The causative agent of mumps is a virus transmitted by contact. He cannot perish in the environment, he is not afraid of the cold, but is considered sensitive to disinfection. Microorganisms are sown on the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx and mouth, then to enter the bloodstream, spreading across all cells. How does mumps manifest? This is described in the article.
The disease is also called mumps. The disease is one of the most common in children. Usually it appears in schoolchildren. According to statistics, girls are 2 times less sick compared with boys. In infants, this disease almost does not appear, since they have strong immunity with breast milk, which protects them up to 5 years. This ailment is seasonal. In the cool period, it appears more often than in summer.
Features of the disease
The pathology was described by Hippocrates. He defined it in a separate nosological form. Hamilton in 1790 revealed the appearance of mumps with orchitis, lesions of the central nervous system.
The name of the disease “mumps” is due to the fact that there is an increase in the salivary glands. The appearance of a person is like a piglet. This ailment became widespread among soldiers in the 17-19 centuries.
Types of ailment
The severity of the course of the mumps is determined by the number of viruses that enter the body, their activity, age, physical form, and the state of the immune system. Two types of ailment spill:
- Manifestant (various symptoms appear).
- Inapparent (the disease proceeds without symptoms).
The manifest view is divided into uncomplicated and complicated. The second variety is considered dangerous, since inflammation affects important organs - the brain, kidneys, genital, mammary glands, heart, joints, and nervous system. With this form, otitis media, meningitis, and nephritis may appear. In rare cases, deafness is likely.
A feature of inapparent mumps is the absence of symptoms. In this situation, it is difficult to detect the presence of infection. A person does not feel any signs, but is a distributor of dangerous symptoms.
Infection pathways
A viral illness can be transmitted by airborne droplets when an infected person is nearby. You can get infected through toys, dishes. Persons who have not previously been exposed to the virus have an increased chance of infection, especially for children.
The virus spreads from the tonsils, upper respiratory tract, and gradually transitions to the salivary glands. If, after identifying the symptoms, there is no treatment, then the ailment extends to the central nervous system and other organs. An allergy noticeable by external changes in the face can remain forever.
At the first signs of mumps, swelling and inflammation of the salivary glands, which are near the ears, occur. Then the disease spreads to a place in front of the ears, cheeks, an increase in the face.
Causes
You need to know not only how the mumps is manifested, but also what leads to this. Usually the disease appears from:
- contact with a sick or infected person during the infectious stage;
- infection through household items, on the surface of which there was saliva or particles of mucus;
- violations of epidemiological control upon detection of a patient.
For any reason, timely and effective treatment is necessary. Moreover, both in an adult and in a child.
Symptoms
How does mumps manifest? In the photo and live, the first signs are visible after half a month, sometimes later. That is how long the incubation period of the virus lasts. How is the disease (mumps) manifested after it is over? Symptoms include the appearance of:
- muscle pain
- chills;
- headache;
- lethargy;
- poor appetite.
These are the main signs of how mumps appears in children. Symptoms are the same in adults. The main symptom is inflammation of the salivary glands. This phenomenon is manifested in the parotid salivary glands, swelling on one or both sides. Then the swelling goes to the neck, because of which the face becomes puffy.
How does mumps manifest in children weakened? In this case, the ailment can be severe. With edema of the parotid glands, edema of the sublingual and submandibular glands appears. In this condition, pain occurs: the child has a poor appetite, he has difficulty talking, his ears hurt. You can see the symptoms in the photo. The disease is easy to identify.
How does mumps manifest in children 7-10 years old? Often there is an elevated temperature, which can reach 39-40 degrees. Rarely is it no more than 37.5 degrees. Some children tolerate the disease more easily, since there is no temperature, there is only swelling in the place of the parotid glands.
How is the disease (mumps) manifested in adults? They can have all of the above symptoms. The appearance of noise and pain in the ears is also likely, and hearing loss is sometimes observed. How does mumps manifest in adults and children? There is discomfort, weakness appears. If there is no timely treatment, then the consequences can be severe.
The consequences of the disease in children
How does mumps manifest during illness? The virus is able to quickly spread throughout the body, adversely affecting other organs. Complications include the appearance of:
- serous meningitis;
- meningoencephalitis;
- thyroid inflammation;
- damage to the organs of the middle ear;
- disorders of the central nervous system;
- pancreatic inflammation;
- pancreatitis.
Especially dangerous is considered an ailment for boys during puberty. Because of it, there may be inflammation of the testicles. Usually there is pain in the genital gland, there is an increase in the testicle, redness and swelling. It is only important to determine the diagnosis for a competent choice of treatment. These are the main points about how mumps appears in children. A photo will let you know what the ailment looks like.
Diagnostics
With lesions of the parotid and salivary glands, the diagnosis of mumps is performed according to noticeable symptoms and anamnesis. With damage to the central system or internal glands, the disease will be determined using laboratory tests.
An analysis of secretory secretions, urine, blood and saliva is performed. An immunofluorescence method is also used, which allows the virus to be detected in nasopharyngeal tissues. This diagnostic method is considered effective, fast, informative.
Who to contact?
In adults, such a disease appears rarely, most often it occurs in children. If symptoms of acute infection are detected, a pediatrician should be called to the house. Adults should contact infectious disease specialists. Often, adults with this ailment get an appointment with a dentist or ENT, who must timely detect mumps. If there are complications, then you need to visit a neurologist, gastroenterologist, urologist, gynecologist. A nutritionist consultation is required.
Therapy
There is no special treatment for this disease, but with the condition that it proceeds without complications. Children are treated on an outpatient basis. The main therapy is isolation from contact with other children. Need bed rest and quality oral care.
It is necessary to rinse with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, and also apply dry heat to the area of swelling. Irradiation with ultraviolet, blue lamps, which are in clinics, is effective. From medicines, the antipyretic drug Nurofen, the children's Paracetamol, and Panadol are prescribed.
Pediatricians prescribe and painkillers, anti-inflammatory drugs. Due to their individual characteristics, some children are prescribed Suprastin, Fenistil and multivitamins.
A mumps without complications usually disappears after 2 weeks. The prognosis for people with meningitis is positive, although complications in the form of deafness are possible. Therefore, do not run this ailment. At the first signs of the disease, consult a doctor. All treatment should be carried out under the constant supervision of a specialist.
Folk remedies
Folk healers recommends using infusion of linden flowers for treatment. To cook it, you need 1 tbsp. l raw materials and a glass of boiling water. The mixture is infused for 30 minutes, and then filtered. You need to drink three times a day in half a glass. Sage infusion used for rinsing is also effective.
Essential oils
To facilitate breathing, you need fir oil (4 drops), which should be dripped onto a burning light bulb in the children's room. Vapors need to breathe a few minutes. Such procedures improve the condition of adults and children.
Primrose Infusion
This tool is recognized as one of the most effective. Need 1 tbsp. l dried herbs and a glass of water. The plants collected in the spring must be dried, and then pour the dry grass with boiling water, insist for 30 minutes, strain and drink as a source of vitamins C, A cup 3 times a day.
Herbal infusion
We need rose hips, nettles (3 tbsp. Each), lingonberries (2 tbsp. L.) And water (0.5 liters). All components must be crushed with a blender, mixed and brewed with boiling water. Then the liquid is left for 4 hours, and then filtered and consumed in 0.5 cups in the morning and evening.
This drink is an excellent means of strengthening immunity. In order to prevent complications, it is necessary to adhere to a diet. The child needs to eat more vegetables, dairy products, plant foods, greens. It is necessary to drink plenty of pure water, but to reduce the consumption of bakery products, salty, fatty, spicy products.
Prevention
The only preventative measure is vaccination. Vaccination is performed 2 times, since the immunity after it can persist for 5-6 years. The first vaccination is performed at 1 year, and the second at 6 years.
Vaccinated children are protected from illness and complications. The vaccine is considered safe (even with allergies). If there is a sick child at home, antiviral medications may be prescribed for other children and adults for prevention.
Although the signs of mumps are difficult to confuse with other ailments, it is advisable to prevent infection than to treat it later. With age, the risk of likely consequences increases. Effective preventive measures will prevent the occurrence of this ailment.