The basis of this drug is the active element ambroxol, which is the main metabolite of another known expectorant - bromhexine. At present, Ambrobene solutions for inhalation and oral administration are widely used in clinical medical practice. The difference between Ambroxol and Bromhexine is the absence of a methyl group and the presence of a hydroxyl group.
The drug has pronounced secretolytic, expectorant, secretory, mucolytic and antioxidant effects. In addition, it prevents stagnation of sputum in the bronchi, normalizes the work of the cilia of the epithelium, provides transportation of pathological secretions, stimulates the work of serous cells, which are located in the inner membrane of the respiratory organs. It also increases the volume of mucus and, in general, helps to improve mucociliary transport.
The Ambrobene solution for administration and for inhalation has a targeted effect on Clara cells and second type alveolar pneumocytes in the respiratory tract. If you take Ambroxol and antibacterial drugs at the same time, then the concentration of the latter in sputum and bronchi increases, which enhances the effectiveness of both drugs.
Due to these properties, in a short period of time, the drug converts an unproductive and dry cough into a productive cough, and helps to discharge sputum.
Release form and composition of this medication
This medicine is produced in several dosage forms: capsules, tablets, inhalants, syrup for oral administration, medicine for injections, Ambrobene solution for oral administration.
As part of all forms of this medication, the active ingredient is ambroxol hydrochloride.
The solution of this medication for oral administration and inhalation, in addition to the main active ingredient, contains pure water, potassium sorbate and hydrochloric acid. It is sold in special dropper bottles made of darkened glass, distributed in 100 or 40 ml. A measuring cup is also attached to the medicine containers.
According to the instructions, Ambrobene solution for injection as an additional element includes disodium heptahydrate monohydrogen phosphate, citric acid monohydrate, water for injection and sodium chloride. It is produced in ampoules, which contain 2 ml of solution and are packaged in cell packages of 5 units.
The syrup of this medication contains liquid sorbitol, raspberry flavoring, purified water, saccharin and propylene glycol. It is available in dark, glass bottles in a volume of 100 ml each. A syrup is also attached to the syrup product for convenient and proper dosage of the medicine.
Pharmacological effects of the drug
The Ambrobene solution has a diluting, expectorant and secretolytic effect. As a result, serous cells of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract are stimulated and the volume of bronchial secretion increases. In addition, this tool helps to relieve symptoms in the ratio of the mucous and serous components of the mucus, as well as lowering its viscosity. The drug enhances the motor functionality of the cilia of the ciliated epithelium. "Ambrobene" acts on the lungs so that the secretion and synthesis of surfactant increases, and their decay is blocked.
It should be noted that the use of this medication inside gives an effect after 30 minutes, or after 10-30 minutes - rectally. The effect of the drug lasts from 6-12 hours. The main substance undergoes a metabolic process in the liver and is excreted through the urinary system in the form of water-soluble metabolites.
Indications for the appointment of a medication
The Ambrobene solution, according to information from the instructions for use, is prescribed for the following diseases of the respiratory organs:
- chronic or acute bronchitis;
- chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (including bronchial asthma with difficulty in sputum discharge);
- pneumonia;
- bronchiectatic disease.
This drug can also be used as part of combination therapy in newborns and premature babies with respiratory distress syndrome. The purpose of prescribing a drug in this case is to stimulate the production of surfactant.
Contraindications to the use of this drug
As the instructions indicate, the Ambrobene solution is contraindicated in patients who have an increased sensitivity to its components. In addition, it should not be used by women in the first trimester of pregnancy and those who breastfeed. Contraindications to the use of Ambrobene oral and intravenous solutions are gastric and duodenal ulcer, as well as epilepsy.
With some caution, it is recommended to use this medication in the following cases:
- in case of violation of the motility of the bronchi;
- when changing kidney function;
- with liver diseases in severe forms;
- with a large amount of secretion secreted from the bronchi.
Method of use and dosage of this medication
Ambrobene solution for inhalation is prescribed for children after 5 years and adults. Dosage - 2 ml by two procedures per day.
Ambrobene solution for oral administration. Children after 2 years - 2 times a day, 1 ml each, from 2 to 5 years - 3 times a day 1 ml each, from 5 to 12 years - 3 times a day 2 ml each. As an adult patient, as a rule, 4 ml of the solution is prescribed 3 times, then the dosage is reduced.
The solution of this medication for injection: for children, the dosage is calculated in the ratio of 1.3-1.5 ml per kilogram of body weight. Adult patients - 2-3 injections daily with 2 ml of a medicinal solution.
Side effects
The Ambrobene inhalation solution and oral administration in some cases can cause the following adverse reactions in the patient's body:
- Digestive system: nausea, loss of sensation in the throat or oral cavity, dyspepsia, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dry mouth, dry throat.
- The immune system and allergic phenomena: skin rashes, urticaria, anaphylactic symptoms (anaphylactic shock), hypersensitivity, angioedema, itching.
- Nervous system: dysgeusia (violation of taste sensations ).
Ambrobene solution for inhalation should not be taken orally.
Contraindications
This medication is contraindicated in patients with the following conditions:
- High sensitivity to ambroxol and additional drug substances present in its composition;
- stomach ulcer, duodenal ulcer;
- convulsive syndrome of various etiologies;
- first trimester pregnancy;
- lactation period.
With caution, the Ambrobene solution for inhalation according to the instructions should be used in cases of renal or liver failure, as well as during pregnancy in the second or third trimesters.
Step-by-step instructions for the use of this drug
Consider the instructions for the Ambrobene solution for oral administration.
The drug is used simply - with the help of a measuring cup, the dosage of the drug for a specific age group of the patient is determined, taking into account the weight (in childhood) and the characteristics of a particular disease. Then the medicine must be taken orally, washed down with a small amount of liquid, as many times a day as recommended by a specialist.
Solutions for inhalation with this drug are carried out in the following way:
- Preparing the device. For inhalation with Ambrobene solution, a special nebulizer inhaler is required. Before use, the solution container must be washed with running water and disinfected with boiling water. This is necessary so that the medicine in its pure form enters the bronchi.
- The drug solution is poured into the device in the volume that is needed.
- To the solution is added 2 ml of saline.
- The inhalation procedure begins directly.
When carrying out such procedures, it must be remembered that the drug solution should be inhaled with a deep open mouth so that the vapor of the liquid can freely enter the lumen of the bronchi. In this case, nasal breathing is excluded, since in this way the particles of Ambrobene inhalation solution settle on the surface of the nasopharynx, not reaching the lower respiratory tract.
The use of the medication in the treatment of children
To date, the drug is widely used to treat children with various types of cough, and doctors often prescribe solutions for inhalation and oral administration of this medication. This is due to the fact that in such forms the agent quickly has a positive effect and the cough passes in the child on about the second or third day.
Parents should take into account that the independent use of any medication in children can negatively affect their state of health, therefore Ambrobene should be prescribed only by a specialist. In this case, all the doctor's recommendations on the regimen of the correct dosage of the drug should be observed, which will avoid the development of side effects from such therapy in babies and reduce the risk of overdose symptoms.
The instructions for the Ambrobene inhalation solution are also best studied in advance.
Analogues of a drug
Similar medicines to the drug are:
- "Ambroxol" - has the same active substance, is indicated for the treatment of pathologies of the respiratory tract of a chronic nature. The method of application and the exact dose are determined by the attending physician. It is used similarly to Ambrobene and has a similar effect on the body, but its main advantage, compared with the agent under consideration, is its lower cost.
- "Lazolvan" is a medicine that is indicated for a variety of respiratory diseases: all forms of bronchitis, bronchial asthma, bronchiectatic disease and others. It has a similar effect with the medicine "Ambrobene", and is based on the same active substance. The difference lies only in the manufacturers, cost, additional substances in the composition, and also in the fact that "Lazolvan" also has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the immune system, increasing it.
- "Ambrohexal" is a German-made medicine with a similar effect, which is prescribed for pathologies of the respiratory system, accompanied by difficulties in sputum discharge.
- “ACC” is a German analogue of the “Ambrobene” drug, which has a mucolytic effect and is recommended for respiratory ailments, which are characterized by the formation of viscous sputum. The main difference and advantage of this medication is its high effectiveness, since it has a threefold effect: in addition to antioxidant and mucolytic, it also has immunomodulating antitoxic.
- “Flavamed” - has the same effect as the main medication in question and has similar indications for the purpose. The multifactorial effect of this medication on the respiratory system increases its effectiveness in therapy. A feature of this tool is that it is able to remove the inflammatory process in the bronchi, reduce their activity and inhibit the development of bronchospasm.
Reviews on this drug
In the modern domestic pharmaceutical market, this medicine has been around for a very long time. Despite this, relatively recently appeared such dosage forms of the drug as solutions for inhalation and oral administration. There are a lot of reviews on the use of Ambrobene solutions and, for the most part, they are all good.
Patients who were prescribed this medication for coughing noted that, against the background of this treatment, they had a clear effect. At the same time, during the first days, the cough reflex intensified for many, through which excess mucus began to leave the bronchi. A severe cough caused some inconvenience to patients, especially at night, therefore, according to them, it is not recommended to use this medication in the evening. Doctors also indicate this in their reviews of the medicine Ambrobene.
Parents' reviews suggest that solutions for inhalation and oral administration quickly helped their children get rid of an obsessive dry cough, while other means were ineffective. It is indicated that before this a variety of breast collections, teas, as well as herbal medicines with licorice root or plantain were used.
As for the negative reactions to the effect of this medication, in all categories of patients there was an increased dry mouth, which can also be a common symptom of respiratory diseases, mild dizziness, and nausea. Many of the patients observed some skin manifestations, for example, rashes of a different nature, urticaria.
The reviews of experts suggest that at this stage of the development of pharmaceuticals in our country and around the world, medicines containing the main element in the form of ambroxol occupy a leading position among all antitussive medicines in terms of frequency of administration. This, according to doctors, is due to the fact that such drugs as Ambrobene act quickly, saving the patient from unpleasant symptoms.