Over the past twenty years, medicine has improved significantly, which has significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular diseases, improved their treatment and reduced mortality associated with these diseases. The quality of life of many people has improved due to the use of special inhibitor drugs. But along with this, the number of undesirable effects from these procedures has increased. One of them is hyperkalemia. Its treatment must be carried out immediately and only under the supervision of a doctor, since severe forms of this state of the body can lead to very serious consequences.
It is the inhibitors that affect the metabolism of potassium and contribute to its retention in the body, leading to hyperkalemia. If, in addition, the food regimen was not followed and the necessary monitoring was not carried out, the picture becomes very bright. Symptoms of hyperkalemia are especially rapid in elderly patients, patients with neoplasms, renal failure, or other systemic diseases. Against the background of other diseases, with serious burns and injuries, as well as major operations, increased potassium intake begins. Symptoms of hyperkalemia are manifested in paresthesia of the limbs, confusion and apathy. A similar condition can occur both with traumatic and infectious toxicosis, and with acidosis, cellular hypohydration, hyponatremia, hemolysis and insufficiency of the adrenal cortex.
Symptoms of hyperkalemia are often expressed by severe pain in the abdomen, due to paresis of its smooth muscles, the occurrence of nausea and confusion. Various conditions accompanied by dehydration, which include adrenogenital syndrome and renal failure, also lead to a delay in potassium. A similar condition can occur not only in adults, but also in children. Symptoms of hyperkalemia are similar in all cases. In particularly difficult situations, a malfunction of the heart muscle may occur, which will manifest itself in the muffling of heart sounds, arrhythmias, bradycardia, up to the onset of vascular collapse.
Therefore, to prevent various relapses, an emergency correction is simply necessary. As soon as there is a suspicion that the patient has hyperkalemia, treatment should begin with the immediate termination of the introduction of potassium into the body. Moreover, not only in the form of various medications, but also nutrition. These are inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, p-blockers, potassium-sparing diuretics and other medicines with a similar effect. The source of potassium in the diet is primarily wheat bran, yeast, broccoli, leeks, seaweed, red pepper, potatoes, bananas, soybeans, nuts and dried fruits. Do not forget that a healthy person should consume no more than two grams of potassium per day. And its content in the body should not exceed one hundred and fifty, a maximum of three hundred grams. Most often, this treatment is enough. In urgent cases, when the patient worsens, more active therapy is used. Its essence lies in the rapid removal of excess potassium from the body by using the necessary drugs prescribed only by a specialist. Apply calcium gluconate, sodium bicarbonate, dextrose, diuretics and hemodialysis.
After emergency assistance to the patient, it is necessary to establish the exact cause of hyperkalemia and take all necessary long-term measures to reduce and maintain normal levels of potassium in the body. The doctor will prescribe the appropriate diet and offer to pass the necessary tests. Especially it is necessary to protect oneself for elderly people, patients with diabetes, as well as people with impaired functioning of cardiac and renal function.