Inflammation of the kidneys is a progressive disease called nephritis. Pathology equally often affects women, men, occurs in children of different ages. The inflammatory process can develop in the pelvis, calyces, as well as the tubules, vessels and glomeruli of the kidneys. The basis for the occurrence of inflammation of the kidneys can be prolonged hypothermia. Also, the disease can develop as a complication of existing infectious pathologies caused by pathogenic bacteria.
Jade Classification
Inflammation of the kidneys is classified differently and is divided into primary and secondary nephritis depending on the origin. The first type manifests itself in the form of separate pathologies. Secondary inflammation of the kidneys develops as a complication of a previous ailment. For example, a protracted infection can cause pathology.
Depending on the form, the following types of jade are distinguished:
- Acute inflammation. Usually caused by pathogenic microorganisms, reflected in the glomeruli of the kidneys.
- Chronic Tends to be active after a "lull". In this form, the death of kidney tissue is observed, which leads to the accumulation of toxic substances in the body.
Jade is also divided according to the type of causative agent:
- Bacterial.
- Viral.
- Non-infectious.
- Toxic.
- Allergic.
- Post-vaccination.
Nature of the disease
There is a division of jade by the nature of the disease. According to this indicator, kidney inflammation in men and women is divided into:
- Glomerulonephritis. Pathology is a chronic inflammation, characterized by a gradual inhibition of renal glomeruli, impaired urination, and blood purification functions. With the progression of the disease, glomeruli are replaced by connective tissue: as a result, chronic renal failure develops.
- Shunt jade. If the immune system is malfunctioning, kidneys appear in the kidneys that interfere with the functioning of the organ. As a result, a shunt type of pathology is diagnosed.
- Pyelonephritis. When bacteria enter the organs, lesions of the tubules, pelvis and calyx are diagnosed. This pathology is one of the most often diagnosed in comparison with other ailments. Pyelonephritis usually occurs with hypothermia.
- Interstitial nephritis. With tissue inflammation between the glomeruli and tubules, the tubular apparatus of the nephrons is diagnosed with interstitial nephritis. Pathology is caused by pathogenic bacteria, but sometimes intoxication is caused by medication.
- Beam Jade. As a result of strong exposure, nephron deficiency may occur. As a result, radiation jade is formed.
- Hereditary Jade. Sometimes pathology is inherited and manifests itself from an early age.
- With purulent processes in the kidneys, apostematic nephritis occurs.
Causes of inflammation
Primary and secondary inflammation of the kidneys in women and men cause different causes. So, if an autoimmune disease is caused by developing pathologies, nephrons are inflamed, then glomerulonephritis can serve as a provocateur. In the secondary form of the disease, the following causes are distinguished:
- diabetes;
- infections
- renal amyloidosis;
- tumors;
- alcoholic necrosis;
- poisoning;
- allergic reaction;
- pregnancy complications.
Overcooling, vitamin deficiencies, lack of exercise, nutritional disorders, stresses can increase the risk of pathology.
Clinical manifestations of inflammation
Symptoms of kidney inflammation depend on which particular disease progresses. In the acute form, signs of inflammation manifest themselves clearly. With all pathologies, there is hyperthermia to high numbers, headaches, chills. The chronic form is characterized by alternating periods of exacerbation and remission. As a result, chronic renal failure progresses.
There are general symptoms of kidney inflammation that are characteristic of all types of nephritis. These include:
- Swelling.
- Pain in the lower back.
- Pain during urination.
- Increased blood pressure, up to critical rates.
- The appearance of cloudy urine with an admixture of cereal or blood.
- Thirst.
- Dry skin.
Pyelonephritis
Signs of kidney inflammation may include:
- increase in body temperature;
- the appearance of pus in the urine - with pyelonephritis, pathological processes develop rapidly, with the accumulation of pus in the tissues, which is excreted with urine;
- soreness in the lumbar region;
- urine becomes cloudy, flakes appear in it, sometimes blood clots.
Most often, pyelonephritis is diagnosed in children and women. Symptoms of kidney inflammation, as well as tests and ultrasound diagnostics confirm the pathology. In acute form, one kidney is usually affected, and in chronic, both.
Glomerulonephritis
This is a complex pathology in which the affected kidney cells are replaced by connective tissue. As a result of the disease, renal failure develops. With glomerulonephritis in children and adults, the following clinical manifestations are observed:
- swelling
- fluid accumulates in the abdominal cavity;
- a large concentration of protein is detected in urine.
Symptoms of kidney inflammation in men aged twenty to forty years are more common than in women. A feature of the course of the disease is that it simultaneously affects both kidneys.
Pathology in pregnant women
Often, pathology occurs during pregnancy. When the first signs of the disease appear, you must immediately send the woman to the hospital for treatment. During pregnancy, compression of the pelvic organs by the uterus, as well as a change in the usual hormonal background, the presence of chronic diseases can lead to pathology.
If you do not start treatment for kidney inflammation in time, then there is a big risk to the health of the unborn child and mother. If intrauterine infection of the fetus is detected, then pneumonia and enterocolitis may occur after birth. Therefore, it is important that you see a doctor immediately when the first signs of kidney inflammation appear in pregnant women.
To avoid inflammation, during pregnancy it is important not to supercool, monitor nutrition, regularly take urine for analysis, since it determines the condition of the urinary system.
Jade in children
Pathology in children can occur without clinical manifestations, and can progress, manifested by an increase in body temperature, urinary incontinence, a change in its color, and pain during urination. If such symptoms appear, you should immediately seek medical help.
Diagnostic Methods
In order to determine what type of jade is present, it is necessary to undergo a diagnosis. Usually, doctors conduct a medical history, as well as prescribe a number of tests, instrumental examination methods.
During communication with the patient, the doctor determines when and under what circumstances the body temperature increased. It is necessary to specify what pathologies of the urinary system the patient previously suffered, what methods of endoscopy were performed. A history of infections is also being collected.
Urinalysis, blood tests are mandatory. In order to see changes in the kidneys, ultrasound, CT, X-ray examination methods are performed. The diagnostic method in each case is selected individually.
Treatment methods
Acute inflammation must be treated under the supervision of doctors in a hospital. After stopping the pain and lowering the temperature, the patients are discharged. Further treatment is done on an outpatient basis, but how to treat kidney inflammation at home? Therapy includes taking medication, as well as traditional medicine methods.
Drug therapy
Treatment of inflammation is carried out by prescribing a course of diuretics, antibiotics and other drugs.
Diuretics help to remove all excess fluid from the body, and also help relieve swelling. To eliminate pathogenic bacteria, antibiotics are used for kidney inflammation. In the process of choosing the type of drug composition, an analysis is carried out for sensitivity to infection. Common drugs prescribed for nephritis include: Penicillin, Amoxicillin, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Cephalexin and other drugs.
If therapy does not bring the desired result, then patients are prescribed plasmapheresis - purification of blood from accumulated toxins. This procedure is carried out using glucocorticosteroids, cytostatics.
According to the testimony, the doctor may prescribe:
- Antihistamines.
- Calcium preparations.
- Immunostimulants.
- Vitamin Therapy.
- Drugs that lower blood pressure.
- Compounds that restore blood circulation in the kidneys.
Power Features
To cure the pathology, it is necessary not only to follow the doctor’s recommendations for taking medications, but also to adhere to a diet. Patients are contraindicated in the use of fatty meats, smoked meats, pickles, pickled and fried foods, coffee, alcohol.
The diet includes more dairy products, egg white, vegetables, stewed fruit. Every day you need to use as much fluid as possible to accelerate the removal of pathogenic microorganisms and toxins from the body.
After suppressing an acute infection, low-fat meats and steamed fish are included in the diet.
Alternative methods of treatment
Treatment of inflammation of the kidneys and symptoms can be carried out by folk remedies. Often they are prescribed together with medications, and also used as a prophylaxis in the chronic form of nephritis.
Many plants have a diuretic effect, improve blood circulation in the kidneys, and suppress inflammatory processes. They are able to remove toxins from the body, have a general strengthening effect.
First of all, it is necessary to cleanse the body of toxins. For this purpose, use a black head, dandelion roots. To prepare a healing composition, you need to take a teaspoon of dandelion or blackhead roots and pour a glass of boiling water. The tool is insisted for 40 minutes, filtered, divided into three doses.
The following complex of medicinal plants helps to get rid of inflammation and kidney stones: field horsetail, lingonberry leaves and bearberry. Everything is taken in equal parts, crushed. A teaspoon of the mixture is steamed with 200 grams of boiling water and infused for two hours, then 0.2 grams of mummy are added. The drug is taken three times a day. The duration of the course is three weeks.
The unique properties of horsetail make it possible to use this plant as an independent remedy. To prepare the medicine, take two teaspoons of grass and pour a glass of boiling water. After an hour of infusion, the product is filtered and taken in equal parts throughout the day.
Good for jade knotweed. Two spoons (tea) of herbs are taken and poured with two glasses of boiling water. The composition is infused for four hours, you need to take one hundred grams up to four times.
Cornflower can be used for therapy. A tablespoon of inflorescences is poured with a glass of boiling water and insisted for about an hour. The finished product needs to be divided into three methods.
Positive results in the treatment of nephritis give birch leaves. To prepare the product, one hundred grams of raw material is taken and poured with two glasses of boiling water. The composition is allowed to infuse overnight. Take one hundred grams before meals.
In the treatment of inflammation of the kidneys, herbal teas show good results. They normalize the functioning of the urinary system, soothe, heal inflammation, remove toxins and eliminate pathogens.
For the preparation of teas, chamomile, juniper, rosehip, bearberry, horsetail, and calendula are used. Teas can be prepared from one type of plant or used in combination, combining different types of herbs. In the latter case, take different herbs in equal parts, mix. For brewing, apply one to three teaspoons of the mixture per glass of boiling water. Tea is insisted for half an hour, then filtered. Drink no more than three cups a day.
It is best to change the composition of the drink and prepare it from different herbs.
When treating nephritis, it is recommended to include jelly in the diet. It can be prepared from different berries and fruits. Effective helpers in the treatment of this disease are pumpkin and cranberries. Pumpkin seeds help remove sand and stones. Cranberries are a natural, natural antibiotic and antioxidant. It is recommended to make juices from this berry, cook compotes, jelly, fruit drinks.
With timely and proper treatment of nephritis, you can quickly and without consequences get rid of this ailment, preventing the transition from an acute form to a chronic one. And do not forget that any self-medication is fraught with serious complications, up to surgical intervention. To avoid this, you should not take medications yourself and use alternative methods of therapy, you must immediately consult a doctor, undergo an examination, and only after that apply the course of therapy prescribed by the doctor.