Candida urethritis is localized in the urinary tract at a time when the immunity of its walls is very low. In this case, it turns out that infection of the urethra occurs regularly. The fungus can penetrate through the skin, from the intestinal tract, but more often during intercourse.
Causes
The main reason for the development of candidal urethritis is the appearance in the body of the candida fungus and its successful development under favorable circumstances. Usually a healthy organism is difficult for fungi to defeat, the infection begins to develop against a background of weakened immunity.
The decrease in the protective forces of the urethra can be caused by the following reasons:
- past stress;
- the presence of bad habits;
- congenital or acquired diseases of the immune system;
- violation in the intestinal microflora;
- promiscuous sexual intercourse;
- allergic reactions;
- malfunctions of the endocrine system caused by taking antibiotics or hormones;
- among men, the main reason for the occurrence of a fungal infection is considered to be erratic sexual life with frequent change of partners, without the use of protective measures.
What else affects development?
Other factors affecting the development of the disease are:
- intensive hormone therapy, long-term use of antibiotics;
- abuse of sweets, flour products, products with a high content of starch;
- obesity;
- AIDS;
- antitumor therapy with cytostatic drugs;
- diabetes;
- dysbiosis;
- avitaminosis;
- hormonal disorders caused by age-related changes.
Symptoms
Candida urethritis occurs in both sexes. Due to the difference in the structure of the genital organs, the symptoms in men and women may differ. Next, we consider the manifestations of the pathology in more detail, depending on the gender of the patient.
In men
So, in men, the following symptoms are observed, indicating the presence of a fungal infection:
- When urinating, cramps, burning and itching are observed.
- The glans penis turned red and swollen.
- The head itself is covered with a light white coating.
- Possible discharge from the urethra in the form of white mucus.
- Frequent urination, constantly feeling full of the bladder.
- The penis becomes very sensitive.
- During intercourse, sharp pains are observed.
Among women
In women, the symptoms of candidal urethritis are less pronounced, manifest as follows:
- Itching and burning in the urethra.
- Curdled vaginal discharge of white or light yellow color, increasing in the morning and during intercourse.
- The vagina is covered with a constant white coating.
- Itching in the anus, inner thighs, and vagina.
There are general sensations in men and women with fungal infections of the genital organs. These are pains in the lower abdomen with increased physical activity, pain during urination, white plaque on the genitals, burning in the urethra.
Self diagnosis
Candida urethritis is a disease in which the fungus affects the genitourinary tract. You can diagnose candidiasis yourself if there are such symptoms:
- When urinating, pain of mild or moderate intensity is felt.
- With an increase in physical activity, pains periodically occur in the lower abdomen.
- Cheesy discharge of white or light yellow color, which increases in the morning and during intercourse, is released from the vagina.
- On the genitals, you can observe a curdled plaque.
- A burning sensation is felt in the genital area.
- Itching is felt in the vagina, anus and inner thighs.
Such symptoms can speak of many diseases, so in order to more accurately diagnose the disease, it is necessary to undergo an examination.
Medical diagnosis
Examination for the diagnosis of candidal urethritis in women and men includes the following activities:
- Inspection by a gynecologist.
- Examination with an urethroscope of the urethra.
- General analysis of blood and urine.
- Taking a smear for the study of pathogenic flora and identification of the pathogen.
- Bacteriological sowing.
- In some cases, histological examination is possible when scraping is taken from the affected tissue.
- Ultrasound of the pelvic organs with some indications.
All these measures will help not only to identify the disease, but also the pathogen, to prescribe a more proper treatment.
Drug treatment
Urethritis is a fairly common problem in urology, which requires a balanced approach to treatment. This is especially true of the candidal form of the disease, which most often occurs against the background of a decrease in the body's defenses (acquired immunodeficiency).
Treatment of candidal urethritis in women and men should be comprehensive and include the following areas:
- Etiotropic treatment (antifungal drugs).
- Pathogenetic therapy (detoxification).
- Symptomatic therapy (antipyretics with fever above 38.5 ° C, analgesics, antihistamines).
- Local therapy (antiseptic drugs, hygiene measures, antifungal ointments, suppositories, etc.).
An important condition for taking antimycotic drugs: to fully cure and get the right result, medications must be taken strictly at the appointed time. Therapy is carried out taking into account the sensitivity of Candida fungi to antifungal drugs. Among the substances that are widely used as therapy are clotrimazole, fluconazole, nystatin, levorin, amphotericin B.
The principles of treatment of acute candidal urethritis in men and women are as follows.
The mild degree can be limited only by local therapy: in males it is instillation (rinsing) of the urethra with antiseptic solutions (furatsillin), clotrimazole 1% cream locally 2-3 times a day. The course is 14 days. For women, use baths with decoctions of herbs that have an anti-inflammatory effect (chamomile), a weak solution of potassium permanganate, candles with an antibiotic in the vagina or rectum.
Medium and severe degrees require complex treatment: the combination of local and systemic etiotropic therapy. Fluconazole orally according to the scheme: 150 mg on the first day, then 50 mg once a day for another 7 days.
The principles of treatment of chronic candidal urethritis. The treatment has stages:
- the first stage is the relief of acute manifestations;
- the second stage is maintenance therapy (after the elimination of acute phenomena).
First step. The duration of the course is 14 days. Drug regimens are the same as in acute urethritis.
Second phase. Duration - six months. Fluconazole orally 150 mg 4 times a month (1 time per week). Immunomodulators (Timalin, Ribomunil, Timogen) and vitamin-mineral complexes are added to the treatment regimen.
Features of the treatment of pregnant women with candidal urethritis: the use of funds for local treatment. At the beginning of the gestational gestational age, natamycin is prescribed in vaginal suppositories, 100 mg once a day. The course is 4-6 days; in the second half of pregnancy, clotrimazole in the form of a vaginal tablet of 100 mg once a day is allowed. The course is 7 days.
A healthy lifestyle, rational fortified nutrition, compliance with hygiene measures and a culture of sexual behavior contribute to a quick recovery and the prevention of such cases of the disease.
Alternative treatment
With candidal (fungal) urethritis, appropriate drug therapy in combination with the use of proven folk remedies and treatment methods give persistent positive results. Decoctions and infusions from medicinal herbs are designed to alleviate the symptoms of candida urethritis, including to relieve the discomfort during urination, reduce pain, they help relieve inflammation and weaken the influence of harmful bacteria, and strengthen the human immune system.
Below are the most effective and affordable folk remedies and methods used for urethritis, namely:
- In order to get rid of the unpleasant sensations during urination (itching, cramps), a lime decoction is used (a spoon of the crushed plant is brewed with a glass of boiling water, warmed up over a fire and infused for at least half an hour). It is taken in a glass before meals twice a day.
- Diuretic and antimicrobial properties of a medicinal plant of creeping wheat grass. The broth is prepared from the crushed roots of the plant (two tablespoons are poured with a glass of cold water, the day is insisted, drained, then boiled water is added and brewed). Take half a glass half an hour before meals twice a day.
- Strengthens the immune system, has an antibacterial and diuretic effect, has a decoction of chopped and boiled blackcurrant leaves. You can take such a decoction even in the form of ordinary tea, the use of fresh currant berries will strengthen its effect.
- It is effective for maintaining the general condition of the body, and it is also a natural diuretic decoction of parsley. For greater efficiency, crushed leaves are poured with milk and "languished" in the oven until the volume is halved. In addition, a recipe is known when a spoonful of chopped parsley is filled with plain cold water and insisted for at least ten hours in a warm room. Juice from parsley leaves is also used (to mitigate the therapeutic effect, it can be diluted, for example, with carrot juice).
- With candidal urethritis, an infusion of cornflower flowers is often used (one tablespoon of flowers is poured with a glass of hot water and infused for two hours). The drug is taken before meals during the day.
- A good effect on relieving itching and burning is achieved by using soothing teas based on medicinal herbs such as mint and lemon balm.
All folk remedies are used after consultation with a doctor, who can also tell the duration of the course of treatment.