Under the perineum, understand the area that is located between the external genitalia and the anus (anus). It includes soft formations, muscles, fascia, which are located between the pubic bones, the upper part of the coccyx, sciatic tubercles. The crotch of a man and a woman is almost the same in form, it is in the form of a rhombus. In women, it is slightly shorter, serves as a support for the pelvic organs and forms the bottom of the pelvis.
Pain in the perineum: features and causes
There are short-term and permanent pains in the perineum, situational, which occur under certain circumstances (during intercourse, during bowel movement). They can be acute, be aching or almost imperceptible.
Often, symptoms of pain can radiate to the pubic region, coccyx, lower abdomen. The occurrence of pain in these places is associated with a change in the hormonal background, hypothermia, weakened immune defense, prolonged or uncontrolled use of drugs (antibiotics). With exacerbations of prostatitis, pain can also occur, which in this case is strong, acute, and radiates to the head of the penis, sacrum. Chronic forms of this disease are also characterized by the appearance of such unpleasant sensations, which are of less intensity, but of longer duration. Pain in the perineum is the main symptom of prostate abscess.
Perineal pain in women
Perineal pain can be triggered by inflammatory diseases of the urethra. With urethritis, the pain syndrome is weak and subtle (in the initial stages of the disease) and very intense (in chronic forms). The pain can be prolonged and complicated by colliculitis - the inflammatory process of the seminal tubercle, which is located in the posterior urethra. Pain sensations appear due to mechanical damage to the urethra and perineum during the passage of stones, bruises.
Perineal pain in pregnant women
The appearance of pain from 35 to 37 weeks is often a harbinger of imminent birth. By this time, the hip joints diverge significantly, but the ligaments do not have such elasticity. Therefore, there are pains of a sharp, shooting character. The appearance of pain at an earlier stage of pregnancy is a poor prognostic factor, as the risk of spontaneous miscarriage increases . Often the appearance of such unpleasant sensations can be associated with a growing fetus, which, possibly, compresses the nerves (for example, the sciatic). Pain can occur with varicose veins of the perineum and loosening of its ligaments.
During childbirth, pain often occurs that is associated with a traumatic effect on the muscles of the pelvic floor. Often there are gaps due to the passage of the baby’s head through the birth canal of the mother, the effects of the child’s movement on the pelvic muscles, which have reduced elasticity. In some cases, pain disappears after childbirth.
Treatment of perineal pain
Detection of pain in the perineum of any intensity should lead to immediate medical attention. He will establish the source and prescribe the appropriate treatment. The following methods are used for diagnosis: ultrasound, swab from the vagina or urethra. For breaks after childbirth, operational methods are needed - suturing the perineal wound.
Pain in the perineum is a rather serious symptom that requires immediate treatment, otherwise the disease will turn into a chronic form.