It is well known that the central nervous system regulates all operations that occur in our body. The endocrine system, which produces various hormones, helps her. An uninterruptedly working mechanism adapts itself with lightning speed to adverse circumstances, arriving both from the outside and arising from the inside.
Nutrition for Type 2 Diabetes
With the inefficiency of the pancreas producing insulin, diabetes occurs.
Statistics show that people are most often affected by type 2 diabetes. Diet and nutrition must be followed.
The disease is due to a malfunction in the totality of processes occurring in the body during the assimilation of food. The initial diet for type 2 diabetes, as a rule, sins with an excess of simple carbohydrates.
With this disease, the pancreas continues to produce insulin, but it is not enough, or the body can not cope with the recognition of this hormone and does not use it for its intended purpose.
In this case, glucose is not able to penetrate into the cells of the body, without which they are not able to work in a normal rhythm. As a result, it is increasingly found in the blood, which contributes to the development of:
- Dehydration - dehydration. This is accompanied by increased urination. The kidneys try to remove excess sugar, simultaneously removing water, which becomes the cause of dehydration.
- Diabetic coma, which is a consequence of severe dehydration, when a person is not able to drink enough water to restore water balance.
- Body damage. Excess sugar provokes the destruction of blood vessels, kidneys, heart, is the cause of atherosclerosis.
Pancreatic work
The pancreas is partly responsible for diabetes. She is both a participant in the process of digesting food, and produces a number of hormones.
Its endocrine part, which is larger in size, produces enzymes that contribute to the mechanical and chemical processing of food in the gastrointestinal tract. A small part is the pancreatic islets - hormones. The latter contribute to the regulation of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism.
Relatively small malfunctions in the functioning of the organ can cause various diseases. An overabundance, and equally a deficiency of hormones, provokes a malfunction in the activity of internal organs.
The leading hormone produced by the pancreas is insulin. Its functions are: regulation of the amount of sugar, inhibition of glucose synthesis in the liver, decrease in the rate of breakdown of glucagon.
In violation of this "biochemistry" sugar level increases markedly, and this is a direct path to the development of diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes triggering mechanism
Type 2 diabetes is genetic in nature. If the next of kin suffered from this disease, then you should be extremely careful about your body. After all, any disease is easier to prevent than to deal with it later.
Sick parents with a 60% probability will pass on their illness to the child. If only the father or only the mother is treated, then the 30% chance that the parent will “reward” his offspring with an unpleasant disease.
This can be explained by inherited extreme susceptibility to endogenous enkephalin, which increases insulin secretion. Any viral infections or autoimmune diseases do not play a big role here.
Regular gluttony, obesity, or just being overweight - this is the basis that provokes type 2 diabetes. The nutrition menu, developed taking into account all the nuances of the patient's body, can significantly improve the general condition.
Adipose tissue receptors have an underestimated sensitivity to insulin, so its excess affects the increase in blood glucose.
Symptomatology
Signs of diabetes can manifest themselves in different ways, but most often they are as follows: a feeling of dry mouth, increased polydipsia (desire to drink more fluids), nausea, vomiting, increased urination, tiredness, hunger after eating, and others.
What should a diabetic diet include?
The nutrition of a patient with type 2 diabetes should be balanced in the composition of the necessary substances. All food should have approximately the following composition:
- 55% complex carbohydrates (cereals, legumes, bakery products using whole grain flour);
- no more than 30% of vegetable oils of the highest quality (hemp, sesame, mustard, rapeseed);
- beans, soy, low-fat fish, poultry, lean beef, seafood (up to 35%).
Products allowed on the table
Fruit:
- cherries;
- unsweetened varieties of peaches;
- unsweetened varieties of apricots;
- papaya;
- mangoes;
- oranges;
- grapefruit.
Berries:
- lingonberry;
- Rowan;
- gooseberry;
- blueberries, blueberries;
- Red Ribes;
- forest blackberry;
- berries and leaves of black currant;
- sour sea buckthorn.
Vegetables:
- broccoli;
- White cabbage;
- cauliflower;
- leek;
- earthen pear;
- bulb onions;
- garlic;
- greens (salad, parsley, dill, arugula, etc.);
- radish;
- cucumbers;
- Bulgarian red pepper;
- zucchini;
- zucchini;
- eggplant;
- pumpkin (as a side dish with porridge).
Cereals:
- All are allowed.
What you can eat a little
It’s difficult for some people to maintain a diet, especially in summer, when there is plenty around.
Doctors tend to believe that in small portions you can eat such desserts:
- watermelons;
- raspberries;
- strawberries (unsweetened varieties);
- not honey melons.
Prohibited Products
Fruit:
- bananas;
- tangerines;
- any dates;
- any pineapple;
- fresh and dry figs;
- fruit filling in pies, jams, preserves;
- dried fruits;
- freshly squeezed juices.
Berries:
- grapes.
Vegetables:
- beets;
- turnip;
- carrot;
- potatoes.
Other products:
- smoked meats;
- sausage;
- fat;
- red meat with a high fat content;
- mayonnaise / sauces;
- butter;
- purchased fruit juices;
- cheese with a fat content of more than 30%;
-fat milk (more than 2%);
-fat cottage cheese (more than 4%);
semi-finished products;
- canned food in oil;
- sweets (chocolate, sweets, cakes, sweet pastries, jam).
It must be remembered that dietary nutrition for type 2 diabetes should be fractional (five to six meals a day). This will create a feeling of fullness and balance the level of sugar.
Introductory menu for seven days
Servings are presented at a rate of 150-250 grams maximum. If, say, soup and boiled meat are eaten, then their total weight should not exceed 350 grams. The dishes listed in the list significantly improve the course of a disease such as type 2 diabetes. Nutrition for a week is developed taking into account the necessary nutrients.
The first day.
- Oatmeal in milk, tea is not sweet.
- Tea is not sweet, apple.
- Cabbage soup, vegetable salad, vegetable stew, wholemeal bread;
- Tea is not sweet, orange.
- Cottage cheese casserole, fresh peas, tea.
- Kefir.
Second day.
- Coleslaw, boiled fish, tea is not sweet, bread.
- Steamed vegetables, tea.
- Vegetable soup, boiled chicken, bread, apple, compote of dried or fresh apples.
- Cottage cheese pancakes, rosehip broth.
- Steamed meat patties, egg, bread.
- Kefir.
Day Three
- Buckwheat porridge, tea.
- Low-fat cottage cheese, rosehip broth.
- Boiled meat, vegetable stew, stewed cabbage, compote of dried or fresh apples.
- An Apple.
- Meat steamed meatballs, stewed vegetables, bread, rosehip broth.
- Yogurt.
Day four.
- Rice porridge, cheese 1 piece, coffee.
- Grapefruit.
- Fish soup, boiled chicken, bread, rosehip broth.
- Coleslaw, tea.
- Buckwheat porridge, vegetable salad, bread, tea.
- Milk.
Fifth day.
- Low-fat cottage cheese, tea, bread.
- Apple, a rosehip broth.
- Vegetable soup, meat goulash, bread, broth of wild rose.
- Berry - fruit salad, tea.
- Fish, baked, millet porridge in milk, bread, tea.
- Kefir.
Day Six
- Milk oatmeal porridge, carrot salad, bread, coffee.
- Grapefruit, tea.
- Vermicelli soup, stewed liver, boiled rice, bread, compote.
- 4 . Permitted fruit salad , water.
- Barley porridge, squash caviar, bread, tea.
- Kefir.
The seventh day.
- Buckwheat porridge, low-fat cheese 1 piece, bread, tea.
- Apple, tea.
- Bean soup, pilaf with chicken, stewed eggplant, bread, cranberry juice.
- Orange, tea.
- Pumpkin porridge, meat steam cutlet, vegetable salad, bread, rosehip broth.
- Kefir.
Type 2 diabetes recipes
1. Bean soup.
Required: potatoes, onions, green beans, herbs, vegetable oil.
Put finely chopped onions and potatoes in a liter of boiling water, stew for 15 minutes, add beans, cook for another 5 minutes. After that, turn off the soup, add herbs and a dessert spoon of vegetable oil. Give insist. Such a diet for type 2 diabetes helps to reduce excess body weight.
2. Steamed vegetables.
Wash in advance: one small zucchini, 2 bell peppers, 2 tomatoes, the size of a chicken egg, onion, white cabbage. Prepare the vegetable broth - half a liter.
Cut all the vegetables into cubes, put them in a heat-resistant dish, pour in the broth and send to the oven and simmer for 40 minutes at a temperature of 160 degrees.
3. Cranberry fruit drink.
A glass of berries pour two liters of water without sugar. Boil on the stove for about seven minutes.
4. Cottage cheese casserole.
To prepare a cottage cheese casserole, you need half a kilogram of low-fat cottage cheese. Sugar substitute, 5 chicken eggs and a pinch of soda.
The cooking process is as follows: the whites are whipped with a sugar substitute, the yolks are mixed with cottage cheese and soda. We connect the two masses obtained and put them in a mold. Bake for half an hour at 200 degrees. The output is a low-calorie product with a significant protein content. It is especially necessary for a disease such as type 2 diabetes. Treatment and nutrition based on a proper diet contribute to the long-term maintenance of remission.
The miraculous power of diet
Careful adherence to a healthy diet leads to a decrease in overweight and normalizes the general condition of the body. As already noted earlier, in type 2 diabetes, sugar does not enter the cells of the body, but remains in the blood and provokes complications. Dietary nutrition for type 2 diabetes is useful because with its help a small amount of carbohydrates (potential sugar) enters the body and diabetes does not progress.
To make you feel even better, you need to lead an active lifestyle (without high power loads), which contributes to the burning of fats, which are also the cause of complications.
Important: any chosen diet should be discussed with your doctor. Only then can we begin to comply with it. But in the future, introducing a new product, you should look at the table where it is indicated what you can eat and what you can’t. Typically, booklets with such information are issued by the attending physician. And remember: proper nutrition for type 2 diabetes is the key to successful treatment!