Allergy literally flooded the planet. Dust and insect bites are no longer as relevant as, for example, cold and heat allergies, symptoms of an unclear etiology, a complex reaction to food products. And often, such conditions develop into serious disorders that primarily appear on the skin and adversely affect the entire body. How to warn ourselves, to avoid the disease, or even to alleviate its course, we will study here and now.
What is atypical dermatitis?
Atypical or atopic dermatitis is a pathological process of the skin that develops in individuals with a genetic predisposition to allergic diseases. It is hereditary and prone to relapse. This condition belongs to chronic diseases, manifests itself in the form of severe allergic dermatitis .
More often, pathology occurs in early childhood and periodically manifests itself in the form of skin rashes of various localization throughout life. There are such types of atypical dermatitis:
- Localized - skin rashes are local in nature, have a clear border and a small area of damage.
- Common - a rash appears in many parts of the human body, but still has boundaries.
- Diffuse - a spilled rash that affects all parts of the body, has a tendency to spread rapidly under the influence of irritating factors.
Symptoms
Atypical dermatitis has different symptoms depending on the age and severity of the disease.
- Easy flow.
- Moderate severity.
- Severe form.
But there are signs that suggest that a person develops atypical dermatitis.
Symptoms of the disease will be as follows.
- Itching - almost constant, worse at night.
- Skin rash - at the initial stage it looks like a simple urticaria, but in the process acquires a bright red color, the rashes merge into a common affected area.
- Redness with exudation - skin redness is a result of irritation, exudates with weeping are formed in places of natural skin folds, which increases itching and, as a result, the severity of the disease.
Atypical dermatitis in adults can give hyperpigmentation over time.
Causes
Atypical dermatitis is a hereditary disease. Predisposing factors are:
- Heredity - in people whose close relatives suffer from a similar disease, there is a high probability of its manifestation.
- A protracted pathological process - food allergy started due to an unclear etiology, is aggravated, the course of the disease becomes more severe, and a simple allergic rash turns into atopic dermatitis.
- Dysbacteriosis - an imbalance in the intestinal microflora leads to improper absorption of food enzymes, or they are not absorbed at all. Such a disease provokes the formation of food allergies and, as a result, atypical dermatitis.
- Stress and other disorders of the nervous system - skin rashes appear as a result of severe nervous strain. In this case, the treatment will be not only the use of topical preparations, but also the elimination of the irritant.
- External factors and various allergens that have a permanent effect on the body.
- Off-season - during periods when the immune system is weakened, and the body lacks vitamins, the disease manifests itself.
Childhood illness
Atypical dermatitis in children manifests itself at an early age, therefore, has its own characteristics of the course.
- In infants and toddlers under two years of age, atypical dermatitis affects areas of natural folds (elbow folds, the chin and popliteal region, as well as the neck). Due to the well-developed subcutaneous adipose tissue, the rashes become wet, with a large amount of exudate. A rough crust of a bright red color forms on the cheeks.
- In children from 2 to 12 years old, the skin at the site of lesions is prone to dryness, as a result of this, cracks appear with exudate flowing from them, and severe itching also occurs.
Atypical dermatitis in dogs. Treatment
In dogs, atopic dermatitis is manifested by inflammation of all skin layers. Severe itching leads to combing, redness and bleeding from damaged capillaries. Edema after physical exposure can go into an inflammatory disease with the formation of purulent foci and ulcerations on the skin.
Treatment of atypical dermatitis in dogs is to relieve symptoms. For ease of exposure, the hair is cut, the skin is treated with special preparations, powdered with antiseptic powders, reducing itching after exudation. In addition, the use of ointments is possible. The basis of treatment will be the clarification of the allergen and, if possible, the reduction or termination of the degree of its effect on the body.
How to treat atypical dermatitis
The basis for the treatment of the disease will be the elimination of the action of the allergen. Symptoms are treated comprehensively.
- Local ointments, creams and chatters are excellent if atypical dermatitis appears. Prednisolone ointment is an effective remedy during illness. Of non-hormonal drugs for children from one month old, doctors offer Fenistil gel, but it is suitable for a mild disease, such as urticaria, provided that the allergen has already been eliminated. Hormonal drugs that can be purchased at a pharmacy, for example, Advantan (cream and ointment) and Elidel, are prescribed for severe, protracted illness, as well as during periods of exacerbation.
- Oral medications: Diazolin, Suprastin tablets, and Parlazin drops are suitable for children and adults.
- Hypoallergenic diet.
During exacerbation, direct UV radiation should be avoided, water procedures should be reduced to the required minimum. Do not use cosmetics or other products that may lead to a worsening of the condition. Household chemicals are recommended to choose hypoallergenic.
Treatment is carried out under the supervision of an allergist or dermatologist.
Diet
The diet for atypical dermatitis will be as follows:
- Avoid any food allergens, as the body inadequately begins to perceive any provoking factor. It is necessary to exclude even those products that previously did not cause allergies (chocolate, seafood, especially shrimp, citrus fruits).
- Vegetables and fruits that have a bright color are excluded.
- From meat products, you should choose lean beef, lamb, rabbit meat.
- In cereals, give preference to rice, buckwheat.
- To exclude starchy products, for garnish it is preferable to choose cauliflower and white cabbage, broccoli.
Prevention
Atypical dermatitis in adults and children over three years of age requires the avoidance of allergens, adherence to the daily regimen and nutrition. In the offseason, it is necessary to strengthen the immune system, as well as take special supportive medications.
For infants, prevention will be the proper hypoallergenic nutrition of the mother.
In any case, you need to establish a hypoallergenic environment in the house, give pets into the good hands, get rid of plants, sources of dust (feather pillows, carpets, upholstered sofas). When the very first signs of the disease appear, you should immediately consult a dermatologist for advice. It is better to treat atypical dermatitis in a timely manner and as efficiently as possible. This will help reduce the risk of complications, as well as improve the general condition.