Arterial blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of blood on the walls of blood vessels. It depends on the state in which the person is, as well as on the resistance exerted by the capillaries, arteries and veins. The value of blood pressure increases with physical exertion, in stressful situations. A decrease in this indicator is observed upon termination of exposure to the organism of certain factors.
If the vascular tone rises, and the narrowed state of the capillaries, arteries and veins does not pass, arterial hypertension (abbreviated designation - AH), or hypertension occurs. So, let's see if the words “hypertension” and “hypertension” have the main difference? Are these terms equivalent?
The difference between arterial hypertension and hypertension
Terms such as arterial hypertension and hypertension exist. Differences between the concepts can be seen by reading the following definitions:
- arterial hypertension - high blood pressure in the arteries;
- hypertension is a disease of unclear etiology, which is characterized by a steady increase in blood pressure and regional disorders of vascular tone.
After analyzing the definitions of "arterial hypertension" and "hypertension", we can conclude that the first term refers to a symptom, and the second to a diagnosis. However, in many modern books and magazines devoted to medicine, these concepts are used as synonyms.
Causes of arterial hypertension
One of the factors contributing to the development of hypertension is extra pounds. With overweight, the risk of hypertension increases 6 times. This is explained by the fact that fat people have impaired fat metabolism. Blood vessels become less elastic. As a result, blood pressure begins to deviate from the norm.
Those people who are interested in the topic “Hypertension and Hypertension: Differences” should also know that an unhealthy lifestyle is another cause of the disease. In people who refuse physical activity, hypertension is diagnosed 2 times more often than in those who are quite active. Smokers also complain of high blood pressure. Due to a bad habit, spasm of the vessels occurs . This provokes a rise in blood pressure.
The condition indicated by the terms "hypertension" and "hypertension" (the differences between them are indicated above) can be caused by heredity. The likelihood of hypertension increases if any of the relatives (mom, dad, grandmother, grandfather) suffers from high blood pressure, hypertension. It is also worth noting that men under the age of 40 are much more likely to complain of rises in blood pressure. This is due to sex hormones. Over the years, the chances of developing hypertension in both men and women become equal.
Symptoms of Hypertension
What is the difference between hypertension and hypertension, what is the difference between these terms? Many people with high blood pressure ask these questions. About arterial hypertension (hypertension) is said when the blood pressure exceeds the mark of 140/90 mm RT. Art. At the same time, “prehypertension”, mild hypertension, moderate hypertension and severe hypertension are distinguished.
Characterization of blood pressure levels| Category | Pressure |
systolic (upper), in mm RT. Art. | diastolic (lower), in mm RT. Art. |
| Severe hypertension | more than 180 | more than 110 |
| Moderate hypertension | from 160, but not more than 179 | from 100, but not more than 109 |
| Mild hypertension | from 140 to 159 | from 90 to 99 |
| "Prehypertension" (borderline normal blood pressure) | from 140 to 159 | from 90 to 95 |
With increased pressure, the well-being of patients worsens. Those people who have arterial hypertension (hypertension) notice the following symptoms in themselves:
- headaches;
- noise in ears;
- dizziness;
- flies before the eyes;
- dyspnea;
- palpitations
- feeling of pain in the heart.
At the initial stage, which is characterized by moderately elevated pressure, signs of hypertension, as a rule, do not appear. In the following stages, suspicious symptoms occur in connection with the progression of the disease, damage to internal organs (impaired cerebral circulation, heart failure).
Drug treatment
The goal of therapy is to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular complications. To achieve it, it is necessary to carry out treatment with antihypertensive drugs continuously (not courses) in accordance with the recommendations of the doctor. Regarding medicines, it is worth noting that there are different remedies. They are divided into the following groups:
- diuretics ("Hydrochlorothiazide", "Furosemide");
- β-adenoblockers ("Propranolol", "Betaxolol");
- calcium antagonists (Verapamil, Amlodipine);
- angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors , ACE (Captopril, Quinapril);
- angiotensin II receptor blockers ("Losartan", "Irbesartan"), etc.
A specific drug can be prescribed by a doctor after taking into account existing contraindications, the presence of concomitant diseases, the condition of the liver, kidneys and other internal organs. Monotherapy helps 1/3 sick people. The remaining patients need to be prescribed several drugs. This therapy is called combination.
Non-drug methods
Sick people interested in the topic “Hypertension and hypertension: differences, what is the difference”, it is worth remembering that treatment is not limited to the use of drugs. Absolutely all patients, experts recommend non-drug methods. First of all, pay attention to your body weight. If there are extra pounds, then you need:
- change your diet (increase the amount of fruits and vegetables, limit the consumption of animal fats, add fish and seafood to the menu);
- increase physical activity (swimming, brisk walking, cycling for 30-40 minutes 3 or 4 times a week can give a positive effect).
One of the important non-drug methods is smoking cessation. Having got rid of a bad habit, you can significantly reduce the likelihood of cardiovascular ailments (stroke, coronary heart disease). It is also recommended to abandon alcohol products.
Non-drug methods of treatment include restriction of salt. Previous studies have shown that blood pressure decreases due to this measure. For example, due to salt restriction from 10 to 5 g per day, systolic blood pressure decreases by about 4-6 mm Hg. Art.
Medical nutrition
People who have arterial hypertension (the difference from hypertension is that the last term is a disease, diagnosis) shows a potassium diet. Foods rich in macronutrients (potatoes, legumes, nuts, seaweed, dried fruits) contribute to the removal of fluid from the body. In addition, they prevent potassium deficiency, which occurs due to the use of certain diuretics.
An example is the following menu for hypertensive patients:
- morning breakfast - tea, chicken egg, boiled soft-boiled, oatmeal cooked in milk;
- lunch - baked apples with sugar;
- lunch - vegetable soup, carrot puree, boiled meat, dried fruit compote;
- afternoon tea - a decoction prepared on the basis of rose hips;
- dinner - boiled potatoes, boiled fish, cottage cheese dessert, tea;
- before going to bed - a sour-milk drink.
Folk remedies for the disease
In the condition indicated by the terms "hypertension" and "hypertension" (modern experts do not distinguish between them), folk remedies can help. Many recipes are known:
- Blood pressure can be reduced thanks to beetroot juice and honey. To prepare the medicine, take 1 glass with the first ingredient. Honey is needed in the same amount. Both ingredients are mixed in a container. The finished product is taken before meals for 2-3 tablespoons. tablespoons thrice a day.
- Blood pressure returns to normal with a honey-lemon drink. Honey in the amount of 1 tbsp. spoons are dissolved in a glass of mineral water. Squeeze the juice from half a lemon and add it to the preparation. Drink the drink on an empty stomach for a week. After a course of treatment, they take a month-long break.
- With hypertension, it is useful to drink viburnum infusion. To prepare it, take 10 g of fruit and fill them with 1 cup of hot water. The container with the product is covered with a lid and insisted on a water bath for a quarter of an hour. Then the medicine is cooled, filtered and warm water is added so that the volume is 200 ml. Take the infusion three times a day for 1/3 cup.
Consequences if untreated
People who are interested in how hypertension differs from hypertension should know that a condition characterized by high blood pressure is dangerous. It often leads to a stroke. This is a violation of cerebral circulation, which sometimes causes death. With a stroke, people have a severe headache. In some cases, it is accompanied by nausea or vomiting. Patients also experience dizziness, noise and heaviness in the head, speech is disturbed, paralysis of the extremities and loss of consciousness occur.
Another dangerous consequence of hypertension is myocardial infarction. In this condition, ischemic necrosis of the muscle middle layer of the heart develops due to insufficient blood supply. The main sign of myocardial infarction is pain behind the sternum. Sometimes patients note shortness of breath, cough. Often the only symptom is sudden cardiac arrest.
Preventative measures
In order not to encounter hypertension and its dangerous consequences, the following recommendations should be followed:
- try not to get into stressful situations;
- prevent the development of obesity;
- regularly use a blood pressure monitor to measure blood pressure;
- more often walk in the fresh air;
- Do not smoke or abuse alcohol;
- adhere to a special diet with a restriction of salt;
- normalize your mode of work and rest.
In conclusion, it is worth noting that hypertension is a common disease. It affects about 30% of the adult population. In older people, the likelihood of an ailment is higher. If suspicious symptoms appear, consult a doctor who will make an accurate diagnosis. The receptionist will explain the difference between hypertension and hypertension. If necessary, he will prescribe the appropriate treatment.