Varicose veins in the testicles are a genetically determined disease characterized by trophism of the male genital organs, mainly the testicles.
Etiology of the disease
First of all, it is necessary to note the large role of the hereditary factor in the development of testicular pathology. Varicose disease, in any of its forms, which has occurred in the immediate family of a man, can be a decisive factor in the development of this disease.
Testicular varicose veins can also be derived from a congenital malformation of the venous wall. This disease is often found and diagnosed only at the stage of a progressive process in the scrotum.
Frequent injuries and hypothermia are factors that play a large part in the formation of varicose pelvic disease.
Of great importance are the so-called physiological causes that can increase pressure in the small pelvis. These include chronic constipation and severe physical exertion.
Pathogenesis of the disease
During its development, the disease goes through several stages:
- The first stage is not characterized by any clinical manifestations, and it is possible to detect changes in blood flow in the testicle only with the help of ultrasound or dopplerography.
- In the second stage, the patient will also not show any complaints, but varicose veins can be palpated only in a horizontal position.
- The third stage differs from the second only in that the veins are palpated already in the supine position of the patient.
- At the last stage, dilated veins are objectively visible.
Thus, testicular varicosity begins with impaired blood flow in the scrotum. Any etiological factor acts on the wall of veins supplying blood to the area of the male genital organs. Under the influence of this factor, the blood begins to move in a vortex, and over time, it completely stagnates in the testicles, i.e. they practically do not receive adequate nutrition. Veins increase in diameter and swell more and more. Due to the accumulation of blood, this area of the male genitalia overheats and swells - accordingly, the clinical picture appears.
Symptoms of the disease
Testicular varicosity is primarily manifested by male infertility. As a result of overheating of the seminal fluid, sperm cells either mature slowly or do not mature at all. That is why varicose veins of the male genital organs are more often diagnosed when couples plan to have a baby.
If the man is not bothered by the fact of infertility, then he may go to the doctor with complaints of unusual pulling sensations in the scrotum. Patients may also complain of pain in the perineum, lower back, and lower abdomen. In this process, the testicle can increase in size, change color and shape - this may be the first complaint of patients.
Based on the anatomical features of the structure of the male reproductive system, varicose testicles on the left are much more common. If the clinical picture indicates the localization of the process on the right, then it is best to look for the causes of the disease in the kidneys or arterial vascular bed.
Treatment
Testicular varicosity is treated only by surgical removal of the cause. However, this cannot be said that this procedure is applicable to all patients. If the disease does not bother the patient, then treatment can only consist of taking vitamins and avoiding heavy physical exertion. But patients with severe pain, infertility and testicular atrophy definitely need surgery. Which approach to apply to a particular patient is decided by the attending physician.
What is testicular atrophy?
The word atrophy itself means a gradual decrease in size, followed by death, i.e. testicular atrophy - a disease characterized by a decrease in the size of the scrotum with a gradual extinction of organ function. This process is partially reversible.
The causes of this disease are many, but it is known for sure that the excessive use of hormonal drugs and synthetic protein nutrition leads to the development of this process.
This disease can not be cured - it can only be stopped. Partial restoration of function is carried out using hormonal drugs, however, this is not always possible to do.