The human body is a complex system, the functioning of which requires a lot. The reproductive system is especially complex. Moreover, very often people are completely unaware of how exactly this or that part of the body functions. So, many women are terribly worried when, after an ultrasound, they are informed that they have a corpus luteum in the ovary, begin to worry and panic.
And it doesn’t even occur to them that there is no reason for panic at all. It is in order to understand this, and you need to understand the structure of your body. The corpus luteum in the ovary is a completely normal occurrence. This name is a temporary organ, or rather, iron of internal secretion. It is formed immediately after ovulation on the basis of a ruptured follicle. The granular cells of the follicle under the influence of hormones turn into luteal and begin to produce progesterone. In turn, the appearance of this hormone in the body gives him the command to start preparing for pregnancy. It is he who stimulates loosening and thickening of the upper layer of the mucous membrane of the inner surface of the uterus - the endometrium. All this is necessary so that a fertilized egg can invade the endometrium.
The further development of events directly depends on whether there will be fertilization of the egg, for the sake of which, in fact, everything was started. In the event that fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum in the ovary gradually reduces progesterone production and atrophies. A decrease in the concentration of progesterone leads to the detachment of the endometrium, which is the reason for menstruation.
If the egg is fertilized and attached to the wall of the uterus, then the corpus luteum in the ovary continues to function and produce the hormone; it, in turn, maintains the endometrial state necessary to maintain pregnancy. It also blocks the development of other eggs, which is also necessary for the normal development of the fetus. In this case, the corpus luteum dissolves only at 4 months of pregnancy, when the already formed placenta takes over the production of progesterone.
Thus, it turns out that the corpus luteum in the ovary is formed in the body of a woman every month, and resolves every month. This is completely normal, and it makes no sense to worry about it. However, it is likely that if pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum does not dissolve, but continues to produce progesterone, or, after pregnancy, the corpus luteum continues to grow. In this case, they speak of a corpus luteum cyst.
The cystic corpus luteum, as a rule, is larger than usual. In this case, the symptoms will be the same as during pregnancy: delayed menstruation, pulling sensations in the abdomen, all this is a consequence of the hormone. However, a pregnancy test yields a negative result. However, most often this condition also does not pose any danger, even during pregnancy.
However, there can still be problems with the cyst if it is too large. In this case, the cyst may burst due to mechanical stress. For example, with a stroke or a lot of physical stress. And this is already internal bleeding, that is, a condition dangerous to the woman's life.
That is why the treatment of the corpus luteum cyst is necessary. Usually, there are no difficulties with treatment. For several months, a woman takes anti-ovulation drugs, under the influence of which the cyst itself resolves. An ultrasound scan is regularly performed to monitor. In extreme cases, with a break, surgery is performed. Previously, I had to do abdominal surgery, with a seam from the navel to the pubis. Now they are doing a more gentle operation - laparoscopy, in which they make only three punctures through which the camera and the instrument are inserted.
I would like to repeat once again that the corpus luteum in the ovary is a normal phenomenon that every woman encounters every month.