At the moment, a large number of people are thinking about what hemarthrosis of the knee joint is. The fact is that this disease is beginning to bother humanity more and more often. This disease manifests itself suddenly, and a person feels aching in the knee. In this disease, inaction is prohibited.
Description of the disease
The described disease is listed in the international classification of diseases - ICD-10. Hemarthrosis of the knee is a disease in which there is an outpouring of blood into the joint. This happens not only with the knee, but also with the elbow and wrist. But most often it is the lower limb that suffers.
The reason for the development of this disease should be called external intervention. Any trauma, rupture, or simply severe bruising can harm important vessels. They burst, and blood begins to flow from them. The knee joint is designed so that the fluid has nowhere to go, respectively, it remains inside. That is why, when a person develops this disease, it is necessary to consult a doctor.
Who is at risk?
Before discussing the treatment of hemarthrosis of the knee, it is necessary to say what symptoms should be addressed. At the moment, this disease is very common. The first signs, as a rule, appear after 25 years. Often this disease occurs in children who are not yet three years old. It should be noted that older people are most at risk of this disease. This is due to the fact that, due to age, the bone framework weakens, and the muscles become weak. Given that hemarthrosis appears due to injuries and injuries, it can also appear in people who are intensely involved in sports.
Symptoms
There are four main symptoms that should be addressed.
- The first of these is aches. How painful it is to move the knee directly depends on the amount of blood that is already in the knee. Fluid irritates the inner layer of the joint, interfering with the functioning of the inner bag. 3 degrees of aches in the knee are shared. If the blood is less than 10 ml, then this is the first degree, if its volume reaches 120 ml, then this is the second. The third is observed when the amount of blood exceeds an indicator of 200 ml. Information on this is confirmed by the ICD. Hemarthrosis of the knee joint is a disease registered in the 10th edition.
- Inversion. In simple terms, the knee will protrude very much. This is due to the fact that blood accumulates and rests on the upper part. The knee is smoothed in shape and swells.
- Limitedness. Due to the fact that blood accumulates, the main purpose of this joint will be violated. This is especially noticeable when bending and bending the knee. It should also be noted that when walking pain will occur.
- The last symptom is a “running patella.” This phenomenon is observed with the development of a disease of stage 2 or 3. In order to determine the symptom, it is necessary to lie on the couch. The doctor presses on the patella. If there is fluid, the joint will sink inward and then float again.
First aid
The worst thing about knee joint hemarthrosis is that the blood can mix with purulent discharge. This sight is rather unpleasant, and also entails a serious complication. In addition, a similar disease can change cartilage tissue. If right medical care is not immediately provided, then the affected area can suffer quite severely, as adhesions from scar tissue will occur. After a while, they will begin to calcify, which is an irreversible consequence.
It follows from this that the first thing to do is to immobilize the knee joint. It is necessary to wind flat objects to it. Their length should be from the middle of the thigh to the lower leg. If there is no way to do this, then at least ice should be applied. Next, you need to call an ambulance.
Diagnostics
When diagnosing a knee, hemarthrosis can be detected using the following procedures.
- The first procedure is radiography. The doctor sends a person to take a picture of the knee. It must be done in two projections. Thanks to this, you can not only notice fluid in the knee joint, but also understand if there is a fracture.
- The second diagnostic method is arthroscopy. It is a micro-operation. Her doctor conducts using an arthroscope. It should be placed inside the joint, removing all unnecessary elements, such as dead tissue and cartilage scraps. No blood is taken. Also after this method, the knee joint remains in its original form.
- The third procedure is a knee puncture. It should be noted that it is not only a diagnostic method, but also a therapeutic one. They perform it under local anesthesia. The doctor injects a syringe into the joint, drawing fluid out of it. Thanks to this, it is possible to evaluate not only the degree of the disease, but also the limitation of its course. If the blood drains, then the injury is only a few hours. If clear water appears mixed with blood, then knee joint hemarthrosis appeared no more than two days ago. If a dark liquid that is mixed with pus drains, then this disease is old. The knee joint itself does not suffer after this procedure.
Mild treatment
If a person suspects that he has hemarthrosis of the knee joint, treatment should not be started on his own. Need to immobilize your knee and call an ambulance.
If the patient has a first degree of development of the disease, then a puncture will not be prescribed. As a rule, a small amount of blood resolves itself. The doctor will only put a special plaster cast. After some time, the UHF will be done.
Therapy in difficult situations
If we are talking about the accumulation of a large amount of fluid, then a puncture is prescribed. After her, the doctor will apply a tight bandage and will perform the immobilization of the longet. There may also be concomitant injuries. That is why surgical intervention is often prescribed.
With the development of hemophilia, along with the standard measures described above, it is necessary to perform a blood transfusion and the introduction of globulin. This is all done in the hematology department of the hospital.
In addition to the above methods, others can also prescribe. We are talking about physiotherapy exercises, the application of plaster or dressings. Sometimes the doctor prescribes physiotherapy, MRI and CT. It should be noted that if hemophilia begins to develop, then the patient is immediately hospitalized, carefully transporting the knee. Prescribe drugs that increase blood coagulation.
ethnoscience
You can use traditional medicine in order to reduce the amount of blood entering the joint, as well as to reduce pain during hemarthrosis of the knee joint after an injury.
It is necessary to take yarrow, nettle and oregano. It is necessary to brew an infusion of them, fill it with boiled water and leave for an hour. This collection should be taken in 50 ml before each meal.
To relieve your pain, you can use an ointment. It is made from alcohol, medical bile, as well as honey. This mixture must be applied to the knee, no need to rub. After an hour, the joint should be washed.
Fresh arnica leaves are considered a good option. They must be put in a bowl of boiled water. It is necessary to wait until they swell, and then attach to the damaged area of the knee. Next should be bandaged with a gauze bandage. Compress can be removed only after an hour. Such a recipe will help to avoid bruising, and it also helps to resolve the swelling. Clay and wormwood grass have a similar effect in trauma and hemarthrosis of the knee joint.