Various infectious diseases are often accompanied by rhinitis, as well as tickling and painful sore throats. Spray for the throat and for the nose with an antibiotic is one of the most effective methods against these unpleasant symptoms.
Before starting treatment, you need to find out what caused the disease, because inflammation in the throat is far from always eliminated by antimicrobial agents.
Causes of Sore Throat and Nose
Otorhinolaryngological diseases:
- Pharyngitis is an inflammatory process of the larynx, which is provoked, as a rule, by viral pathogens. Patients complain of a slight increase in body temperature, as well as pain and unpleasant feelings in the throat when swallowing. It must be remembered that against viruses, antibacterial agents are powerless, eliminate the pain in the throat in this situation with the help of antiseptic drugs.
- Laryngitis is an inflammation in the throat, according to signs it is similar to pharyngitis. The disease appears with colds. As a rule, it does not provoke severe deterioration of health and proceeds without complications.
- Angina or tonsillitis is a defeat of the tonsils, which is accompanied by acute pain, as well as a sharp deterioration in health and a strong increase in temperature. A disease that is associated with a bacterial or fungal infection. With purulent tonsillitis, white spots appear on the tonsils.
- Paratonsillar abscess - an inflammatory process, in addition to the glands, also extends to the adjacent tissues, appears with untreated angina. This disease is characterized by severe deterioration in health and fever.
- Rhinitis is an inflammation syndrome of the nasal mucosa. Infectious rhinitis is caused by various microbes and viruses. The development of the common cold contributes to hypothermia, severe dust and gas contamination.
- Sinusitis is a prolonged, undulating inflammatory disease of the maxillary sinuses. Chronic sinusitis in the vast majority of cases is the result of acute inflammation of the maxillary sinuses or other organs.
- Acute nasopharyngitis - refers to the inflammatory process that occurs in the nasopharynx and has an infectious-allergic nature. In medicine, this disease is commonly called rhinopharyngitis, epipharyngitis, acute rhinitis and infectious rhinitis.
- Sinusitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of one or more sinuses. It can occur as a complication in acute cold, flu, other infectious diseases, as well as after facial trauma.
- Frontitis is an inflammatory disease of the frontal sinuses. Of all types of sinusitis, this is characterized by the most severe and persistent course.
The benefits of sprays over other dosage forms
In addition to sprays, tablets and lozenges can be used for resorption, as well as for treating the mouth with special preparations and rinsing with different solutions. But before other medicines, sprays have a number of positive aspects.
Pluses of sprays:
- The medicine in the bottle is under high pressure, when you press the nozzle, the active component penetrates directly into the source of infection and immediately begins to function, and this is important for severe pain in the throat.
- The ingress of an antimicrobial agent into the blood is minimal, with the help of which aerosols have much fewer contraindications, they can be used even for children.
- In addition to eliminating the symptoms themselves, such medications also affect the cause of their appearance.
- It is convenient to take a small bottle with you on a long journey or to work.
Medications are sometimes used as an independent treatment, but with a prolonged or severe course of the disease, they are considered only an addition to complex therapy.
Views
Depending on what effect the drug has on the mucosa, and what components are included in its composition, these types of sprays can be distinguished:
- With antimicrobial substance ("Bioparox", "Hexoral", "Stopangin"). These drugs are used for bacterial infections, since they can eliminate microbes on the surface of the glands and mucous membrane of the throat. Such medications must be taken with tonsillitis and exacerbation.
- With an antiseptic component. These substances ("Chlorhexidine", "Phenol", "Iodine") are part of the structure of most sprays, they are effective against bacteria and viruses, and they are also used for all kinds of infectious lesions in the throat.
- With analgesic effect. Medicines that contain lidocaine and benzocaine (Strepsils Plus, Septolete Plus, Teraflu Lar) instantly eliminate sore throat. Great for reducing unpleasant symptoms with tonsillitis.
- With anti-inflammatory component ("Tantum Verde"). Not only do they lower the activity of viruses and pathogens, but they also inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators, thereby eliminating edema, redness and other symptoms of inflammation.
- Based on seawater (Aqualor, Aqua Maris). They purify and moisturize the mucous cavity, protecting it from dryness, as a rule, they are used with antiseptic purpose for chronic diseases of the pharynx and larynx.
Contraindications
Before use, make sure that there are no restrictions. This dosage form also has certain contraindications. These include:
- Allergic manifestations on the active components that make up the drug. And if the patient is allergic to this or that medicine, the patient first of all needs to read the composition of this or that medicine well. And even more so, if you buy a spray for the first time, then you should use it with extreme caution and only under the supervision of a medical specialist.
- Damage to the genitourinary system. It must be remembered that drugs with antimicrobial activity adversely affect the liver.
- Disorders of the intestinal microflora. Antibacterial agents have the ability to eliminate not only pathogens, but also beneficial microflora, which adversely affects the digestive organs.
It should be remembered that the correct selection of one or another spray makes it possible to instantly and easily eliminate the cause of the disease and with its negative symptoms, such as, for example, inflammation and sore throat.
Therefore, when using sprays with antimicrobial substances, it is important to take their selection seriously, as well as thoroughly read the instructions, and only then start treatment with these drugs, only on the recommendation of a doctor. Since uncontrolled therapy can not only aggravate the disease, but also lead to complications.
Nasal and throat spray: use during pregnancy
Expectant mothers are not recommended to use such antimicrobials because the components of any antibiotics can pass through the placenta and harm the unborn baby.
This is especially true for tetracyclines, so the use of such medications is absolutely prohibited for women in the first trimester of pregnancy.
In addition, the use of drugs is not allowed for women during breastfeeding. But if nursing mothers still need to use such medicines, the baby will have to be transferred to mixtures for some time.
Rating of the best sprays
In the list of the best drugs in this dosage form are:
- Miramistin.
- "Cameton".
- Pediakid.
- "Bioparox".
- Isofra.
- Derinat.
Further drugs will be considered in more detail.
Miramistin
The drug exhibits increased bactericidal activity against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens:
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus.
- Klebsiella.
- Asheria.
- Pseudomonas.
Miramistin throat and nose spray helps to cope with inflammation. A pharmacological medication has an antiviral effect against complex viruses and has an instant and pronounced detrimental effect on the source of sexually transmitted diseases:
- Treponema.
- Neisseria.
- Chlamydia
- Trichomonas.
In addition, the drug eliminates inflammation, helps eliminate purulent exudate and form a dry scab, does not inhibit the healing process, does not have allergic or locally irritating effects.
"Cameton"
According to their pharmacological properties, aerosol and spray are the same. The form of the preparations is determined by additional components, which differ in aerosol and spray.
"Kameton" spray for the nose and throat has a weak analgesic, disinfecting effect and relieves the inflammatory process. Racemic camphor is an irritant, improves microcirculation.
Levomenthol has a locally irritating effect, which is accompanied by a slight effect of cold, tingling and burning. Also, this substance has a local analgesic and disinfecting effect.
Eucalyptus oil stimulates the nerve endings that are on the mucous cavities. In addition, the component has a mild disinfecting property and inhibits inflammation.
Pediakid
The drug is intended for children from thirty months. According to reviews of Pediakid for the nose and throat, the spray effectively cleanses the nasal passages and soothes the throat with the help of natural active substances.
A solution of sea water automatically absorbs and removes pathological secretions to the outside, thereby cleanses the respiratory system and facilitates the withdrawal of mucus. Aloe vera forms a membrane on the mucous cavity, protecting it from irritation and reducing pain in the throat.
In addition, Pediakid - a spray for the nose and throat - contains eucalyptus hydrolytes, as well as rosemary, echinacea extracts and copper. And also in the kit there are two nozzles for double action.
Isofra
The main active component of the spray belongs to the antimicrobial agents of the aminoglycoside group. Isofra has a bactericidal effect against a huge number of different pathogenic bacteria, including gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens that provoke otorhinolaryngological diseases.
The bactericidal effect is due to a violation of the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacterial cell and damage to the intracellular protein compound.
When using the active ingredients externally, the Isofra spray is not absorbed into the general bloodstream.
Derinat
The medicine can be used as a single drug for colds, but only in that situation if therapy was started from the first hours of the disease.
In the early days, the spray must be sprayed onto the mucous membrane of the throat every hour. In the next day, the medication is used every three to four hours. If the disease is not complicated by anything, then the Derinat therapy should be continued for only a week.
With pharyngitis and tonsillitis, the throat is irrigated every two hours, the duration of treatment can reach up to ten days. The duration of therapy is determined by a medical specialist. It depends on the age of the patient and the severity of the course of the disease.
In acute respiratory viral infections, it is necessary to start spraying the spray into the nose at the first sign of illness. As a rule, timely immunostimulation can significantly improve the course of the disease and reduce the likelihood of bacterial complications. In the early days, Derinat is often sprayed into the nose - two irrigations in both nostrils, every 1.5 hours. In the future, the frequency of use is reduced to five times a day.
With bacterial rhinitis and sinusitis, the drug is used in conjunction with antimicrobial, as well as vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory drugs (if necessary). The drug is irrigated four times each nasal passage 6 times a day. The average duration of therapy is ten days.
"Bioparox" - spray for the nose and throat
Aerosol is a topical antibacterial agent. The active component of the drug has increased pharmacological efficacy against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as anaerobes and fungi of the genus Candida.
The highest therapeutic activity of the Bioparox spray antibiotic for the nose and throat is in the early stages of the disease, that is, literally on the first day, while the inflammation is not yet started.
When using aerosol for pharmacological purposes, patients noted a decrease in pain when swallowing, a decrease in swelling of the palatine and pharyngeal tonsils, as well as a slight improvement in the general condition.
At this point, the drug is not sold in Russia.
Experts propose replacing the spray for the throat and nose of Bioparox with analogues:
- "Lugolem";
- Girammidinom
- "Novosept Forte"
- "Ingaliptom" and some others.
Conclusion
Correctly choose a spray can only be a medical specialist. Since the composition of the medicines is different, the wrong choice can not only not have a positive effect, but also aggravate the course of the disease.
To find out exactly which pathogens caused the lesion, it is possible only after laboratory tests. The study of biomaterials helps to make the correct diagnosis and choose a drug to which harmful microorganisms have not developed resistance.
If the use of drugs for one week does not give any effect, then the doctor will replace the medication or completely review the treatment regimen. You also need to find out if the patient has concomitant diseases that can adversely affect treatment.
When choosing an aerosol, a medical specialist takes into account not only the type of ailment and its history, but also the combination of all the medicines that the patient will use. Some drugs may decrease the effectiveness of an antimicrobial drug or distort its effect.