What can replace Pentoxifylline? An analogue of this drug will be presented in the article. From it you will learn about what the medication is intended for, in what forms it goes on sale, how it should be used, and so on.
Composition, shape, packaging
In what form is the drug Pentoxifylline sold? Instructions for use (analogues of this drug can be found in any pharmacy) indicate that this medication is available in different forms, namely:
- In tablets (400 and 100 mg), which are coated with a pink coating. One carton can contain 60 or 20 pieces.
- In a dragee (400 and 100 mg). In one pack of cardboard can be 60 or 20 pieces.
- In sustained release tablets (600 and 400 mg), which are enteric coated and have a line for dividing. Cardboard packaging usually contains 50 pieces.
- In ampoules with injection. The composition of this drug includes pentoxifylline, as well as sodium chloride and water.
Pharmacological features
What properties does Pentoxifylline have? An analogue of this tool has the same features as the medication itself. It belongs to the new pharmacological group of hemorheological agents. It is able to restore the plasticity of red blood cells and reduce their deformation. This increases the permeability of blood vessels that have a narrow lumen.
Such properties of the drug lead to improved microcirculation, positively affecting the tissue during hypoxia.
How does Pentoxifylline work? Analogues imported and Russian have the same therapeutic effect as the tool itself. After using the drug, it reduces the aggregation of red blood cells, which subsequently easily increase the blood supply to organs and penetrate the extravascular bed.
We can not say that the medication in question reduces the viscosity of the blood, thereby contributing to the disaggregation of platelets. As a result of this effect of the drug, minute and stroke volumes of blood increase, but heart rate indicators do not change.
Thus, the expansion of the vessels of the lungs improves the filling of O 2 blood, and the expansion of the coronary arteries increase the delivery of O 2 to the myocardium.
The drug in question is able to increase the tone of the diaphragm and respiratory muscles. Under its influence, the amount of blood that flows through the collaterals increases, and blood circulation in them increases.
What other features does Pentoxifylline have? The analogue of this medicine and the drug itself increase the concentration of ATP in the brain, as well as improve blood circulation in disturbed areas (for example, with ischemic stroke).
It should also be noted that the medication mentioned has a positive effect on the central nervous system and its work. With damage to the peripheral arteries, the use of this agent leads to an increase in walking distances, including with a disease such as obliterating endarteritis.
Pharmacokinetic indicators
How long is Pentoxifylline absorbed? Instructions for use (analogues of this medication are listed below) informs us that this medication has excellent penetrating ability, including through the blood-brain barrier.
The half-life of the drug with intravenous administration is 30 minutes. When taking the medicine inside, it is completely adsorbed from the digestive tract.
The drug is transformed in the liver, where it forms dimethylxanthine metabolites. In the blood, the maximum concentration of the drug is reached within 4 hours after application. Moreover, it remains at the therapeutic level for about a day.
The drug is excreted mainly by the kidneys (about 95%). Through the intestines, the drug comes out slightly.
In the fairer sex who breastfeed, the drug can be excreted along with milk. It should also be noted that the withdrawal of this medication is slowed down in patients with severe diseases of the kidneys, liver and in the elderly.
Indications for use
For what purposes can a patient be prescribed Pentoxifylline? Analogs and substitutes for the drug have the same indications for use.
Currently, such an effective drug is used to treat many diseases. Let's list them right now:
- cerebrovascular insufficiency;
- urolithiasis;
- atherosclerotic encephalopathy;
- ischemic stroke;
- diabetic nephroangiopathy;
- arterial hypertension;
- obstructive bronchitis;
- bronchial asthma;
- peripheral circulatory disorders ;
- encephalopathy;
- algodismenorea;
- sepsis;
- cholecystitis;
- intestinal dyskinesia ;
- pylorospasm;
- smooth muscle spasms;
- postthrombophlebitis syndrome;
- dysmenorrhea;
- angioneuropathy (Raynaud's disease) ;
- circulatory disorders of the eye;
- tissue trophism disorders;
- trophic ulcers;
- threatening miscarriage;
- functional disorders of the middle and inner ear;
- vascular impotence;
- muscle dystrophy;
- gangrene, frostbite.
Contraindications
What diseases are prohibited to use the drug "Pentoxifylline"? The analogue of this medication and the drug itself cannot be taken by people with intolerance to the main components, as well as other representatives of the xanthine group.
In addition, the drug in question is contraindicated in patients who have recently suffered a hemorrhagic stroke or acute myocardial infarction, as well as suffering from severe atherosclerosis of the heart and brain arteries, porphyria.
Using the medication intravenously is prohibited for arrhythmias, bleeding, low blood pressure, and retinal hemorrhages. Also, the drug is contraindicated in lactation and gestation, for children under 18 years of age.
With extreme caution, this drug is prescribed for operated people (to prevent bleeding of the mucous membranes and internal organs), as well as for patients with severe kidney and liver diseases, with gastric ulcer, gastritis and heart failure.
Application methods
How is Pentoxifylline used? Instructions for use, reviews (analogues of this tool may have other dosages) by experienced doctors suggest that this medication is taken orally and parenterally (depending on the severity of the disease).
Oral administration of the drug begins with a dose of 200 mg (i.e. 2 tablets three times a day, after meals). After achieving a therapeutic effect, the indicated amount is halved. The course of treatment with tablets should last no more than a month.
In severe and acute diseases of internal organs, the medication is prescribed in ampoules. There are 2 ways to administer the drug: intravenous and intraarterial. The first procedure is carried out by means of a dropper. To do this, use 1 ampoule per 250 ml of glucose or sodium chloride solution. The indicated dosage is administered within 2 hours.
As for the intra-arterial administration of the drug, it is prescribed in a dose of 0.1 g per 50 ml of sodium chloride solution.
Side effects
Among the most common side effects are the following:
- dizziness, anxiety, sleep disturbances, cramps, mood changes, headache;
- exacerbation of cholecystitis, increased activity of liver transaminases, the development of cholestatic hepatitis;
- vomiting, a feeling of fullness in the stomach, nausea, diarrhea, decreased appetite;
- urticaria, anaphylactic shock, itching, angioedema, redness of the skin;
- the occurrence of arrhythmias, heart pain, decreased blood pressure, angina pectoris;
- thrombocytopenia, leukopenia;
- accommodation, visual impairment;
- exacerbation of bronchial asthma, bronchospasm, respiratory failure;
- bleeding of various etiologies.
The drug "Pentoxifylline": analogues, price
The following drugs are analogues of the drug in question:
- dragee "Agapurin" (100 mg), as well as a solution for injection in ampoules (100 mg);
- coated tablets (Wazonite) (600 mg);
- pills, tablets and Trental injection.
It should be noted that Trental is an original drug. It is prescribed to patients with encephalopathies of different origin.
As for the price, then for all the drugs listed, it is different. The analogue of Trental Pentoxifylline can be purchased for 120 rubles, the original medicine for 520 rubles, Agapurin for 300 rubles, and Vasonit for 400 rubles.
Reviews
Reviews about this drug are mostly positive. The medication is effective for vascular diseases of many systems and organs. Most reviews of Pentoxifylline have been left by men who suffer from obliterating endarteritis with intermittent claudication. This medication is for them the means of number 1, since this disease has the property of progressing.