Art Nouveau houses appeared in the late XIX - early XX century. Many were interested in the use of new materials and forms. In a word, a desire arose to distract from the classics. Under the influence of these factors, architecture developed. Art Nouveau of the 20th century is expressive. It is characterized by the use of advanced technical means and the latest materials.
General information
Projects of houses in the Art Nouveau style are distinguished by the absence of right angles and lines. Also, this style implies the presence of rounded shapes. The main distinguishing feature of the Art Nouveau house (photo will be presented below) are floral motifs. In every country, this style is called differently. However, Art Nouveau in Russian architecture has taken root precisely under this name.
Key Features
When building a house in the Art Nouveau style, masters strive to create a single objective and spatial environment. For this, arcuate lines are used. It seems that they begin to flow into themselves.
Facade Features
When building a house in the Art Nouveau style, in most cases, architects use reinforced concrete and metal. They do not hide under the plaster. Their direct aesthetic purpose comes to the fore. There are also many glass elements. It is a mosaic on the facades of houses, as well as stained-glass windows in window and doorways.
Key Design Features
What is the difference between modern? The houses look very entertaining. Their main highlight is the image of the inside from the outside. Accordingly, the appearance indicates the aesthetics of the layout and the functionality of the building as a whole. As for the asymmetric facades and artistic processing, they embody the expediency and comfort of the premises. Very often there are houses in the Art Nouveau style, made of wood. They are usually decorated with the following elements:
- Rough balconies.
- The stairs.
- Terraces.
- Loggias.
- Galleries.
They are distinguished by the presence of a number of doors and windows that are not uniform in shape and size.
Other directions
A separate branch of the style is Northern Art Nouveau. Houses built in accordance with his canons are severe. This indicates the individuality of the climate. Also distinguishing features of this style include bay windows, hexagonal windows and acute-angled roofs.
Special course
There are plans that are completely different from the designs of houses in the Art Nouveau style. In the 80s, the direction began to revive, but only with a new name. Of course, we are talking about neo-modernism. The new style got rid of complex details and unnecessary frills. The architecture of these structures is more reminiscent of office options than residential premises.
Features of wooden buildings
Beautiful Art Nouveau houses become so thanks to a kind of harmony. Sometimes the "wooden" direction is called mannered. It is about the pinnacle of architectural creativity. It is characterized by a smooth ornament and grace of individual lines. All this as if created by nature. Exterior and interior are one. Any detail is selected with a taste bordering on the grotesque. All non-residential space is embraced by a figurative and symbolic design and a single ornamental rhythm. Style grew up on the ruins that were once Stalinist nomenclature classicism. Domestic wooden Art Nouveau is a cross between styles and eras. As for the dynamics of the building, it goes into stained-glass windows and walls, which are filled with inner beauty and impeccable proportions.
Modern realities
What, in essence, is modern? We are talking about complex compositions from different materials and textures, curved lines, ornaments and filigree plastic. As a rule, these are manual works or copyright works, which are performed by order. Some elements are made in a single copy. In particular, this applies to decorative panels, wall and ceiling paintings, as well as forged fences. In accordance with this, the implementation of the project is many times more complicated and becomes significantly more expensive. As for the implementation of projects of houses in this style, it is incredibly difficult. It requires close attention to all details and sophisticated drawing technique. Each element needs careful study.
Design creation
Japanese ornaments and floral motifs are found everywhere. In particular, this applies to furniture colors, wallpaper and tapestry fabrics. Some kind of branches are formed by woven flexible stripes. In the wall decoration you can see interesting shades of lilac, olive and silver. Thanks to such combinations, the illusion of the presence of wildlife is created. This is a kind of inspiration for artists.
Interior Features
The furniture in the Art Nouveau houses is functional and decorative at the same time. Its upholstery is necessarily decorated with irises, thistles and tulips. The appearance of armchairs, couches and sofas is also distinguished by the presence of plant features. The stems are depicted in curved smooth lines. Artificial aging of elements is very popular at present. It is used for decorating accessories and furniture. As for the houses in the Art Nouveau style, there are glass vases and lamps. They have images of figures of non-existent animals. Here you rarely find the main ceiling lighting. Most often used floor lamps and lamps. The interior of such houses is characterized by ease and lightness. A similar illusion can be achieved with forged elements and transparent flowing fabrics. As for the modern manifestations of this style, fancy accessories and ornate ornaments come to the fore. Handwork looks very original. At the same time, the use of its expensive imitation is allowed. On the premises, steps and podiums are very common.
Historical information
Art Nouveau came to Moscow on time. At that time, the turnkey fashion for building houses began to spread. In this regard, the freedom of creativity was opened for architects. This style has been very popular for two decades. Thus, many metropolitan architects now and then turned to its elements. With their use, many Moscow buildings were built. The following can be highlighted as examples:
- Yaroslavsky station.
- The typography of the Levinson Partnership.
- TSUM.
- Hotel "Metropol".
- The building of the insurance company "Russia".
Further we will talk about apartment buildings and private mansions.
Outstanding facilities
In particular, two main estate projects stand out. They were attended by William Walcot, who is a famous British architect. He also made a significant contribution to the design of the Metropol Hotel. The estates are adjacent to each other in Prechistensky Lane. This is a special order of MTSAO. At one time, it was considered the main "developer" of the capital. Thanks to this company, the construction of several objects was initiated, which later turned into modern monuments. We are talking about house number 10. It is made in accordance with the canons of concise English Art Nouveau. The house was acquired by Maria Fedorovna Yakunchikova, who was the wife of the owner of a textile factory and brick factories. Karl Gutheil became the owners of another building. This refers to house number 8. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Karzinkin merchant family began to own the mansion. A few years ago, the building was restored. Currently, there is the embassy of Morocco. It is worth noting that Art Nouveau is not quite, however, such a symmetrical facade is characteristic. There is a vivid contrast of this house with the Yakunchikova mansion.