Currently, there are many reasons why a rash appears on the feet of a child . They can serve as symptoms of various diseases. Therefore, you cannot cauterize them yourself, you must consult a doctor so that he can correctly diagnose. Only an experienced doctor can diagnose the disease by the nature of the rash. Of course, for parents it will not be superfluous information about what ailments can be hidden under such a symptom.
Classification
Rashes can be of different types. Most often they have the appearance of vesicles with liquid inside or red spots. The size of the rash is small. Some diseases can occur in the form of scales on the feet, accompanied by itching. When the elements of the rash are combed, ulcers, cracks and other injuries form. All rashes are conditionally divided into five groups:
- Rash of an infectious nature.
- A rash on the feet and hands of a child with an allergic origin.
- Rashes associated with hygiene.
- Rashes that appear due to diseases of the blood and blood vessels.
- A rash resulting from chronic ailments, fungi, parasites, etc.
A great danger is the infectious group, in the history of which contacts with carriers in school and kindergarten are often revealed.
Infectious diseases
The causes of rashes in children can be such infections:
- Measles is characterized by the presence of small rashes of red color. In this case, a rash appears on the feet and palms of the child , which gradually affects his entire body (after about three days). This manifestation is almost always accompanied by signs of SARS. Runny nose and cough, conjunctivitis and hyperthermia appear. Five days later, white spots appear on the mucous membrane of the cheeks. Rashes are not accompanied by itching, peeling of the skin occurs.
- Rubella is caused by the appearance of a small red rash. But first she appears on her face and only then on her legs. A distinctive feature of the disease are enlarged lymph nodes. During the day, the whole body of the child is covered with rashes that pass after three days. When pressed, they disappear, do not merge with each other. Itching and any discomfort are not observed.
- Vesicular stomatitis, in which there is a rash on the feet of a child in the form of vesicles with red rims. Passes by itself, without requiring treatment. It does not cause discomfort.
- Meningococcal infection is caused by the appearance of pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin. The spots gradually merge into large dense elements of irregular shape. Especially they are clearly visible on the legs and buttocks. After some time, spots of necrosis form in the center of the spots. The appearance of rashes is a very dangerous sign and indicates the development of meningococcemia. A fatal outcome is possible on the first day.
- Scarlet fever is characterized by the appearance of a small rash on the feet of the child , rough to the touch, accompanied by itching. Rashes spread throughout the body, but are completely absent in the area of the nasolabial triangle. After five days on the feet, peeling of the skin begins.
- Infectious endocarditis is characterized by the appearance of small red spots on the feet, which are accompanied by pain and itching. These rashes resemble hives.
- Scabies is caused by the presence of different elements of the rash on the soles of the feet : red spots, pustules, vesicles with fluid and other things. In this case, severe itching is observed. In children, the foot is especially itchy in the evening.
Allergy
A rash of allergic origin is associated with the action of a specific agent on the child's body. This can be wool, dust, some medications, detergents, as well as complementary foods. An allergic rash includes hives, which is characterized by the appearance of a distinct rash of bright pink color with no accompanying signs of malaise. The rash can cover children's socks , legs and buttocks. Rashes can merge with each other, forming large blisters that rise above the surface of the skin. They can cause peeling, severe itching, cause crusts in the future.
Vascular and blood diseases
In some cases, an ulcer rash may appear on the feet, which indicates the presence of a severe pathology of the circulatory system. Also, rashes are often formed in the form of hemorrhages, bruises, petechiae, which may indicate the development of thrombocytopenic purpura, which is caused by a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood. In this case, the rashes are asymmetric, they can be in various places, they do not have a specific location.
With hemorrhagic vasculitis, a red rash occurs in the child on the legs and feet. Rashes can merge with each other, rise above the skin. The disease is accompanied by intoxication and arthralgia.
Hygiene rash
Often a rash can occur as a result of non-compliance with hygiene standards:
- Sweating is characterized by the appearance of whitish bubbles, occurs when the child overheats in the summer, when he is wrapped in warm clothing. It does not require treatment.
- Diaper rash also occurs due to a violation of hygiene standards. They are caused by rashes in the form of red sores and erosions.
- Dermatitis appears due to untimely bathing of the child. Since babies have very sensitive skin, it responds to any defects in care.
Other violations
There are other disorders that lead to the appearance of rashes on the feet. These include:
- Psoriasis and eczema, in which a red rash appears in a child with peeling or vesicles with fluid. The vesicles burst and form crusts. In this case, itching and burning are observed.
- Insect bites are characterized by rashes in the form of a chain of small vesicles. The appearance of itching is characteristic. Severe redness of the skin, and in some cases swelling, is noted.
- Fungal diseases can manifest as vesicles and rashes on the feet and toes. Sometimes they turn into ulcers, itching, unpleasant odor and burning appear. At the same time, there are constantly cracks, inflammations and vesicles on the skin.
- Pseudotuberculosis occurs in children who are more than six months old. At the same time, children's socks suffer. A rash of pink-blue color appears on them without burning and itching.
- Neurodermatitis is characterized by the formation of a rash on the feet in the form of red papules filled with liquid. Itching is observed, which intensifies at night. If the papules are combed, the skin becomes inflamed.
- Rheumatic fever appears after the child has had a sore throat. This ailment is caused by the fact that a red rash appears on the feet , hands and buttocks in the form of rings.
- Warts often occur on the soles of children. They have the appearance of white solid formations that can cause pain. In some cases, they go away on their own.
Diagnostics
First of all, parents should observe whether the general condition of the child has changed after the appearance of the rash. If the condition has not changed, do not be nervous. It is necessary to show the baby to the doctor, since only he can make the correct diagnosis and prescribe treatment. Methods such as dermatoscopy, biopsy, and scraping are used to diagnose a rash. Laboratory tests will help to make an accurate diagnosis. The causes of rashes in children can be different, including serious diseases.
Treatment
Treatment should be carried out only by a doctor. Doctors can be called to the house, and it is not recommended to process the rash before it arrives. If this is a manifestation of an allergy, then antihistamines are prescribed. In this case, it is necessary to immediately exclude contact with the stimulus. If the rash on the feet of the child is caused by other diseases, then the underlying disease is treated, the immune system is strengthened. In severe infectious diseases, hospitalization is indicated. The doctor prescribes antibiotics, vitamins and other drugs. When insect bites, certain ointments and creams, herbal baths, lotions can be prescribed. In any case, you can not self-medicate, as this can lead to irreversible consequences. Alternative methods of therapy do not always cope with the problem, which can lead to the development of serious complications up to death. If meningococcus is suspected, an ambulance must be called.
Medical preparations
The choice of medicine will depend on the cause of the rash:
- When the rash on the feet is accompanied by dry skin, moisturizers and skin care products are used.
- With swelling of the legs, baths are made from a solution of boric acid.
- Of the antihistamines for allergies, Suprastin, Tavegil, Erius, and others are prescribed. If an allergic reaction is accompanied by severe itching, hormonal ointments, such as Lokoid or Advantan, can be used. They are used for no more than five days when the foot itches.
- To increase the body's resistance, vitamins and immunomodulators, physiotherapy using radon or hydrogen sulfide baths are prescribed.
- In the acute period, desensitizing agents are used, they are administered intramuscularly.
- With neurodermatitis, treatment is prescribed using tranquilizers and sedatives.
- According to indications, antibiotics, antifungal and antiviral agents are prescribed.
Dieting
It is very important to follow a diet for rashes. For allergic reactions, spicy foods, nuts, chocolate, citrus fruits and fish are excluded from the menu. Also, you can not eat honey, strawberries, tomatoes, eggs. All these measures are carried out because a rash on the feet of a child can cause highly allergenic products and a diet is required to eliminate unpleasant symptoms.
Prevention
One of the conditions for the prevention of rashes is the timely vaccination of the child. Carrying out all the necessary vaccinations makes it possible to avoid the appearance of various dangerous diseases, so the body must be protected from viruses and bacteria. But in this case, you need to remember about the possible appearance of a negative reaction to the vaccine.
For allergies, it is recommended to follow a diet, excluding some foods from the diet. Clothes should be chosen from high-quality natural materials. Parents are advised not to use perfume in the house, not to start pets and plants if their child is prone to allergic reactions. Children need to be given vitamin preparations to increase immunity. All prevention methods should be tested and agreed with the pediatrician. This is the only way to protect a child from invisible danger.
Thus, any rash on the feet of the child that cannot be identified by itself is cause for alarm. It is important to remember: a sensitive child's body is most often infected. The formation of rashes can be a sign of the development of dangerous diseases, so you should immediately consult a doctor. With its appearance, the rash will tell the experienced doctor about the seriousness of the processes that occur in the child's body. Correctly diagnosing the cause yourself is possible only with allergies and violations of hygiene rules, in all other cases, an unprofessional approach will only harm health. Parents are advised not to experiment with the health of their babies!