Calcium chloride (or, in other words, calcium chloride) has been used in medical practice for many decades. It is a colorless powder, bitter-salty taste, soluble in water in a ratio of 4: 1. In the process of diluting the powder, the solution must be cooled significantly. Calcium chloride is hygroscopic, so it quickly dissolves in the open air. Solutions of this drug are sterilized at a temperature of 100 ° C for 0.5 hours. The drug is released in tightly sealed glass jars with powder and in 5, 10 ml ampoules with a 10% solution.
Calcium chloride is intended for intravenous administration (in the form of a solution) and for oral administration. This medication eliminates calcium deficiency. It beneficially affects the reduction of skeletal and smooth muscles, blood coagulation, myocardial activity, bone formation. Calcium chloride when administered intravenously stimulates the nervous system, has a slight diuretic effect, accelerates the production of epinephrine by the adrenal glands. This drug prevents inflammatory reactions, enhances phagocytosis and improves resistance to infections.
Calcium chloride, the indications for the use of which are quite numerous, is used only as directed by a doctor and under his supervision. This drug is prescribed for the need for calcium during lactation, pregnancy; enhanced growth of the body; bleeding of various etiologies (nasal, gastrointestinal, uterine, pulmonary, uterine); bronchial asthma; alimentary edema; allergic diseases (urticaria, serum sickness, itching, angioedema, febrile syndrome). It is also used for pulmonary tuberculosis; rachitis; tetany; hypocalcemia; hypoparathyroidism; increased vascular permeability; lead colic; radiation sickness; spasmophilia; hemorrhagic vasculitis; toxic hepatitis; eclampsia; jade; poisoning with fluoride, oxalic acids and magnesium salts. Calcium chloride is also used for paroxysmal myoplegia in hyperkalemic form; inflammatory and exudative processes (pleurisy, pneumonia, adnexitis, endometritis), psoriasis, eczema. In combination with other drugs, the drug is used to stimulate labor.
Contraindications for use are: hypercalcemia, hypersensitivity, tendency to form blood clots, atherosclerosis.
The use of this drug intravenously can cause a feeling of extreme heat, facial flushing, bradycardia, and if administered too quickly, fibrillation in the ventricles of the heart can occur. When taking the solution inside, heartburn and gastralgia are sometimes observed. Local reactions include hyperemia of the veins and pain.
Intravenous administration of calcium chloride is very slow. 5-10-15 ml of 10% solution are administered. Inside take 5-10% solution of the drug 2-3 r. a day after meals. A single dose: adults - 10-15 ml, children - 5-10 ml.
This drug is not administered subcutaneously and intramuscularly, since tissue necrosis is possible with this administration . With the simultaneous use of calcium chloride and some drugs (tetracycline, digoxin, iron preparations), the absorption of the latter slows down. In combination with thiazide group diuretics, the drug enhances hypercalcemia, reduces the effect of calcitonin, reduces the availability of phenytoin.
The shelf life of the solutions is 10 years, and the powder is not limited. Store the drug in a dry and dark place.
Technical calcium chloride is used in the forestry, chemical, woodworking, oil refining, and petroleum industries. It is necessary for the production of refrigeration equipment, the manufacture of some building materials. It is also used in non-ferrous metallurgy and road construction. This substance is produced in 3 types: liquid, calcined, hydrated. The size of its particles does not exceed 10 mm across.