we will tell you now) is not uncommon. Prior to the use of antibiotics, mortality from the sactosalpinx was about 1%. Nevertheless, the mortality rate is much higher in those cases when it is complicated by rupture of the tubovarian abscess and acute aborted ectopic pregnancy.
Delayed complications include chronic pelvic pain, tubovarian abscess, hydrosalpinx, tubal infertility, and ectopic pregnancy.
The likelihood of chronic pelvic pain is 4 times higher in women who are diagnosed with infectious sactosalpinx than in those who suffer from aseptic inflammation of the pelvic organs. Those who have cured the sactosalpinx without surgery complain of this constant gnawing pain throughout their lives.
A tubovarial abscess is one of the main and serious complications and occurs in 15% of women with inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs. In half the cases, a unilateral saktosalpinx is diagnosed on the left or on the right. At the same time, both aerobes and anaerobes are sown. This process may involve the ovaries, uterus, peritoneum, and sometimes the intestines. Tubovar education with rupture or untimely treatment can lead to death. It has been proven that sactosalpinx occurs when an intrauterine device has been worn for more than 5 years, a vaginal hysterectomy, after a follicle puncture for IVF, or when a bowel diverticulum ruptures.
The most common and formidable complication of the sactosalpinx is infertility, which is difficult to cure. According to statistics, more than 50% of cases of infertility occur after inflammation of the fallopian tubes.
An ectopic pregnancy is a complication that most often occurs after the sactosalpinx due to the fact that the mucous membrane of the tubes is affected and is unable to fully fulfill its protective and oviduct functions.
Diagnostics
To determine the sactosalpinx, a single examination by a gynecologist is enough. Confirm the disease can ultrasound of the pelvic organs, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy. The latter method allows not only to diagnose, but also treat sactosalpinx.
Determination of the number of leukocytes in the general analysis of blood, leukocyte formula, ESR allows us to judge the possibility of septic lesions of the body. Tests of the flora of the secretions of the cervical canal and bacterial culture of this material on nutrient media will help to identify the causative agent to determine sensitivity to antibiotics.
Treatment
Use a set of measures to eliminate the sactosalpinx. Treatment without surgery is carried out in the gynecological department with the use of various groups of drugs that not only affect the pathogen or the inflammatory process, but also on the normalization of the functions of the whole organism.
All those who cured sactosalpinx without surgery say that the treatment is long. It includes antibiotics, antimicrobial, antiviral agents, infusion, absorbable therapy, vitamins, immunomodulators. Properly selected drugs help get rid of a disease such as sactosalpinx.
Surgical treatment is used if conservative therapy has no effect. Most often, laparoscopic excision is used or, if necessary (significant lesion or extensive adhesion process), removal of the fallopian tube. But modern methods of laparoscopy allow you to "repair" the fallopian tube. For this, dissection of adhesions, salpingoplasty, the formation of salpingostomy and fimbrioplasty (the formation of the final section of the tube) are used.
After tubectomy, natural fertilization is impossible, therefore, in this case, IVF is applied after the sactosalpinx is completely eliminated. Reviews of doctors say that in about 35% of cases, this procedure is successful.
Acupuncture, herbal medicine, or meditation techniques are alternative methods that are used to treat the cactosalpinx. Treatment without surgery should not begin with these methods. They can only be used as auxiliary.
Physiotherapy
How can cactosalpinx be cured by exercise? Firstly, this should be done only after conservative or surgical treatment and the elimination of the acute process. In this case, exercises that contribute to:
- adhesion prevention;
- reduction of residual inflammation;
- improving blood circulation of the pelvic organs;
- restoration of anatomical proportions of organs;
- strengthening the ligamentous apparatus;
- stimulation of metabolic processes;
- strengthening the muscles of the pelvic floor;
- increase the body's resistance to infection;
- normalization of physical performance and mood.
In this treatment, simple gymnastic and breathing, restorative and special exercises are used that correspond to the goals of exercise therapy for this pathology, and the formation of scar tissue is prevented.